Three hundred ten bacterias isolated in significant numbers from the 276 specimens of urine during the period January 1, 1974 through December 31. 1974, were evaluated and the following results were obtained. 1. Of a total of 310 bacterial strains isolated by culture of the urine, 72.9% gram-negative and 27.1% were gram-positive. Isolated organisms include E. coli(28.1%), Klebsiella(16.1%), Streptococcus (13.1%), Staphylococcus (11.2%). Postcolon bacilli (8.1%), Enteaococcus and Pseudomonas (2.3%. each other) in order of frequency. 2. In 34 cases of acute and chronic pyelonephritis, 31 were female and only 3 were male patients. Most frequent causative organism in pyelonephritis was E. coli (61.9%) Klebsiella infection was the second most common infection in urinary tract infection (16.1%). 3. The gram-negative bacilli were relatively susceptible to Gentamicin in a range of 52.2 to 88.5% and to Kanamycin (14.3~82.7%). Penicillin G, Tetracycline and Ampicillin had nearly no effectiveness to gram-negative bacilli in this experiment.
Ampicillin ; Bacteria ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Kanamycin ; Klebsiella Infections ; Male ; Penicillin G ; Pseudomonas ; Pyelonephritis ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus ; Tetracycline ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Clinical staging of bladder malignancy is important in assessing prognosis and planning therapy Clinical staging inaccuracies as high as high as 50% may occur when using resectional biopsy and bimannual examination. Various radiographic techniques have been used to aid in staging, including excretory urography, arteriography, lymphangiography, sonography and cystography. Seidelman et a1. reported an accuracy rate of 81% in C-T staging of bladder tumors. They suggested that C-T may be useful as a routine procedure in the initial staging of bladder malignancy but some others reported diagnostic under- or overstaging by C-T scanning. According to the report of Koss et al., most diagnostic errors in C-T staging of bladder carcinoma were related to the determination of perivesical fat involvement by tumor. Recently we experienced 4 cases of bladder carcinoma that was overstaged by C-T scanning. In 3 patients the scans were performed after cystoscopy and TUR biopsy of tumor mass, and overstaging occurred perhaps secondary to artifacts such as surgical edema produced at the time of TUR biopsy. In the other one, the scan was done before biopsy. All of them was undergone total cystectomy but perivesical or periprostatic fat involvement suggested on C-T scans was not found in the surgical pathological specimens.
Angiography ; Artifacts ; Biopsy ; Cystectomy ; Cystoscopy ; Diagnostic Errors ; Edema ; Humans ; Lymphography ; Prognosis ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urography

15 male patients who received total cystectomy with ileal conduit for bladder tumor were reviewed in relation to the incidence of urethral involvement. Of 15 patients six had recurrent transitional cell carcinoma in the urethral remnant among them one (1/15) received subsequent therapeutic urethrectomy and remaining 5 patients underwent delayed therapeutic urethrectomy after confirmation of urethral tumor but 9 of the 15 had only received total cystectomy. We concluded that the remaining urethra might constitute a potential hazard for further tumor formation. We believe that prophylactic urethrectomy is the way to prevent the recurrence of the malignancy who have multiple tumors, concurrent upper tract tumors, and involvement of the trigone or prostatic urethra.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cystectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Recurrence ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Diversion*

Malakoplakia of the bladder is an extremely rare condition in which there are multiple round or oval, plaque like or occasionally polypoid projections of the mucosa and submucosa which may be mistaken for cancer. It is believed to be infectious in origin, secondary to a deficiency of intracellular lysosomal digestion. There is often a clinical history of urinary tract infection, and the condition is considered to be an atypical form of granulomatous response to Gram negative coliform infection. We report a case of malakoplakia of the bladder clinically simulating malignant tumor, which was treated successfully with transurethral resection and antibiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Digestion ; Malacoplakia* ; Mucous Membrane ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Tract Infections

Pain in an extremity that develops following trauma, infection, thrombophlebitis and many other leaions has been recognized for years and designated by a variety of names. These syndromes appear to have the same physiopathology and response to therapy. All of them are characterized by exeessive unduly prolonged pain, vasomotor and other autonomic disturbances, delayed recovery of function and trophic changes. We have treated two cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. One case was only treated by stellate gangUon block repeated 26 times and the other case required surgical thoracic sympathectomy for complete recovery after 60 repeated stellate ganglion blocks. We report these two cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy and review the literature.
Extremities ; Recovery of Function ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy* ; Reflex* ; Stellate Ganglion ; Sympathectomy ; Thrombophlebitis

There are many theonies regarding the etiology of idiopathic facial paralysis(Bell's palsy), but none will bear close examination at the present time. Quite possibly a proportion of causes should be classified as due to the herpes virtus. Herpes zoster is commonly known as a benign viral disease affecting the sensory nerves, but less well known is that this viral infection also caused muscle paralysis, in a not significant number of patients. There is increasing evidence that sympathetic blocks performed during the acute stage of herpes zoster infection shorten the eruptive phase of the disease and decreases the incidence of post herpetic neuralgia. Early treatment is particularly important in elderly patients in whom the incidence of long standing postherpetic pain is extremely high. The aim of treatment of Bell's palsy is to reduce edema and improve circulation to be facial nerve. Stellate ganglion block resulted in abolishing cerebral vascular spasm and in increasing cerebral blood flow. Thus stellate ganglion block is effective in treatment of Bell's palsy. This patient with herpes zoster associated with idopathic complete Bell's palsy was treated by repeat stellate ganglion block with 1% lidocaine and excellent result were noted.
Aged ; Bell Palsy ; Edema ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Paralysis* ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine ; Neuralgia ; Paralysis ; Spasm ; Stellate Ganglion* ; Virus Diseases

Tuberculosis of the penis is an extremely rare disease. In 1878 Fournier reported the first case and up to 1971 only 139 cases had been reported. In Korea there were some cases but no report was made in the era of antituberculous drugs. We report a case of tuberculosis of the penis and review the literature briefly.
Korea ; Male ; Penis* ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculosis*

We assessed cyst fluid of 14 cases of simple renal cyst. The aspirates were analyzed for color, lipid. protein, glucose, lactic acid dehydrogenase(LDH), amylase, electrolytes and Papanicolaou smears and cell blocks were performed. A clear amber fluid with minimal lipid content, LDH lower than that of blood and a normal cell pattern on Papanicolaou stain and cell block which are characteristics of transudate were seen in all cases. Although the number of cases are insufficient, it would appear that the content of simple renal cyst is identical to that of transudate.
Amber ; Amylases ; Cyst Fluid ; Electrolytes ; Exudates and Transudates ; Glucose ; Lactic Acid ; Papanicolaou Test

Adenomatoid tumor is extremely rare benign neoplasm occurring in the genital tract. They are mesothelial origin tumors and frequently found in the testis, epididymis, tunica vaginalis, or spermatic cord in male. But most adenomatoid tumors are found near or in epididymis. While in female they are usually located in the fallopian tube, uterus, and ovary. Adenomatoid tumors are usually small, firm or solid, and asymptomatic, these are clinically found or routine physical examination. They are usually less than 2cm in diameter, but may measure up to 5cm, Histologically the tumor consists of tubules and gland like spaces lined with cuboidal or flattened in a fibrous stroma. The tumor was first described and adenomyoma by Sakaguchi in 1915. Since that time there have been numerous case reports of similar tumors. But the term, adenomatoid tumor, introduced by Golde and Ash in 1945 seems to have been even more widely used. Recently we experienced a case of adenomatoid tumor of epididymis, which was found incidentally during physical examination and confirmed by excisional biopsy in a patient who complained lower abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenomatoid Tumor* ; Adenomyoma ; Biopsy ; Epididymis* ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ovary ; Physical Examination ; Spermatic Cord ; Testis ; Uterus

We discovered two plastic tubes which were used as masturbating tools in the bladder. The following is a report of two young boys who slipped plastic tubes into the bladder through the urethra for the purpose of masturbation and lost them in the bladder while attempting to remove them. Case 1. : Y. D. S., 18 years-old, Admitted because of hematuria for 5 days. Cystoscopically, the bladder showed diffuse hyperemia and a coiled calcified plastic tube. It was removed by operation. The length of the tube was 0.58m and the diameter was O.4 cm. Case 2. : K. S. K., 18 years-old. Admitted because of urinary incontinence for 4 months. Cystoscopically. the bladder showed diffuse hyperemia and a coiled calcified plastic tube. It was removed by surgical operation. The length of the tube was 1.2m and the diameter was 0.5cm.
Adolescent ; Foreign Bodies* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Masturbation ; Plastics ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence