Background: Acinetobacter spp are present everywhere in the environment and cause many epidemics in tropical countries.\r\n', u'Objectives: This study aims to learn about the status of multidrug resistance in ubiquitous and domination acinetobacter Spp caused nosocomial infections. Subjects and method: A descriptive, epidemiologic cross-sectional study on 65 nosocomial Acinetobacter spp isolated from 244 patients hospitalized at the intensive-care units, Bach Mai hospital and burn patients from the National Burn Institute from April, 2007 to May, 2008. Results: Rates of A.baumannii were 70.8% of the isolates. Acinetobacter spp were isolated from patients in intensive-care units showed resistant to almost all commercially available antibiotics groups, among Penicillin ranged from 94.6 to 97.4%; beta- Lactam ranged from 80.5 to 90%; Cephems were 97.6%; Aminoglycosides group ranged from 62.5 to 100% and Quinolon were 100%. The isolates that were susceptible to Netilmycin was 35% and Imipenem was 34.1%. Acinetobacter spp were isolated from burn patients, which showed resistant to Penicillin was 86, 7%; beta- Lactam was 93, 3%; Aminoglyco- sides ranged from 25% to 87.5% and Quinolon was 81,3%. The isolates were susceptible to Netilmycin was 75% and Imipenem was 31.3%. \r\n', u'Conclusion: Analysis of risk factors may help the study of epidemiology Acinetobacter to prevent hospital infections and reduce the mortality rate. \r\n', u'
Acinetobacter spp ; nosocomial infections

Background: Strains caused by hospital-acquired infections as acommon rule havehigh multiantimicrobial resistance andincrease the dispersal risks ofthese strains. Objectives: To learn about the status of multidrug resistance in ubiquitous and dominant pseudomonas aeruginosa in Ha Noi hospital. Subjects and method: 138nosocomial Pseudomonas aerug.\r\n', u'Results:114 nosocomial Pseudomonas aerug- inosa isolates from Hanoi hospital were studied in relation to their antibiotic susceptibilities and the results showed the ratesof resistance to antibiotics among beta lactams ranged from 29 to 41.7%; quinolones ranged from 45.7% to 47.3%; cephems ranged from 64.1 % to 74.4% and aminoglyy cosides ranged from 41.1 to 74,6%. Of the five dominant serogroups O12 (27.2%); O11 (18.4%); O16 (11.4%); O5 (6.1%) and O2 (5.3%). Multidrug resistance rates in the major serogroups were O16 (100%); O11 (95.2%); and O12 (93.5%).Conclusion: Efforts to monitor antibiotic resistance of hospital bacteria strainsnationalwide, regional and local levels is necessary to provide physicians with the selection of information for effective treatment. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
multidrug resistance ; pseudomonas aeruginosa ;

Background: Hypertensive with impaired fasting glucose is the basic expression of metabolic syndrome. Objectives: To study the IR and the correlation between Fasting Plasma Insulin (FPI) and Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) concentration in hypertensive patients with Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG). Subjects and method: The descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 38 hypertensive patients with IFG (IFG group) and 30 hypertensive patients without IFG (control group). The data were collected and analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software. Results:The FPI and IR index in the IFG group were 14.6+/-5.2 micro mol/ml and 3. 94+/- l.40, respectively, higher than in the control group (9.6+/-4.2 micro mol/ml and 2.17+/-0.99/ respectively) with p<0.00l. There was a positive correlation between FPI and FPG systolic blood and diastolic blood pressure/ with correlation coefficients were 0.4/ 0.48 and 0.46/ respectively (p<0.00l). Conclusion: There was an increase of FPI and IR index in the hypertensive patients with IFG compared to those without IFG. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Insulin resistance ; hypertensive patients ; impaired fasting glucose.

Background: In the past decades, preventive medicine had achieved significant success by promoting the effective prevention. However, we were facing with the rising again of dangerous infectious diseases that had been controlled. Ministry of Health had approved the development support project for preventive medicine system to strengthen early detection and control diseases in time. Objectives: To survey the manpower and the demand for training in basic microbiology technique of Centres for preventive medicine. Subjects and method: Technicians of 29 centres for preventive medicine in North provinces were surveyed and the results were studied by the described cross method. Results: Number of technicians graduated difference, fluctuated from 3 to 14 person per unit. The women were 80.4%; men were 19.6%. The staff who have degrees of postgraduate was 5.3%; University graduated was 41.2%; middle-ranking was 53.6%. Their specialities were very different: medicine doctor was 15.2%; biologists were 8.8%. The rest were nurse, technicians convalesce nurse, Medical Public Health...(34.4%). Among the demand for obtain the train in Microbiology, basic and advance labiratory techniques, 19.4% were the requests for training in basic microbiology; 16.4% were for molecular technology; 21.4% were for bacterium isolate technology and 19.4% were for virus technology. Conclusion: The results were the basis of creating a appropriate technical training strategy to contribute to the success of the project.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Education

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with twin pregnancy following day 3 double embryo transfer (DET). Methods: This retrospective cohort study incorporated data from 16,972 day 3 DET cycles. The participants were women aged between 18 and 45 years who underwent in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) at My Duc Assisted Reproduction Technique Unit (IVFMD), My Duc Hospital, located in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Results: Of the 16,972 day 3 DET cycles investigated, 8,812 (51.9%) resulted in pregnancy. Of these, 6,108 cycles led to clinical pregnancy, with 1,543 (25.3% of clinical pregnancies) being twin pregnancies. Factors associated with twin pregnancy included age under 35 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32 to 1.71; p<0.001) and cycles involving the transfer of at least one grade I embryo. Relative to the transfer of two grade III embryos, the risk of twin pregnancy was significantly elevated following the transfer of two grade I embryos (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.69; p<0.001) or a combination of one grade I and one grade II embryo (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.55; p=0.001). Conclusion By analyzing a large number of IVF/ICSI cycles, we identified several predictors of twin pregnancy. These findings can assist medical professionals in tailoring treatment strategies for couples with infertility.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of hyperandrogenism (HA) on the outcomes of ovulation induction (OI) using gonadotropin and intrauterine insemination (IUI) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including 415 patients undergoing OI using gonadotropin and IUI treatment between January 2018 and December 2020 at a single infertility center. Baseline characteristics, clinical and laboratory parameters, and pregnancy outcomes were investigated. Results: Among the study population, there were 105 hyperandrogenic (25.3%) and 310 non-hyperandrogenic patients (74.7%). The live birth rate was lower in the HA group than in the non-HA group, but this difference did not reach statistical significance due to the limited sample size (14.3% vs. 21.0%, relative risk=0.68; 95% CI, 0.41–1.14, p=0.153). No predictive factors for live birth were identified through logistic regression analysis. Conclusion HA did not negatively affect the outcomes of OI using gonadotropin and IUI cycles in Vietnamese women with PCOS. The result may not be applicable elsewhere due to the large variation in the characteristics of women with PCOS across races and populations.

Background: Vietnamese herbs are considered as a botanical resource, a precious medicinal source of our country, and are widely used in the residential community in general. Phu Vang district is a coastal plain and lagoon in Thua Thien Hue province, where people’s living standards are not high, health facilities lack equipment. Therefore, the needs for primary health care are necessary to be strengthened, especially in the treatment of common diseases using Vietnamese herbs to reduce costs and improve health for the people. However, the knowledge of the local residents about Vietnamese herbs preventing and treating common diseases at home has not been surveyed. Objectives: (1) To describe the knowledge, attitude and practice on the use of Vietnamese herbs used in the treatment of common diseases of residents in some communes of Phu Vang district. (2) To determine some factors related to the use of Vietnamese herbs in the treatment of common diseases among the residents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 residents representing the heads of households in three communes of Phu Vang district, Thua Thien Hue province, Thua Thien Hue province. Descriptive statistical analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed with SPSS software. Results: Knowledge: Good: 45.2%; Fair: 30.8%; Average: 9.0%; Poor: 2.0%. Attitude: 97.0% of residents preferred using Vietnamese herbs in the treatment of common diseases, and 96.6% of residents agreed to continue using Vietnamese herbs to treat similar diseases later. Practice: Good: 7.8%; Fair: 16.7%; Average: 25.3%; Poor: 50.2%. Receiving information about Vietnamese herbs and growing them at home gardens were two factors related to the use of Vietnamese herbs to treat common diseases (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The practice of using Vietnamese herbs to treat common diseases of the residents in Phu Vang district is still low, it is necessary to strengthen educational propaganda to raise the awareness and practice among residents on the prevention and treatment of diseases with Vietnamese herbs at home.

Surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) is currently one of the most common procedures in in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, a gap between the guidelines and routine clinical practice regarding antibiotic use in SSR, which might lead to antibiotic resistance, is a challenging problem worldwide. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 1, 2021, to July 15, 2021, to investigate antibiotic usage by medical professionals when performing SSR in IVF centers in Vietnam. The confidential questionnaire comprised 12 items, including characteristics of the study population, awareness of antimicrobial resistance, attitude toward prescribing antibiotics, and current practice of prescribing antibiotics when performing SSR. Surveys were completed by 30 of 45 registered IVF centers (66.7%). Among 67 physicians working at those centers, the age and work-experience years (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]) were 38.6 ± 6.6 years and 11.2 ± 7.0 years, respectively. Over 60% of them held a degree in Obstetrics and Gynecology, and over four-fifths were men. Most respondents "often/very often/always" raised awareness of antimicrobial resistance to their patients (83.3%), but only half of them "often/occasionally" prescribed antibiotics to patients with SSR in cases where the prescription would be optional. About one-tenth of respondents followed the recommendation from the American Urological Association using "prophylaxis only" for SSR patients. For more invasive SSR, physicians tended to prescribe more complicated and sometimes inappropriate regimens. In conclusion, antibiotic usage in SSR was not always appropriate among IVF centers. Further studies may define specific recommendations for regimens, intervention strategies, and programs to promote appropriate antibiotic use for SSR patients among IVF specialists.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Sperm Retrieval ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Semen ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'