Gastrofiberscopic findings under direct vision were analysed in 248 patients who were diagnosed as gastric cancer from Feb. 1980 to March 1983 in Department of internal Medicine, Kang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical College, Seoul, Korea. (continue...)
Endoscopy* ; Heart ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Korea ; Seoul ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Cystectomy*

Mullerian agenesis or dysgenesis, rare developmental anomaly presenting as primary amenorrhea, is characterized by absence of vagina and absence or rudimentary development of the uterus. Anatomic anomalies of the axial skeleton and kindney often accompany this psychologically devatating condition. There are various methods of surgical treatment for congenital absence of the vagina. The six cases reviewed in this paper were all treated with McIndoe technique. All of 6 women experienced satisfactory sexual activity and were satisfied with vaginal depth following vaginal creation using a split thickness skin graft technique. Despite the existence of several alternative methods, the McIndoe technique is a relatively simple and highly successful procedure and hence is still prefered by many surgeons.
Amenorrhea ; Female ; Humans ; Sexual Behavior ; Skeleton ; Skin ; Transplants ; Uterus ; Vagina*

The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children (TSCYC) including reliability and validity. The TSCYC is an instrument to identify trauma symptoms in children from age 3 to 12 yr by their caretakers. The Korean version of the TSCYC was administered to the caretakers of a normative group of 299 children (137 boys and 162 girls) aged 3 to 12 yr and a traumatized group of 73 sexually abused children (22 boys and 51 girls) aged 3 to 12 yr and their caretakers rated the TSCYC and the Child Behavior Checklist and the Child Sexual Behavior Inventory. Among normative group, 88 performed a re-test after 4 weeks. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha of total scale of the TSCYC was 0.92 (normative group) and 0.96 (traumatized group). For the nine clinical scales in the TSCYC, it ranged between 0.46-0.92 and 0.77-0.96, respectively. Test-retest correlation of the TSCYC was good (Pearson r score ranging 0.52-0.96). Correlations between the TSCYC and other measures of corresponding constructs were satisfactory. Regarding discriminant validity, the mean total score of the TSCYC was significantly higher in the traumatized children than in the normative group. This study demonstrated that Korean version of the TSCYC is a reliable measure with excellent internal consistency and good stability over 4-week test-retest interval. It can be recommended for clinicians to screen for trauma symptoms after child sexual abuse in Korean young children between the ages 3 and 12.
Checklist/*methods ; Child ; Child Abuse, Sexual/*classification ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/classification/*diagnosis ; *Surveys and Questionnaires ; Symptom Assessment/*methods ; *Trauma Severity Indices

No abstract available.
Hypertension, Renovascular*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine a conversion coefficient for Hounsfield Units(HU) to material density (g cm-3) obtained from cone-beam computed tomography (CBMercuRay(TM)) data and to measure the hard tissue density based on the Hounsfield scale on dental head phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT Scanner Phantom (AAPM) equipped with CT Number Insert consists of five cylindrical pins of materials with different densities and teflon ring was scanned by using the CBMercuRay(TM)(Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) volume scanner. The raw data were converted into DICOM format and the HU of different areas of CT number insert measured by using CBWorks(TM). Linear regression analysis and Student t-test were performed statistically. RESULTS: There was no significant difference (P>0.54) between real densities and measured densities. A linear regression was performed using the density, rho (g cm-3), as the dependent variable in terms of the HU(H). The regression equation obtained was rho=0.00072H-0.01588 with an R(2) value of 0.9968. Density values based on the Hounsfield scale was 1697.1+/-24.9 HU in cortical bone, 526.5+/-44.4 HU in trabecular bone, 2639.1+/-48.7 HU in enamel, 1246.1+/-39.4 HU in dentin of dental head phantom. CONCLUSION: CBCT provides an effective option for determination of material density expressed as Hounsfield Units.
Bone Density ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Head ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Tokyo

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis*

The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth changes of ODI and APDI with age on the three facial growth patterns. The biennial serial cephalometric radiographs of 19 male and 14 famale samples with normal occlusion during 10 years were used in this study. The samples were divided into three groups - drop type, neutral type, forward type - by the total change of the Y-axis during the periods of the study. The findings in this investigation indicated the following: 1. The mean values and standard deviations of each age group in each facial type of male and famale were obtained. 2. The difference of ODI and APDI among the 3 facial types was not significant through all observed ages(P>0.05). The size of ODI appeared large consistently in order of the drop, neutral, and forward type in both male and female through all observed ages. 3. The ODI and APDI were maintained without any changes with age during the periods of the study(P>0.05). 4. In correlation analysis between the total change of the Y-axis and 6 measurements, the AB plane angle and facial angle showed correlation in both male and female(P<0.05), the APDI in only female(P<0.001), but the ODI not appeared correlation in either male or female(P>0.05).
Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male

The kidney and balances of fluid and volume are the basic components of bloocl pressure control, and the kidney is the primary site that initiates the hypertensive process and is affected by hypertensive vascular disease. In the kidney, the dopamine is a potent natriuretic and vasodilating agent, participat- ing in renal sodium excretion and maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. And the dopamine receptors in central nervous system and peripheral organs were identified by physiological, biochernical and radioligand binding techniques. Rut previous morphological and biochemical studies have been unable to characterize or determine the tissue distribution of the dopamine receptor subtypes because no selective ligands are available yet. Furthermore, the cellular distribution of the dopamine receptor subtypes in the rat kidney is not demonstrated well. In the SHR, the ability of exogenous and endogenous renal dopamine to engender a natriuresis is impaired. Since renal dopamine levels in genetic models of hypertension are not lower than their normotensive controls, the impaired intrarenal paracrine effect of dopamine in these animal models of hypertension appears to be receptor or postreceptor mediated. And renal dopamine derives mainly from renal tubular dopamine production and to a lesser extent from dopaminergic nerves. The present study utilizes imrnunohistochemistry with specific antibodies to characterize the renal distribution of dopamine receptor subtypes and recognize the role of dopamine receptor defect in the pathogenesis of hypertension in 14-week-old WKY (mean HP 108+/-5mmHg) and SHR (mean RP 174+/-7 mmHg) kidneys. Also it utilizes antibody of tyrosine hyclroxylase (TH) to recognize the site of the dopamine production mediated by TH using light microscopic immunohistochemistry. In the immunohistochemistry of the WKY kidney, dopamine D1 receptor protein is localized to glomerulus, proximal tubule, distal tubule, renal vessels, cortical and medullary collecting duct. And in the SHR kidney, dopamine D1 receptor protein is localized to glomerulus, distal tubule, renal vessels, cortical and medullary collecting duct, and juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA). But there is no demonstrable positive reaction in the proximal tubule and weakly positive reactions in the renal arterioles of SHR compared with WKY kidney. In the immunohisto-chemistry of the WKY kidney, dopamine D1 receptor protein is localized to glomerulus, proxirnal tubule, distal tubule, renal vessels, cortical and rnedullary collecting duct. And in the SHR kidney, dopamine D2 receptor protein is localized to glomerulus, distal tubule, renal vessels, cortical and medullary collecting duct, and JGA. So, there is no demonstrable positive reaction in the proximal tubule of SHR compared with WKY. In the glomerulus of the WKY and SHR kidneys, both dopamine D1 and D2 receptors are localized. In the in situ hybridization of the WKY and SHR kidneys, dopamine D and D receptors are only demonstrated at the renal vessels. The positive reaction to TH immunohistochemistry of the WKY and SHR kidneys is only observed in the renal medulla compared with negative reaction on the renal cortex. Considering the excretion of sodium up to 65-70% with volume expansion may be mediated by dopamine D1-like receptors in the proximal tubule, our immunohistochemistry findings for the dopamine receptors may support the failure of natriuretic response in the SHR due to an abnormal dopamine receptor. Also our results rnay mean that the glornerular filtration rate is mediated by both dopamine D1 and Dz receptors comparing with the previous studies that the glomerular filtration rate was mediated by dopamine D2 receptor. I'here are some differences in the receptors expressing sites on the previous radioligand binding and pharmacologic studies, but our results suggest that at least some of the renal dopamine DA and DAz receptors correspond structurally to the central dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. Finally the result of TH immunohisto-chemistry suggests that the production of dopamine in the proximal tubule is not mediated by TH.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Arterioles ; Central Nervous System ; Dopamine* ; Filtration ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Homeostasis ; Hypertension ; Immunohistochemistry* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ; Kidney* ; Ligands ; Models, Animal ; Models, Genetic ; Natriuresis ; Rats* ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Receptors, Dopamine ; Receptors, Dopamine D1 ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Sodium ; Tissue Distribution ; Tyrosine ; Vascular Diseases

PURPOSE: The purpose of this trial was to determine whether salbtamol and budesonide combined inhalation therapy is more efficacious than conservative treatment for admitted infants with bronchiolitis in early phase. METHODS: The study subjects were 72 infants admitted to Sun Hospital in Taejeon from July 1994 to June 1995, whose age from 1 month to 12 months with clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Infants were randomly assigned to different three treatment groups as follw: Group C: 21 infants who received conservative treatment with oxygen (4liter/min); Group A: 23 infants who received salbutamol (0.1mg/kg) inhalation therapy using ultrasonic nebulizer at 6 hours interval add to conservative therapy; Group B: 28 infants who received budesonide (0.1mg/kg) inhalation therapy with above mentioned treatment at 12 hours interval. Then, infants were analyzed by comparison of clinical score, repiratory rate at time order of entry, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 5 days after treatment. We also compared ABGA of admission time to 24 hours after treatment of all groups and appreciate total hospital days of three groups. On follow up, same analyzing methods of comparison were used on 42 non-recurrent wheezing infants. RESULTS: The mean values of clinical score and respiratory rate were significantly improved in salbutamol and budesonide inhalation treatment group at 24 hours from medium of 6.1 60.7/min to 2.4, 42.3/min respectly. This effect was sustained thereafter. On the while, salbutamol inhalation group was significantly improved the clinical score and respiratory reate at 12 hours after therapy, but thereafter there was no obvious difference to conservative treatment. After then we exclude the recurrent infants and analyzed above mentioned items retrospectively. The improvement of clinical score and respiratory rate of salbutamol and budesonide inhalation therapy group was significant. Oxygenation was improved after 24hours of salbutamol and budesonide inhalation therapy. Total hospital stay was significantly reduced in salbutamol and budesonide inhalation group, and slightly reduced inthe salbutamol inhalation group. CONCLUSION: Infants with bronchiolitis treated with salbutamol and budesonide inhalation achieved better results in clinical score, repiratory rate PO2, and hospital days than no inhalation therapy. No reapiratory failure was occurred. So, this trial as treatment of bronchiolitis may be useful and effective therapy in those infants.
Albuterol* ; Bronchiolitis* ; Budesonide* ; Daejeon ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant* ; Inhalation* ; Length of Stay ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory Sounds ; Respiratory Therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Solar System ; Ultrasonics