Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Aconitum bulleyanum Diels. Methods: The air-dried roots of A. bulleyanum were powdered and extracted by methanol with percolation. After removing the solvent under reduced pressure, the crude extract was dissolved in 1. 5％ HCl solution, and then basified to pH 9 by NaOH (5％) and extracted by ethyl acetate to ob-tain crude alkaloidal extract after ethyl acetate removal. The alkaloidal extract was isolated and purified by column chromatography, and their structures were identified based on spectral analysis ( 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, MS) . Results:Totally 12 diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from A. bulleyanum and characterized as foresaconitine (1), crassicauline A (2), chasmanine (3), talatisamine (4), 14-debenzoyl-franchetine (5), pengshenine A (6), crassicautine (7), yunaconitine (8), franchetine (9), liljestrandisine (10), transconitine B (11) and pseudoaconine (12). Conclusion:Compounds 3-7, 10-12 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To study the incidence of complications of visceral and vascular injury in laparoscopic surgery for gynecologic diseases,and to discuss the ways to decrease the incidence. Methods The data of 2684 patients who received laparoscopic surgery from Januray 2003 to December 2005 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were reviewed retrospectively.The incidence and treatment of complications of visceral and vascular injury were observed. Results The total incidence rate of complications was 2.53%(n=68),and that of the visceral and vascular injury was 0.37%(n=10).Four cases of injury were related with trocar punctures(injury of omental blood vessel,n=2;postperitoneal vessel,n=2),three took place during the operation (severe bleeding,n=1;bladder injury,n=2),and the other three were observed in the postoperative stage(ureter injury,n=2;intestinal fistula,n=1). Conclusion The complications in laparoscopic surgery for gynecologic diseases are increased with the extension and difficulty of operation,and are closely related with the experience of the surgeons.Proper candidates for the surgery and established operative technique are the key factors in decreasing the incidence.

[Objective]Discussion on TCM name and pathogenesis of hypertension. [Method]To further explore and analyze the TCM name, location as wel as pathogenssis of hypertension after learning“Neijing”. [Result]Hypertension corresponding TCM diseases should be the veins bulge from“Neijing”. The location of the disease is heart,while it relates to internal organs. The main pathogenesis is that heart commanding blood abnormality. [Conclusion ]The traditional classical dialectical mode from the liver treatment of hypertension should be changed,the clinical treatment of hypertension is due to the heart according to the theory of pathogenesis which the heart commands blood vessels.Seeking the key reason is important to differential treatment of hypertension.

AIM: To study the pharmacokinetics of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG),which was diluted by 5%glucose injection in a total volume of 250 mL, after a single and multiple intravenous dose in 10 healthy volunteers.　METHODS: MgIG 100 mg once daily for 9 d in the multiple-dose regiment. Plasma MgIG concentrations are measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Waters HPLC instrument was used with the Hypersil ODS2 C18 (5 μm, 300 mm×4.6 mm) column. The mobile phase was composed of 0.23 mol·L-1 phosphate buffer (pH=7.4):acetonitrile (79∶21).Flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1 and column temperature was maintained at 40°C. The UV detector was set at 250 nm. The concentration time curves of MgIG were fitted to a two-compartment open model.　RESULTS: The pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from the single-dose study were as follows: cmax=(29±s 4) mg·L-1;t(1)/(2)α=(1.72±0.27) h;t(1)/(2)α=(23±3) h and AUC0-72=(448±75) mg·h·L-1. The steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters were: cssmin=(13±3) mg·L-1;cssmax=(42±6) mg·L-1;cav=(21±4) mg·L-1;t(1)/(2)α=(1.6±0.4) h;t(1)/(2)β=(24±4) h and AUCss0-24=(513±108) mg·h·L-1.CONCLUSION:The distribution and elimination rate of MgIG were not changed after multiple intravenous administration.

Chronic active Epstein - Barr virus infection(CAEBV) is an uncommon outcome of EBV infection and may present as severe of fulminant syndrome with high- mortality. It is characterized by chronic or recurrent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms persisting over a long time and by an unusual pattern of anti-EBV antibodies. Although it occurs in immunocompetent individuals, a number of subtle immunologic defects have been reported in patients with CAEBV. Up to now, there are still no diagnostic criteria of CAEBV in China,so the author introduce it with respect to its diagnosis,history,pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches.

To compare the advantages and the disadvantages of the teaching of problem-based learning(PBL) with lecture based learing(LBL) in Pathophysiology with the questionnaire.

In medical education,to cultivate the medical students with high comprehensive quality,we have carried out the teaching reform in Pathophysiology education.

The aim of this study was to investigate if there are abnormal fibroblasts derived from the skin surrounding keloids in order to have a better understanding for keloid progression. All the samples were used for cell culture. Flow cytometry was used to compare the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from keloid and its surrounding skin, when it was cultured in serum-deprived medium for 24 hours or was induced by Fas antibody. After cultured in serum-deprived medium for 24 hours, the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin of keloid increased to an amount between that of normal skin and keloids. The apoptotic rate of normal skin fibroblasts increased more than that of keloids. Moreover, when induced by Fas antibody, the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin increased not so high as that of normal skin(P0. 05). Therefore, at least there are some fibroblasts in the surrounding skin of keloids, in which apoptosis can not be induced as in normal skin.

Objective To evaluate the effects of laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision for treatment of congenital choledochal cyst.Methods Forty patients with congenital choledochal cyst were randomly divided into control group and observation group: the control group underwent open abdominal excision of choledochal cyst,while the observation group had laparoscopic resection of choledochal cyst.Results The operations of all the 40 cases in the 2 groups were successfully completed.The operative time was longer in the observation group(P

Objective:To investigate the differentiation of human neural stem cells(hNSCs) in vitro and to assess the potential of hNSCs transplanted into the pylorus of nude mice.Methods:Central nervous system-derived hNSCs(CNS-hNSCs) were obtained from the subventricular zone of aborted fetus brain(10weeks),suspension cultured,passaged and induced to differentiate in vitro.Stem cell marker neuroepithelial stem cell protein(nestin),enteric neuronal marker protein gene production 9.5(PGP9.5) and glial cell marker glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) were detected by immunofluorescence method.CNS-hNSCs(cultured for 3 months) were transplanted into the pylorus of nude mice and followed by immunofluorescence method.Results:Using the immunofluorescence method,nestin could be identified and the induced cells expressed PGP9.5 and GFAP.After being transplanted into the pylorus of nude mice,CNS-hNSC could be detected to survive at least for 6 weeks.Conclusion:CNS-hNSCs could be cultured,passaged and induced in vitro successfully;transplantation of CNS-hNSCs into gastrointestinal tract could be a potential cellular replacement strategy for gastrointestinal motility disorders.