No abstract available.
Osteoporosis*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Liver*

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) an lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis were treated with shock waves. The patients were evaluated by assessing of pain using visual analog scale (VAS) and a simple elbow test (SET). Overall clinical outcomes were evaluated using Roles and Maudsley scores at 12 months after ESWT. RESULTS: Significant symptom improvement were observed in 20 (83%) patients at the 12 months follow up according to the Roles and Maudesley scores. Average SET and VAS scores were also significantly improved after ESWT (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that shock waves therapy could be considered as an effective and noninvasive treatment modality for refractory lateral epicondylitis of the elbow.
Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Shock ; Tennis Elbow* ; Tennis* ; Visual Analog Scale

Segmental neurofibromatosis is a rare disorder characterized by cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibrobmas, or only neurofibroma, limited to one region of the body. Disease-associated systemic involvement is uncommon. Most patients with segmental neurofibromatosis do not have a family history of neurofibromatosis. In Korea, there have been 3 reported cases of segmental neurofibromatosis. None of them had caf6-au-fait spots, systemic involvement, or family history. This report describes a case of segmental neurofibromatosis in a 25-year-old woman who had Becker's nevus-like cafe-au-lait spots and this was linked to the presence of Fanconi's syndrome in a second degree relative of the patient.
Adult ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor (TGF)- has a large variety of biological functions, including the modulation of inflammation and the immune system, and is presumed to play important roles in repairing wounds and reducing scarring. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of TGF-1 on healing wounds and reducing scarring. We have also analysed the ability of the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) liposome mediated antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to specifically inhibit wound-induced expressions of TGF-1 proteins and mRNA in the rat skin. METHODS: Skin wounds were created on the backs of 80 anesthetized rats. The first group of wounds, as the controls, was unmanipulated. The second group of wounds, as positive controls or an excessive scarring model, was injected with TGF-1 subcutaneously. The third group of wounds was injected with anti-TGF-1 antibody subcutaneously. The fourth group of wounds was injected with HVJ liposome mediated antisense ODNs for TGF-1 subcutaneously. The wounds of all groups were bisected and analysed histologically 5, 10, 15, 30, and 50 days after the wounds were made. RESULTS: All control wounds (TGF-1 or no injection) healed with scarring, whereas the wounds treated with the antibody or antisense ODNs healed with less scar formation compared to the control group. The wounds treated with the antibody or antisense ODNs had fewer macrophages, less collagen and fibronectin contents than the other wounds. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization analysis showed that wound sites treated with HVJ liposome mediated antisense ODNs for TGF-1 exhibited decreased levels of TGF-1 mRNA after injury. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an important new approach to controlling scarring in normal wound healing, complementing the practice of adding exogenous growth factors to chronic wounds in the attempt to inhibit collagen deposition.
Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cicatrix* ; Collagen ; Complement System Proteins ; Fibronectins ; Genetic Therapy* ; Immune System ; In Situ Hybridization ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Liposomes ; Macrophages ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Oligoribonucleotides ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger ; Sendai virus ; Skin ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treating orbital lesions with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS). METHODS: Between April 2004 and January 2006, ten patients who had orbital tumors or vascular lesions and who underwent GKS were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS: Ten patients with orbital lesions were treated with GKS. The group of orbital lesions consisted of 5 meningiomas, 2 schwannomas, 1 cavernous hemangioma, 1 arteriovenous fistula, and 1 adenoidcystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. The most common symptom was proptosis. The tumors were located at the orbital apex in eight patients, and five of these patients were treated with fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery. The mean cumulative marginal dose was 17.0 Gy (12-20 Gy), and the mean cumulative maximal dose was 30.8 Gy (16.2-40.4 Gy). The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 25 months (mean 13.9 months). During the follow-up period, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a decrease of tumor volume in 3 patients with symptomatic improvement. In two patients, tumor volume increased. No radiation-induced optic neuropathy, retinopathy, or cataract was observed in any of the 10 patients during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Gamma knife radiosurgery is an effective and relatively safe treatment when orbital lesions have a high risk of neurosurgical deficits with surgery, when they recur after incomplete resection, or when complete removal of tumor is impossible.
Arteriovenous Fistula ; Cataract ; Exophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma ; Neurilemmoma ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Orbit ; Radiosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Burden

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to assess the efficacy of a bioabsorbable polylactide (PLA) plate and screw for treating injuries of ankle fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS:24 patients who underwent an open reduction and internal fixation operation for ankle fractures from July 2005 to March 2007 were enrolled into the study. There were 15 men and 9 women. The average age of the patients was 44 years and the average follow-up period was 16 years and two months (16.2 months). All cases were divided into low grade fracture patient (11) who belongs in type A and B of Danis-Weber classification and high grade fracture patient (13) who belongs in type C1, C2 of Danis-Weber classification, and each groups were analyzed by clinical (Meyer score) and radiological finding at the time of their last follow-up evaluation. RESULTS:The clinical results according to Meyer scoring system, showed that all patient with low grade fracture had good to excellent result, but only 54% of patient with high grade fracture had good to excellent result. According to Cedell's radiologic finding, there were 91% cases above fair in low grade fracture. But there were 62% of patient above fair result in high grade fracture, the reduction losses were seen in 38% of patient with high grade fracture. CONCLUSION: Bioabsorbable PLA plate and screw is good internal fixation device which doesn't have additional operation for removal of implant because of slow absorption within the human body. It showed sufficient strength for acquisition and maintenance of reduction in low grade fracture, but need attention to use because of many cases of reduction loss in high grade fracture. So, it seems to be safe and effective when used in heeling of low grade fracture under considering about type of fracture sufficiently.
Absorption ; Animals ; Ankle ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heel ; Human Body ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Polyesters

Pain is a sensory experience that is subjective and individual. It frequently exceeds its protective function and becomes destructive. We have met one case of causalgia, three cases of Buergers disease, and one case of arteriosclerosis obliterance. They sufferred from persistent pain and exkausted with the marked distrophy of affected limbs. Management of these patient involving lower limbs is a continuing challenge. Many other therapheutic procedures could be tried for these patients, but we tried chemical lumbar sympathectomy for these cases. With respect to the lower extremity, four patients had neurolysis of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ipsilateral or 2nd and 3rd bilateral lumbar ganglia using 3 to 5 ml pure alcohol for each space under the image intensifier. Immediately after these procedure, rest pain has relieved dramatically in most cases and marked skin temperature rising. This implied increased peripheral blood flow of sympathectomised portion and the relief of rest pain is probably explained by destrcution of the afferent pain fibres running with the sympathetic trunk.
Arteriosclerosis ; Causalgia ; Extremities ; Ganglia ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Running ; Skin Temperature ; Sympathectomy* ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans