Real-world study (RWS), based on multi-source data from real medical environments, is gradually becoming an important supplement to traditional randomized controlled trials, and its application in the field of transfusion medicine is becoming increasingly widespread. This article systematically reviews the definition and methodological system of RWS, examines its application cases in clinical blood transfusion research, and discusses the advantages, limitations, and future research directions of RWS, aiming to provide a reference for evidence-based research in blood transfusion medicine.

Real-world study (RWS), based on multi-source data from real medical environments, is gradually becoming an important supplement to traditional randomized controlled trials, and its application in the field of transfusion medicine is becoming increasingly widespread. This article systematically reviews the definition and methodological system of RWS, examines its application cases in clinical blood transfusion research, and discusses the advantages, limitations, and future research directions of RWS, aiming to provide a reference for evidence-based research in blood transfusion medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) in treating stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome by exercise duration and metabolic equivalents. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome from 22 hospitals. They were randomized 1:1 to STDP (35 mg/pill, 6 pills per day) or placebo for 56 days. The primary outcome was the exercise duration and metabolic equivalents (METs) assessed by the standard Bruce exercise treadmill test after 56 days of treatment. The secondary outcomes included the total angina symptom score, Chinese medicine (CM) symptom scores, Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores, changes in ST-T on electrocardiogram and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: This trial enrolled 309 patients, including 155 and 154 in the STDP and placebo groups, respectively. STDP significantly prolonged exercise duration with an increase of 51.0 s, compared to a decrease of 12.0 s with placebo (change rate: -11.1% vs. 3.2%, P<0.01). The increase in METs was significantly greater in the STDP group than in the placebo group (change: -0.4 vs. 0.0, change rate: -5.0% vs. 0.0%, P<0.01). The improvement of total angina symptom scores (25.0% vs. 0.0%), CM symptom scores (38.7% vs. 11.8%), reduction of nitroglycerin consumption (100.0% vs. 11.3%), and all domains of SAQ, were significantly greater with STDP than placebo (all P<0.01). The changes in Q-T intervals at 28 and 56 days from baseline were similar between the two groups (both P>0.05). Twenty-five participants (16.3%) with STDP and 16 (10.5%) with placebo experienced AEs (P=0.131), with no serious AEs observed. CONCLUSION STDP could improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina and phlegm-heat and blood stasis syndrome, with a favorable safety profile. (Registration No. ChiCTR-IPR-15006020).
Humans ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Angina, Stable/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome ; Placebos ; Tablets

Periodontal disease is a risk factor for many systemic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Cleft palate (CP), the most common congenital craniofacial defect, has a multifaceted etiology influenced by complex genetic and environmental risk factors such as maternal bacterial or virus infection. A prior case-control study revealed a surprisingly strong association between maternal periodontal disease and CP in offspring. However, the precise relationship remains unclear. In this study, the relationship between maternal oral pathogen and CP in offspring was studied by sonicated P. gingivalis injected intravenously and orally into pregnant mice. We investigated an obvious increasing CP (12.5%) in sonicated P. gingivalis group which had inhibited osteogenesis in mesenchyme and blocked efferocytosis in epithelium. Then glycolysis and H4K12 lactylation (H4K12la) were detected to elevate in both mouse embryonic palatal mesenchyme (MEPM) cells and macrophages under P. gingivalis exposure which further promoted the transcription of metallopeptidase domain17 (ADAM17), subsequently mediated the shedding of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) in MEPM cells and mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) in macrophages and resulted in the suppression of efferocytosis and osteogenesis in palate, eventually caused abnormalities in palate fusion and ossification. The abnormal efferocytosis also led to a predominance of M1 macrophages, which indirectly inhibited palatal osteogenesis via extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, pharmacological ADAM17 inhibition could ameliorate the abnormality of P. gingivalis-induced abnormal palate development. Therefore, our study extends the knowledge of how maternal oral pathogen affects fetal palate development and provides a novel perspective to understand the pathogenesis of CP.
Animals ; Female ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Pregnancy ; Mice ; Cleft Palate/etiology* ; Glycolysis

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.

AIM:To assess the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye in different types of psoriasis vulgaris and analyzes the relationship between efficacy and vari-ous disease-related factors,as well as its comple-mentary role in biologic therapy.METHODS:This study included a total of 396 patients with psoria-sis.Based on the patient history,participants were categorized into the biologics group(n=98),Quyin Koufuye-assisted biologics group(n=62),and Quyin Koufuye monotherapy group(n=236).Patient histo-ry data were collected,including gender,duration of illness,disease type,initial site of onset,degree of itching,recurrence status and time,smoking habits,joint pain,family history of psoriasis,nail damage,treatment plan,and PASI/BSA scores.A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of Quyin Koufuye and to analyze its combined effects with biologics.RESULTS:Combining Quyin Koufuye with biologics significantly boosted the PASI90 response rate to 72.6％(P=0.014).Responders to PASI50 with Quyin Koufuye experienced longer recurrence intervals(＞6 months)than non-responders(50％vs.33.6％,A=0.045).Influencing factors included psoriasis-affect-ed body surface area(OR=0.960,P=0.000),pro-longed smoking history(OR=2.10,P=0.046),and psoriasis type(OR=2.47,P=0.015).CONCLUSION:This study underscores the synergy of Quyin Kou-fuye and biologics in treating psoriasis,particularly for longer recurrence intervals-factors like smoking history,psoriasis type,and affected body surface area impact Quyin Koufuye's efficacy.