Anatomically olecranon fracture is an intra-articular fracure, so reduction must be exact. Using the principle of Zuggurtungsosteosynthese by Weber, Pauwels' clinical study of olecranon fracture showed the superiority of tension band. 15 patients with olecranon fracture of the ulna who were treated with tension band and could be followed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Han Il Hospital from January, 1974 to December, 1980 have been reviewed. The result obtained is as follows. We obtained the more rigid fixation with modifying the standard tension band locating the end of K-wire in the cortex of opposite side cortex of ulna. So, the result of treatment was satisfactory.
Clinical Study ; Humans ; Olecranon Process ; Orthopedics ; Ulna

Of the 166 cases of suspected cosmetic contact dermatitis, 92 showed positive reactions to one or more of the allergens of the commercial test kits or patients, own coametics by patch test. Tincture of benzoin, ammoniated mercury, cinnamic alcohol and benzyl salicylate were the most commonly identified agents. By product category, skin care produts dominated as the cause of the cosmetic conact dermatitis. However, it was suspected that the most common sensitizer may be present in the eye-make up preparations. The positive rate of foreign cosmetics was more than 2 fold higher than the domestic ones.
Allergens ; Benzoin ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Humans ; Patch Tests* ; Skin Care

Background: In Mason classification type II radial head fractures, compared to plate fixation, fixation with cannulated headless screws and absorbable pins has been reported to provide more favorable postoperative outcomes, including less postoperative limitation in range of motion. The fact that radial head fractures are less prone to weight-bearing during fracture union further supports the use of absorbable screws as a suitable alternative treatment option in radial head fractures. This study aimed to perform fixation through open reduction using bioabsorbable magnesium screws for Mason type II radial head fractures and to report radiographic and clinical results. Methods: Among patients who visited the orthopedic department from April 2017 to August 2021, 22 with surgical indications were selected for participation. Radiographic tests were conducted at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, and over 1 year after surgery to confirm the degree of bone union, reduction loss, and degree of H 2 gas production. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), hand grip power, and range of joint motion were measured at the 6-month follow-up to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the operation. Results: Bone union was confirmed in all 22 cases, and the mean time to union was 10.2 weeks. DASH score was 22.27 on average and no patients complained of significant discomfort after the surgery. The mean MEPS was 91.1. The hand grip power of the affected hand was similar to that of the unaffected hand, being 1.19% weaker on average. These differences reached statistical significance (p = 0.002). The range of elbow joint motion was measured: mean flexion, 146.1°; mean extension, 1.4°; mean pronation, 88.2°; and mean supination, 87.9°. Conclusions In treating Mason type II radial head fractures, the use of bioabsorbable screws made of magnesium showed satisfactory results in radiographic and clinical evaluations. Magnesium bioabsorbable screws can maintain sufficient stability at the fracture site and have the advantage of avoiding secondary operation for the removal of internal fixation devices.

Total knee arthroplasty is indicated for painful joints, with or without deformity, secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, and certain other forms of nonseptic arthropathy. Many patients with arthritic knees have symetrical involvement and thus require a bilateral operation. Staged bilateral arthroplastis were performed with many drawbacks such as prolonged hospitalization, repeated anesthetic risks, and increased cost. Simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty under one anesthesia by two teams offers several advantages over staged procedure. We studied the results of 145 total knee arthroplasties, performed over a five-year period, to compare unilateral(group I;45 knees), staged bilateral(group II; 24 knees), and simultaneous bilateral arthroplasties(group III; 76 knees) by 2 team approach. Duration of mean follow-up was 1 year and 9 months. The results are as flollows; 1. The mean anesthetic times were 189 minutes, 312 minutes, and 218 minutes for the group I,II,III, respectively. 2. The mean blood loss was 1075ml for the group I, 1644ml for the group II, and 1902ml for the group III. 3. The hospitalization period was 74.1 days in two stage procedures, while it was 48.6 days in simultaneous bilateral procedures. 4. Knee scores by Knee Rating Scale of Hospital for Special Surgery were increased to 85.3 points, 80.7 points, and 85.4 points for group I,II,III, respectively. 5. There were no difference in complication among three groups. 6. Group III had advantages such as reduced anesthetic risk, reduced rehabilitation period, and decreased cost.
Anesthesia ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Rehabilitation

External dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) has been a main surgery for epiphora since its introduction, offering the advantages of the complete formation of the ostium, the formation of flap, and potential application in all cases suffering from chronic epiphora although the disadvantages of postoperative morbidity and a cutaneous scar. In this study, the authors report the extent of patient's content for epiphora and skin scar in 131 cases treated with external DCR perfomed on 112 patients between december 1994 and January 1996. DCR incision followed the periorbital relaxed skin gension lines in order to minimize cutaneous scar. External DCR were combined with silicone intubation of the lacrimal drainage system. The medical records of all patients undergoing external DCR procedures were reviewed retrospectively in detail. the authors asked about postoperative epiphora and skin sacr through the questionnaire or the telephone. Phtients with follow-up periods less than 6 months or conjunctivo-dacryocystorhinostomy were not included in the study. Of 131 cases, 126 were improved for epiphora in comparision with preoperative state after a single attempt, yielding a success rate of 96.2%. Of 131 cases, 129(98.2%) did not express discontent for skin scar. Although endonasal DCR is considered as an increasingly attractive alternative to external DCR, external DCR is still a good procedure to treat epiphora in unexperienced surgeon for endonasal DCR.
Cicatrix* ; Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intubation ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* ; Medical Records ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicones ; Skin* ; Telephone

The argon laser is widely used to coagulate the diabetic retina in order to inhibit the progression of diabetic retinopathy. To compare the electrophysiological changes of the photocoagulated retina according to the level of intraocular pressure(IOP), the right eyes of 24 pigmented rabbits underwent retinal photocoagulation with an argon laser. Retinal function was assessed electroretinographically at 4 weeks after retinal photocoagulation before treatment and under elevated IOP(40 mmHg, 60 mmHg, 80 mmHg) for 4 hours. In the 40 mmHg group, the amplitude of the a-, b-, oscillatory potentials(OPs) of the photocoagulated eyes showed a more rapid drop than the control eyes, and there was no recovery stage seen in the control eyes. In the 60 mmHg group the amplitude of the a-wave, b-wave, and OPs of photocoagulated eyes showed a rapid drop and were abolished after 3.5 hours, but that of the control eyes showed biphasic changes; first, a rapid drop with the same velocity as the photocoagulated eyes during the first 2 hours, then a steady stage for the last 1.5 hours. In the 80 mmHg group, electroretinogram was totally abolished within 20 minutes after elevation of IOP in both eyes. The above results showed that the photocoagulated eyes treated 4 weeks ago were more vulnerable to elevated IOP than the control, healthy eyes.
Argon ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Light Coagulation ; Ocular Hypertension* ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor (TGF)- has a large variety of biological functions, including the modulation of inflammation and the immune system, and is presumed to play important roles in repairing wounds and reducing scarring. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of TGF-1 on healing wounds and reducing scarring. We have also analysed the ability of the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) liposome mediated antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to specifically inhibit wound-induced expressions of TGF-1 proteins and mRNA in the rat skin. METHODS: Skin wounds were created on the backs of 80 anesthetized rats. The first group of wounds, as the controls, was unmanipulated. The second group of wounds, as positive controls or an excessive scarring model, was injected with TGF-1 subcutaneously. The third group of wounds was injected with anti-TGF-1 antibody subcutaneously. The fourth group of wounds was injected with HVJ liposome mediated antisense ODNs for TGF-1 subcutaneously. The wounds of all groups were bisected and analysed histologically 5, 10, 15, 30, and 50 days after the wounds were made. RESULTS: All control wounds (TGF-1 or no injection) healed with scarring, whereas the wounds treated with the antibody or antisense ODNs healed with less scar formation compared to the control group. The wounds treated with the antibody or antisense ODNs had fewer macrophages, less collagen and fibronectin contents than the other wounds. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization analysis showed that wound sites treated with HVJ liposome mediated antisense ODNs for TGF-1 exhibited decreased levels of TGF-1 mRNA after injury. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an important new approach to controlling scarring in normal wound healing, complementing the practice of adding exogenous growth factors to chronic wounds in the attempt to inhibit collagen deposition.
Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cicatrix* ; Collagen ; Complement System Proteins ; Fibronectins ; Genetic Therapy* ; Immune System ; In Situ Hybridization ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Liposomes ; Macrophages ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Oligoribonucleotides ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger ; Sendai virus ; Skin ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries

Carthamus tinctorius L. is commonly known as safflower. This plant is cultivated mainly for its seed, which is used as essential oil and hot water extract. C. tinctorius has recently been shown to have antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities. C. tinctorius seed is known as a relatively nontoxic material that is not associated with fatal adverse effects. We experienced a successful outcome in a 62-year-old male patient who was a victim of poisoning due to ingestion of C. tinctorius seed and undergone fatal adverse effects. He ate C. tinctorius seed mixed with alcohol and became lethargic state. In the emergency department, cardiac arrest with pulseless ventricular tachycardia occurred. He was treated by cardiopulmonary resuscitation with cardiac defibrillation. After return of spontaneous circulation, he was managed conservatively and was discharged without deficits approximately ten days after onset.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Carthamus tinctorius* ; Eating ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plants ; Poisoning ; Tachycardia, Ventricular* ; Water

Clinicla observation was made on 277 children with convulsion who were admitted to the Pediatric Department of Chosun University Hospital during 3 years period from Jan, 1975 to Dec. 1977. There were 165 boys and 122 girls and the results were as follow: 1. The incidence of convulsive disorders among the admission patients were 19.8% 2. The most common cause of convulsion in children was febrile convulsion.(27.8%) 3. Tetanus neonatorum was the most common cuase of convulsion in neonatal period(41.1%) 4. Febrle convulsion was the most frequent cause from 1 month to 6 month(42%) 5. The most common cause of convulsion in 6 months to 2years was febrile convulsion(46.6%). 6. In children from 2 years, to 6 years idiopathic epilepsy was the most frequent casue of convulsion.(27%). 7. Idiopathic epilepsy was the most common cause of convulsion from 6 years to 15 years(41.1%) 8. Convulsion was most frequent in children from 6 month to 2 years(26.4%) 9. The most etiologic factor of febrile convulsions were bronchopneunia, pharyngotonsillitis, diarrhea imbalance and sepsis etc.
Child* ; Diarrhea ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Seizures* ; Seizures, Febrile ; Sepsis ; Tetanus

BACKGROUND: As evidence-based medicine is getting popular recently, the importance of randomized controlled trial as a research methodology is also getting highlighted. This study was conducted in order to identify the status quo of randomized controlled trial research in major domestic journals and to provide baseline data for constructing Korean clinical trial database such CCTR (Cochrane Clinical Trial Registry). METHODS: Five journals issued by domestic publication industry were selected, out of which 127,560 original articles, equal to 253 volumes, were investigated. The author extracted the articles, which performed prospective clinical trial, targeting human beings. The selected papers were analyzed with experts to single out randomized controlled trial among them. Furthermore, the quality of the re-selected ones were assessed according to Jadad Quaility Assessment Scale. RESULTS: After analysis, it turned out that the number of papers adopting prospective clinical trial were 406 volumes (3.2%) of 12,760 and that they increased from 157 in 1980s to 224 in 1990s. However, the percentage of prospective clinical trial monographs, introduced during 1980s and 1990s, remained 2.0 to 4.0. The number of randomized controlled trial-based papers were 115, accounting for 0.9% of total articles. The number of RCT increased to approximately two fold from 1980s to 1990s. Quality analysis showed that among a total of 115 RCT papers, those of scoring 1 and 3 were 16 (13.9%), 82 articles obtained score 2 (72.2%). There was no papers, which won the marks of 4 and 5. CONCLUSION: It was found that domestic randomized controlled trial research was weak both in number and quality. Therefore, it is necessary to activate clinical medicine study with good quality to upgrade the amount and quality of monographs.
Clinical Medicine ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Publications ; Research Design