PURPOSE: Authors pursuit the meaningful guide for doing arthroscopic meniscetomy in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniseus of the knee by determining the needed resection margin(partial or total) from the schematic diagram of degeneration and tear which is based on pre-operative MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the findings of MRI and operation retrospectively for 32 knees. At first, we designed authors own schematic diagram of discoid meniscus and divided it into 6 x 6 block. The radiologists draw the pattern of degeneration and tear on diagram from pre-operative MRI and the orthopedic surgeons draw the status of degeneration, tear and remaining meniscus after meniscetomy by retrospective analysis of video documentation. Two diagrams were compared for analysis. RESULTS: We had used morselization technique to save meniscus as much as possible on doing meniscetomy. The resected margin of cases were as follows; 9 cases were partial, 21 cases were subtotal and 2 cases were total meniscetomy. But in this study, 19 cases were requested total resection margin on pre-op MRI evaluation. Among these 19 cases, 17 cases of partial or subtotal meniscetomized were reviewed again on video documentation to determine the remained meniscus would be removed completely or not. In 13 of 17 cases, remaining menisci have advanced horizontal tear and rims were not stable that would be rather cases of total meniscetomy. CONCLUSION: Use of diagram of degeneration and tear on the basis of pre-op MRI would be valuable guide to determine appropriate resection margin and moreover the technique of the meniscetomy in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus.
Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Orthopedics ; Retrospective Studies

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a rare, life-threatening immune disorder, caused by mutations in the gamma c chain gene, which encodes an essential component of the cytokine receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. A 13-month-old boy with recurrent infections who had reduced serum immunoglobulin levels and decreased numbers of CD3, CD16/56 cells was evaluated for gamma c chain gene mutation and protein expression. The patient had a C-to-T point mutation at nucleotide position 690, one of the hot spots, resulting in a single amino acid substitution of cysteine for arginine (R226C), as determined by direct sequencing and PCR-RFLP. The patient's mother was a heterozygous carrier. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling was performed at the 6-month of gestation in a subsequent pregnancy. As the immunophenotype of the fetus showed an identical pattern, the pregnancy was terminated and genetic analysis of the abortus confirmed recurrence. This is the first report of the molecular diagnosis of X-SCID in Korea. Genetic analysis of the gamma c chain gene is useful for definite diagnosis and genetic counseling for X-SCID.
Arginine/chemistry ; Cysteine/chemistry ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Counseling/*methods ; Heterozygote ; Human ; Immunoglobulins/metabolism ; Immunophenotyping/methods ; Korea ; *Linkage (Genetics) ; Male ; *Mutation ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*diagnosis/*genetics ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Time Factors ; *X Chromosome