The study was carried out in 65 aplastic anemia patients admitted into B¹ch Mai hospital during the period 1995-1999 on the issues of immunological characteristics. The results can be summarized as follows: The count of lymphocytes and the majority of sub-groups of lymphocytes were decreased compared with the control group (p<0.05 - 0.01). The TCD4/TCD8 ratio is decrease compared with the control group. The level of IgG in plasma increased. In the bone marrow, the count of subgroup of lymphocytes decreased compared with the control group. Comparing between peripheral blood and bone marrow, it can be seen that the percentage of T lymphocytes and its sub-groups decreased significantly. The change of the percentage of B lymphocytes however, it is not significant.
Bone Marrow Diseases ; Etiology

38 Vietnamese adult healthy people studied on peripheral blood and bone marrow material to investigate on hemopoiesis and distribution of blood cells as well as lymphocytic subsets. The results showed that in peripheral blood, the hematologic and lymphocytic count parameters are sames as medical literature. In bone marrow material, nucleated cell count is in strict range with mean value of 54+/- 16G/L. The three common lines of bone marrow are granulocytic, erythrocytic and lymphocytic lines are distributed in distribution of lymphocytic subsets in bone marrow in comparison to peripheral blood. All subsets are more higher than that of peripheral bood about 2.5 to 4 time times with conversely ratio CD4/8.
Bone Marrow ; Blood Cells

Moyamoya disease is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular occlusive disease of unknow n etiology. Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) is a non -invasive ultrasonic examination that can detect the hemodynamic characteristics of intracranial large vessels. At present, there are more applications in screen, auxiliary diagnosis, and surgical outcome assessment in moyamoya disease. This article review s the current applications of TCD in moyamoya disease.

Objective Toinvestigatetheclinicalfeaturesandsurgicalprognosisofmoyamoya syndromeinchildren.Methods Theclinicaldataof12childrenwithmoyamoyasyndromeadmittedto the 307th Hospital of People′s Liberation Army from December 2002 to October 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Eleven of them underwent encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS). A total of 550 children with moyamoya disease in the same period were used as a control group. The clinical characteristics and surgical efficacy of the children with moyamoya syndrome were summarized and concluded by comparing the clinical data of the two groups,including sex,age of onset,initial symptom,progress symptoms, Suzukiinstallments,imagingfeatures,andsurgicalefficacy.Results Themaleandfemaleratioof the children with moyamoya syndrome was 1∶2. Their mean age of onset was 12 ± 5 years old. There were significant differences in the initial symptom (cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage )and disease progress between the children with moyamoya syndrome group and the control group (5/12 vs. 14. 5%[80/550], 3/12 vs. 61. 8%[340/550],and 5/12 vs. 8.7%[48/550],respectively;all P<0. 05). Within the follow-up period,of the 11 children underwent EDAS,7 cases had no further attack,and 4 cases were improved significantly. There was significant difference in the modified Rankin scale (mRS)between the beforeandaftersurgery(0[0,1]vs.2[1,2];P<0.05).Conclusions Theclinicalfeaturesofthe children with moyamoya syndrome have some differences with those with moyamoya disease. Timely and effective EDAS treatment may effectively prevent disease progression and improve the prognosis of patients.

Recent years, China has released a series of policies to encourage drug research and development in pediatric populations, aiming to meet pediatric populations' medical needs. Because of the physical and psychological developmental characteristics, tolerance of aversive feelings when taking medications are different between pediatric population and adults. So pediatric populations are at a relatively higher risk of not taking medications as prescribed when the medication tasted unpleasant. Therefore, sound design and evaluation of oral sensory features have important clinical significance and value in developing pediatric medications. "Technical guidance for the design and evaluation of the oral sensory features of pediatric drugs (trial version) " was released in November 2022, by Centre for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration of China. Based on the guidance, this article will introduce the drafting background and review considerations, hoping to provide reference for the design and evaluation of oral sensory features, and promote drug developing in pediatric population.

Objective: To investigate the stress and coping strategy of rescue surgical staff early after earth-quake. Methods: The self reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) and coping styles questionnaire (CSQ) were distribu-ted to 37 surgical staff and 44 psychiatric staff (the control group) in Chengdu City 2 weeks after Wenchuan earth-quake. The results were analyzed by t test, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results: The grades of rescue surgical staff in SRQ-20 and negative coping styles factor was higher than that of the psychiatric staff [(9.3±4.7)vs.(3.2±3.9), (29.8±6.2) vs.(26.1±7.1); Ps<0.05] . The SRQ-20 score in rescue surgical staffs was positively correlated with negative coping styles factor (r=0.50, P=0.002) and age (R~2=0.168, P=0.012) . Conclusion: Surgical staff, especially the elder, have more intensive acute stress reaction. It is essential to publicize psychologic knowledge and improve mental health of surgical staff.

Objective To investigated the application value in the efficacy evaluation of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) for moyamoya disease. Methods The patients with moyamoya disease treated with EDAS conducted digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and TCD examinations before procedure and at 6 months after procedure respectively. The pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and mean flow velocity (MFV) before and after the superficial temporal artery surgery were measured respectively. The correlation between the TCD parameter variation rate and DSA efficacy grading was evaluated. Using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to calculate the optimal cut-off value of the TCD parameters for predicting the operation efficacy. Results A total of 46 patients with moyamoya disease were enroled, 40 patients were bilateral hemisphere involvement and 6 were unilateral involvement. A total of 86 hemispheres were treated with EDAS. According to the results of DSA reexaminations, the grades of efficacy were as folows: grade 0, 18 sides, grade 1, 37 sides, grade 2, 18 sides, and grade 3, 13 sides. When the DSA grade was 0, there were no significant differences in PI, RI and MFV before and after procedure, and there were significant differences in the postoperative change of other TCD parameters at al levels (al P < 0. 001). At 6 months after procedure, the change rates of PI, RI and MFV were - 30. 83% ± 21. 71% , - 19. 64% ± 14. 45% and 96. 08% ± 100. 76% , respectively, and they had good correlation with the results of DSA efficacy grading. Their Spearman correlation coefficients were- 0. 879, - 0. 891 and 0. 715, respectively (al P < 0. 001). ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff values of the TCD parameter change rates for predicting good operative effect were as folows: PI decrease rate, 36% (area under the curve, 0. 966; sensitivity, 0. 968, specificity, 0. 891; P < 0. 001), RI decrease rate, 27% (area under the curve, 0. 973; sensitivity, 0. 903, specificity, 0. 946; P < 0. 001), and MFV increase rate, 111% (area under the curve, 0. 879; sensitivity, 0. 742, specificity, 0. 927; P < 0. 001). Conclusions TCD can detect hemodynamic parameter changes of superficial temporal arteries after EDAS. It has higher application value in the long-term postoperative efficacy evaluation.

Objective To analyze long-term efficacy after surgical treatment of primary liver cancer with fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin plus gemcitabine joint implementation to prevent the overall intervention effect of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma following ascension.Methods60 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly divided into study group and control group according to the random number method in our hospital from February 2011 to November2013, 30 cases in each group.All patients underwent radical resection of liver cancer and liver (partial) resection.In the control group, the patients were treated with anti viral or immune enhancement after surgery, and the follow-up treatment was not carried out.In study group were given anti-virus or immune intensive treatment and at the end of surgery 3 and 7 weeks after the implementation of a prophylactic transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy and selecting drug 5-FU, oxaliplatin and gemcitabine.During 3 years of follow-up, the incidence of adverse reactions in the 3 groups was statistically analyzed, and the recurrence free survival rate, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed.ResultsAll patients completed the follow-up, there was no loss of follow-up cases.In adverse reactions, the study group patients were successfully tolerated hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy, no obvious adverse reactions or drug toxicity, more no interruption of chemotherapy cases.The recurrence free survival rate, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of the study group were 83.33%, 70.00%, 86.67%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (60.00%, 43.33%, 63.33%) (P<0.05).ConclusionPrimary hepatocellular carcinoma should be treated with prophylactic hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in time after radical operation, which can greatly improve the survival rate of patients and ensure long-term curative effect.

Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular disorder, characterised by progressive stenosis and/or occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery and its proximal branches with the development of a basal collateral network. Moyamoya disease has a high prevalence in Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea and China. Ischemic events and intracranial bleeding are the most common clinical manifestation of moyamoya disease. Although the benefi cial effect on hemorrhage is still not clear, revascularisation surgery remains the most effective way to prevent the progression of ischemic symptoms. Moyamoya disease has been investigated by numerous studies since it was fi rst described 50 years ago, many conundrums remain to be solved. In this article, we review the history, epidemiology, aetiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of moyamoya disease. Recent advances and future challenges of moyamoya disease are also discussed.

Objective To explore the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-chitosan carriers on neural differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods NSCs were isolated from spinal cord of a neonatal Wistar rat and cultured. Purity of cultured NSCs was identified with Nestin immunofluorescent staining. The 10 mg/ml chitosan carriers, 20 ng/ml bFGF or 10 mg/ml bFGF-chitosan carriers were added into medium of P3~P4 NSCs respectively. NSCs were observed with immunofluorescent staining: 3 days after incubation with Nestin and β-tubulin III; 7 days after incubation with microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP2), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myelin basic protein (MBP); and 14 days after incubation with synapsin-1 and MAP2. The electrophysiological activity of cells was detected with MED64. Results 3 days after incubation, all the NSCs differentiated into Nestin+/β-tubulin III+, and the length of neurofilament was the highest in those co-cultured with bFGF-chitosan carriers. 7 days after incubation, NSCs differentiated into MAP2+, GFAP+ and MBP+, and more NSCs differentiated into MAP2+ with bFGF-chitosan carriers. 14 days after incubation, NSCs differentiated with bFGF-chitosan carriers express synapsin-1+/MAP2+ and showed electrophysiological activity. Conclusion bFGF-chitosan carriers can induce NSCs to differentiate into neuron with high percentage and the differentiated neurons can form synapses with electrophysiology activity.