Cavernous lymphangioma in mediastinum is a rare congenital malformation of lymphatic system and is caused by lack of adequate drainage from the sequestrated lymphatic vessels to the venous system due to insufficiency or atresia of the efferent lymphatic channels The authors experienced 10 month-old male patient with cavernous lymphangioma in mediastinum documented by chest CT and open biopsy The review of the literature was made briefly.
Biopsy ; Drainage ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphangioma* ; Lymphatic System ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Mediastinum* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: . The aim of this study was to examine the importance of the defect-free scanning of a scan body by assessing the accuracy of virtual implant positioning in computer-aided design (CAD) software when the scan body image is improperly scanned. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . A scan body was digitized in a dentiform model using an intraoral scanner, and scanned images with differing levels of image deficiency were generated: 5%, 10%, and 15% deficiency in the flat or rounded area. Using a best-fit image matching algorithm on each of the deficient scan body images, corresponding virtual implants were created. The accuracy of the implant position was evaluated by comparing the linear and angular discrepancies between the actual and virtual positions of the implant. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction were used to determine the statistical differences among the seven scanned image deficiency groups (α=.05). RESULTS: . In general, the linear and angular discrepancies of the implant position in the software increased as the deficiency of the scan body images increased. A 15% scan body image deficiency generated larger discrepancies than deficiency of 5% and 10%. The difference of scan defect position, flat or rounded area, did not affect the accuracy of virtual implant orientation at 5% and 10% deficiency level, but did affect the accuracy at 15% deficiency level. CONCLUSION . Deficiencies in the scanned images of a scan body can decrease the accuracy of the implant positioning in CAD software when the defect is large, thus leading to the incorrect fabrication of implant prostheses.

Primary extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma(SCC) is appearing with increased frequency in the literature. These tumors have been described in the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, larynx, hypopharynx, salivary gland, nasal cavity & paranasal sinus, thymus, small & large bowel, uterine cervix, endometrium, breast, prostate, urinary bladder and skin. Small cell carcinoma of the stomach is extremely rare and a total 9 cases have been reported in the English literature. Like SCC in the lung, SCC in the alimentary tract has a aggresive behavior and prognosis of the patient is poor. We are reported a case of advanced gastric cancer diagnosed as small cell type by endoscopic biopsy. Grossly, the lesion of small cell carcinoma of the stomach, located in the upper body and gastric angle, is ulcerated with irregular margin and dirty surface covered with blodd clots and exudates.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Cervix Uteri ; Endometrium ; Endoscopy ; Esophagus ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Larynx ; Lung ; Nasal Cavity ; Pancreas ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Salivary Glands ; Skin ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach* ; Thymus Gland ; Ulcer ; Urinary Bladder

Background: Spine-hip discordance (SHD) increases fracture risk. However, its prevalence and clinical implications have not been investigated in patients with hip fractures. This study determined the prevalence and association of SHD with mortality and investigated the cause of SHD in patients with hip fractures. Methods: This study included patients admitted for fragility hip fractures between 2011 and 2020. All patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and anteroposterior and lateral views of the lumbosacral spine during admission. Data on demographics, diagnosis, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and mortality were collected. A T-score difference of more than 1.5 between L1-4 and the femur neck was considered discordant, and 3 groups (lumbar low [LL] discordance, no discordance [ND], and femur neck low [FL] discordance) were compared. In the discordance group, lumbar radiographs were reviewed to determine the cause of discordance. Results: Among 1,220 eligible patients, 130 were excluded due to patient refusal or bilateral hip implantation; therefore, this study included 1,090 patients (271 male and 819 female). The prevalence of LL, ND, and FL was 4.4%, 66.4% and 29.2% in men and 3.9%, 76.1%, and 20.0% women. Mortality was not associated with discordance. The most common causes of discordance were physiological in the LL group and pathological in the FL group for both sexes. Conclusions Patients with hip fractures showed lower rates of ND and higher rates of FL compared to the general population. True discordance should be carefully judged for pathological and artifact reasons. The clinical implications of SHD require further investigation.

BACKGROUND: DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulation, and primarily secreted from the adrenal cortex, but its physiological role is little known. One of the characteristic features of DHEA-S is progressive decrement of plasma DHEA-S level with advancing age, in contrast, plasma levels of other adrenal hormones are not chaging or littie decreasing. To grasp the trends of plasma DHEA-S level and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio by age in healthy Korean, we measured the plasma DHEA-S levels and DHEA-S/cortisol ratios in healthy Korean. METHODS: Healthy Korean (men: 99, women: 102, age range: 15-97 year old)were studied. Subjects were not taking drugs (such as glucocorticoid or androgenic medication) or cigarettes known to modify the plasma level of DHEA-S and cortisol, and had no evidence of hepatic, renal disease or hyperlipidemia as determined by serum lipid, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine. Data were analyzed by 10-year age group for men and women: i.e, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90 year or more. Plasma DHEA-S levels were measured by using a commercially available RIA kit with 125I labeled-DHEA-SO4 (Coat-A Count DHEA-SO4), and for the measurement of plasma cortisol levels, commercial Gamma Coat TM[125I] Cortisol Radioimmunassay Kit was used. RESULTS:. 1) In both men and women, plasma DHEA-S level showed high interindividual variation within the same age group. 2) There were individual sex differences in plasma levels of DHEA-S, in all age groups, plasma DHEA-S levels were significantly higher values for men than for women. 3) Maximum plasma DHEA-S levels (men; 237+-3.35 ug/dL, women; 108+-17.5 ug/dL) were at third decade in both men and women. 4) Both men and women showed the continuous decline in plasma DHEA-S level with age. These age-related decline was more prominent in men than in women (men; y=-3.152 * +292.6, r2= 0.8459, P<0.05, women; y= -1.417 * +143.3, r2 = 0.7278, P< 0.05). 5) As an index of aging, there was no stastical difference between DHEA-S and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. CONCLUSION: In healthy Korean, there were high interindividual variation of plasrna DHEA-S levels. In both men and women plasma DHEA-S level was peak at third decade, and from when it declined progressively with age. These results suggest that although the reliability of single plasma DHEA-S measurement are limited, the decline of DHEA-S with advancing age might be a specific marker of endocrinologic hormonal milieu (aging index). Also, concerning to individual adrenal secreting capacity, we measured DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. But we did not found that plasma DHEA-S/cortisol ratio is superior to the plasma DHEA-S level as an aging index.
Adrenal Cortex ; Aging ; Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Creatinine ; Female ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone* ; Hyperlipidemias ; Male ; Plasma* ; Sex Characteristics ; Tobacco Products

Clonorchis sinensis is a liver fluke and it is the most prevalent human parasite in Korea at present. The parasite infection induces immune responses, characteristically an increased production of parasite-specific IgE in the host. Major IgE-reacting C. sinensis antigens in infected humans have been protein bands with MWs of 15, 28, 37, 45, 51, 56, 62, 66, 74, 97 and 160 KD identified by immunoblot analysis. Individual variations of the IgE binding pattern to C. sinensis antigens have also been documented. Using immune BALB/c mouse sera, IgE-reacting protein bands have been visualized with MWs of 28, 74, 86, 160 and several > 200 KD. One of the most strongly reacted C. sinensis antigenic proteins with a molecular weight of 28 KD was purified by gel filtration and preparative electrophoresis. Using a monoclonal antibody produced against the antigenic protein, the protein was localized in the parasite's intestine, and also found to be contained in excretory-secretory antigens.
Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology* ; Antigens, Helminth/analysis* ; Clonorchis sinensis/immunology* ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Human ; IgE/immunology* ; Immunoblotting ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Leiomyoma is the most common benign uterine tumor, but acute torsion of myoma is extremely rare. We experienced two patients admitted to our hospital for acute abdominal pain, who diagnosed with torsion of subserosal myoma. Although ultrasonogram revealed a subserosal myoma in both cases, it could not confirm torsion of uterine fibroid. Laparoscopic surgery confirmed the diagnosis of acute torsion of myoma and resected the lesion successfully.
Abdominal Pain ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Leiomyoma ; Myoma

PURPOSE: To identify the influence of lymphedema on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) more than 1 year after breast cancer surgery. METHODS: Ninety-six breast cancer patients who survived more than 1 year after surgery and 104 members of the general population were recruited. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of lymphedema. HRQOL was evaluated with the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in any scales between groups: groups of breast cancer survivors with and without lymphedema. Compared with the general population, breast cancer survivors had lower quality of life scores in all scales, although the vitality and mental health scales did not differ from chance variation at the 5% level. CONCLUSION: In this study, the presence of lymphedema in breast cancer patients who survived over 1 year after surgery might not affect the quality of life. However quality of life of breast cancer survivors is lower than in general population except for some mental health components.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Lymphedema ; Mental Health ; Quality of Life ; Survivors ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: Medical treatment of Peyronie's disease with tamoxifen has been initially proposed as acting upon the early phase of the disease. As recent reports show no significant benefit of tamoxifen, we review the long term results of tamoxifen treatment of Peyronie's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time to progression during tamoxifen treatment of patients showing acute disease and chronic disease was compared. The acute phase was identified by pain during erection. Progression was defined as enlargement of plaque size or appearance of calcification. RESULTS: The average treatment duration was 15.9+/-13.8 months (range: 3 to 48 months). The median time to progression was 7 months for acute patients and 20 months for chronic patients. Eighty percent of patients in the acute phase showed relief of pain; however, overall progression was 72.1% (78.0% for acute, 66.7% for chronic). Patient history, comorbidities, serum testosterone or initial plaque characteristics, and severity of curvature were not predictive of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: Tamoxifen showed no significant benefit in slowing the progression of Peyronie's disease in the acute phase over the chronic phase. Peyronie's disease continued to progress, though at a dampened rate for patient's in the chronic phase.
Acute Disease ; Chronic Disease ; Comorbidity ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Induration ; Tamoxifen ; Testosterone

PURPOSE: Authors pursuit the meaningful guide for doing arthroscopic meniscetomy in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniseus of the knee by determining the needed resection margin(partial or total) from the schematic diagram of degeneration and tear which is based on pre-operative MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the findings of MRI and operation retrospectively for 32 knees. At first, we designed authors own schematic diagram of discoid meniscus and divided it into 6 x 6 block. The radiologists draw the pattern of degeneration and tear on diagram from pre-operative MRI and the orthopedic surgeons draw the status of degeneration, tear and remaining meniscus after meniscetomy by retrospective analysis of video documentation. Two diagrams were compared for analysis. RESULTS: We had used morselization technique to save meniscus as much as possible on doing meniscetomy. The resected margin of cases were as follows; 9 cases were partial, 21 cases were subtotal and 2 cases were total meniscetomy. But in this study, 19 cases were requested total resection margin on pre-op MRI evaluation. Among these 19 cases, 17 cases of partial or subtotal meniscetomized were reviewed again on video documentation to determine the remained meniscus would be removed completely or not. In 13 of 17 cases, remaining menisci have advanced horizontal tear and rims were not stable that would be rather cases of total meniscetomy. CONCLUSION: Use of diagram of degeneration and tear on the basis of pre-op MRI would be valuable guide to determine appropriate resection margin and moreover the technique of the meniscetomy in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus.
Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Orthopedics ; Retrospective Studies