No abstract available.
Humans ; Inpatients*

Background: Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) continues to be the popular treatment for meniscal tears, but recent randomized controlled trials have questioned its efficacy. To provide more evidence-based criteria for patient selection, we undertook this study to identify prognostic factors associated with clinical failure after APM for medial meniscus tears. Methods: Medical records of 160 patients followed up for at least 5 years after APM for medial meniscal tears were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data (age, sex, and body mass index), radiographic variables (Kellgren-Lawrence [K-L] grade and hip-knee-ankle [HKA] angle), and clinical scores (International Knee Documentation Committee score, Tegner activity scale score, Lysholm score, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) were recorded. Clinical failure was defined as the need for an additional surgical procedure (arthroscopy, osteotomy, or arthroplasty) or the presence of intolerable pain. Survivorship analysis with clinical failure as an end point was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Factors related to clinical failure were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. Cutoff values were determined using areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Radiographic progression of osteoarthritis was analyzed using the chi-square test, and serial changes of clinical scores were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Results: Clinical success rates were 95.7% at 5 years, 75.6% at 10 years, and 46.3% at 15 years. Age, HKA angle, and K-L grade (p = 0.01, p = 0.02, and p = 0.04, respectively) were found to be significant risk factors of clinical failure. Cutoff values at 10 years postoperatively as determined by ROC analysis were 50 years for age (sensitivity = 0.778, 1-specificity = 0.589), grade 2 for K-L grade (sensitivity = 0.778, 1-specificity = 0.109), and 5.5° for HKA angle (sensitivity = 0.667, 1-specificity = 0.258). In patients who had clinical success until 10 years after APM, radiological osteoarthritis progressed gradually. However, the clinical scores of patients who achieved clinical success did not decrease significantly over the 10-year follow-up. Conclusions The poor prognostic factors found to be related to clinical failure after APM for a medial meniscal tear were patient age (≥ 50 years), preoperative K-L grade (≥ grade 2), and preoperative HKA angle (≥ varus 5.5°).

Colonoscopy is a frequently performed procedure used for colorectal cancer screening. Most frequent complication is colonic perforation and bleeding. Other visceral injuries are very rare, but injuries to the spleen and liver have been described. We report on 66-yr-old female who presented with abdominal pain after uneventful colonoscopy. Abdominal CT scan revealed a band at previous hysterectomy site and dilated small bowel suggesting strangulated loop. A broad based knowledge of the different complication is necessary to decrease the risk of associated morbidity and mortality.
Abdominal Pain ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Liver ; Mass Screening ; Spleen

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spinal Cord*

In order to develop antitumor agent which indicates weak side effects and strong antitumor activity, cytotoxicity and antitumor effects of MG was evaluated by MTT assay and SRB assay of colorimetric assay methods on the cultured NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and human oral epithelioid carcinoma cells (KB cells). KB cells were cultured in EMEM and RPMI 1640 media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, antibiotics and fungizone. After incubation for 24 hrs, the cells were treated with MG by dose dependent manner for 48 hrs under the same condition. The MTT and SRB quantity were measured by ELISA reader (Spectra Max 250, USA). The microscopic study was carried out to observed morphological change, Ag-NORs (argyrophylic nucleolar organizer region) number and PAS positive reacton of cultured KB cells. The results were as follows; 1. The MTT50 were 16677 micrometer in NIH 3T3 cell and 65.55 micrometer in KB cells treated with MG. 2. The SRB50 were 8701.23 micrometer in NIH 3T3 cell and 168.81 micrometer in KB cells treated with MG. 3. The number of Ag-NORs was not significant in cultured NIH 3T3 cells, but the number of Ag-NORs was significantly decreased in cultured KB cells treated with MG. 4. PAS reaction of cultured NIH 3T3 cells was not changed, but PAS reaction of cultured KB cells was changed to negative reaction. 5. Morphological changes of cultured NIH 3T3 cells treated with MG was weak, but KB cell treated with MG was severe. These results indicate that MG have noncytoxicity on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and high cytotoxicity on KB cells.
Amphotericin B ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; KB Cells ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction

Functional knee braces are commonly prescribed to support anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current literature on the use of functional knee braces of ACL with respect to biomechanical, clinical and functional outcomes. A literature search was conducted (2000 to 2017) by two independent reviewers using PubMed MEDLINE database. Articles were retrieved by an electronic search using keywords (anterior cruciate ligament, brace, and bracing) and their combinations. Current functional braces used to treat ACL injury were identified. Studies that met inclusion criteria were assessed for pertinent data. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Functional knee brace reportedly did not improve long-term clinical and functional outcomes following ACL reconstruction, but some studies suggest that functional brace may have some benefit with regard to biomechanics, proprioception, and subsequent injury rates. Functional knee brace after ACL reconstruction was found no significant difference in clinical and functional outcomes. But Further large-scale recent studies will be required to determine long-term outcomes of the brace.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Braces* ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Proprioception

Cryptococcosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease of man and animal resulting from the inhalation or ingestion of the encapsulated potentially pathogenic fungus Cryotococcus neoformans that can be isolated from many common environmental sources. The respiratory tract is considered to be the primany portal of entry. Following invasion of the lungs, the organism may become localized or may be disseminated hematogenously to any aprt of the body, especially the brain, meninges and cord. The patients withe malignant reticuloendothelial neoplasms; Hodgkin's disease, lymphowarcoma, leukemia and diabetes, and those receiving prolonged therapy with steroids were particularly susceptible to disease with Cryptococcus neoformans, We experienced a case of Cryptococcosis in 22 months old Korean boy which was confirmed histologically from lymphnode biopsy. Also we made a brief review of literatures.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Communicable Diseases ; Cryptococcosis* ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Eating ; Fungi ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Infant ; Inhalation ; Leukemia ; Lung ; Male ; Meninges ; Respiratory System ; Steroids

Anatomic Variation ; Bicuspid ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; Molar ; Preoperative Care

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to elucidate the effect of autogenous tooth bone material by experimenting on minipig's maxillary sinus and performing histological and histomorphometric analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five 18-24 month-old male minipigs were selected, and right maxillary sinuses were grafted with bone graft material made of their respective autogenous teeth extracted eight weeks earlier. The left sides were grafted with synthetic hydroxyapatite as control groups. All minipigs were sacrificed at 12 weeks after bone graft, which was known to be 1 sigma (sigma) period for pigs. Specimens were evaluated histologically under a light microscope after haematoxylin-eosin staining followed by semi-quantitative study via histomorphometric analysis. The ratio of new bone to total area was evaluated using digital software for calculation of area. RESULTS: All specimens were available, except one on the right side (experimental group), which was missing during specimen preparation. This study demonstrated new bone at the periphery of the existing bone in both groups, showing evidence of bone remodeling, however, encroachment of new bone on the central part of the graft at the 1 sigma period was observed only in the autogenous tooth bone group (experimental group). Histomorphometric analysis showed more new bone formation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), the mean percentage area for new bone for the experimental and control groups were 57.19%+/-11.16% and 34.07%+/-13.09%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The novel bone graft material using autogenous tooth is a good alternative to autogenous bone, comparable to autogenous bone, and outperforming synthetic hydroxyapatite bone graft materials in terms of bone regeneration capacity. Augmentation with autogenous tooth bone materials will reduce donor site morbidity without hampering the safety of the autogenous bone graft.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Remodeling ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Osteogenesis ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Donors ; Tooth ; Transplants

Selective cervical nerve root block is executed for patients who have symptoms of cervical radiculopathy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However several catastrophic complications caused by this procedure have been reported including neurological complications. A 43-year-old male received a C5 selective cervical nerve root block procedure due to continuous radiating pain even after cervical discectomy and interbody fusion was performed. At the time of the procedure, the contrast outline revealed reflux of the nerve root and epidural space. But after the procedure was performed, the patient experienced decreased sensation in the upper and low extremities as well as motor paralysis of both extremities. Our sspecting diagnosis was anterior spinal artery syndrome but both sensory and motor functions were subsequently recovered within a few hours after the procedure was completed. Due to the difficult nature of this case, we reported these complications and reviewed current literature related to this study.
Adult ; Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome ; Diskectomy ; Epidural Space ; Extremities ; Humans ; Injections, Spinal ; Male ; Paralysis ; Quadriplegia ; Radiculopathy ; Sensation ; Spinal Nerve Roots