OBJECTIVEEstablishing a subjective and objective method to conform the weighted coefficient in multicriteria optimization of the extraction technology about Chinese traditional compound drugs.

METHODThis article used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to conform the weighted coefficient.

RESULTConsistency checking result (CR < 0.1) indicated that the weighted coefficient is reasonable and efficient.

CONCLUSIONAHP method is simple and of high accuracy. This method improved on the scientific and accuracy of multicriteria optimization of the extraction technology about Chinese traditional compound drugs.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Memorialis hirta.

METHODCompounds were isolated and purified by multiple methods, and their structures were identified based on physicochemical property and spectrum data.

RESULT12 compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate from 95% ethanol extracts of M. hirta, they were isorhamnetin (1), kaempferol (2), quercetin (3), isorhamnetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (10), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (11) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (12), respectively.

CONCLUSIONAll compounds were obtained from the genus Memorialis for the first time.

Ten compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography over silica gel, preparative TLC, and Sephadex LH-20 from the whole plant of Solanum lyratum. The structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral data as 1beta-hydroxy-1 ,2-dihydro-alpha-santonin (1) , boscialin (2) , blumenol C (3), 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(4), dehydrovomifoliol(5) , blumenol A(6), (1'S,2R,5S, 10R) -2-(1', 2'-dihydroxy-l1'-methylethyl) -6,10-dimethylspiro[4,5] dec-6-en-8-one(7) , (1'R,2R,5S,10R)-2-( 1',2'-dihydroxy-l '-methylethyl) -6,1 l0-dimethylspiro[4,5]dec-6-en-8-one( 8) , 2-(1',2'-dihydroxy-1 '-methylethyl) -6,1 0-dimethyl-9-hydroxyspiro [4,5] dec-6-en-8-one (9) , and grasshopper ketone (10). Compounds 1-10 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Solanum ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification

In order to study the chemical constituents of the plant of Hydrangea paniculata and provide reference for the study of the bioactive substances, we isolated nine compounds from the dried branches of H. paniculata. Their structures were determined by application of spectroscopic (NMR, MS) and chemical methods. These compounds were identified as skimmin (1), isotachioside (2), 8-methoxy-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy coumarin glycoside (3), scopolin (4), 1-(alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1 --> 6) -O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy) - 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzene (5), apiosylskimmin (6), umbelliferone (7), scopoletin (8), 7-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin (9). Compounds 1 - 7 were isolated from H. paniculata for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Hydrangea ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the alkaloids of the Chinese medicinal herbs Daphniphyllum macropodum for in search for new bioactive substances.

METHODThe CHCl3 extract of D. macropodum was subjected to repeated column chromatography on silica gel to afford four pure compounds (1-4). Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the data reported in the literature.

RESULTThe four known compounds were isolated and elucidated as Daphniphyllum alkaloids with different carbon skeletons, namely longistylumphylline A (1), deoxycalyciphylline B (2), daphnicyclidin B (3) and H (4), respectively.

CONCLUSIONAll compounds were isolated from the titled plant for the first time. The discovery of daphnicyclidin B (3) and H (4) further confirmed the biogenetic relationship between the two compounds and the previously reported macropodumines A-C, found in the same plant.

Twelve compounds were isolated from the herb of Chenopodium ambrosioides, and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods as kaempferol-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), kaempferol-3,7-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), patuletin (3), quercetin-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), grasshopper ketone (5), 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (6), syringaresinol (7), benzyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), dendranthemoside B (9), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (10), N-trans-feruloyl 4'-O-methyldopamine (11), and 4-hydroxy-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl] benzamide (12). Among them,compounds 3, 6-8,10, and 12 were isolated from the genus Chenopodium for the first time, and compounds 2-12 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chenopodium ambrosioides ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Five constituents were extracted from the aerial part of Paederia pertomentosa and isolated by column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. The isolated compounds were identified as 1,2-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone named as paederone (1), paederoside (2), deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester (3), paederosidic acid (4) and methylpaederosidate (5). Compound 1 is a new compound which exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 2-5 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo understand the particle settling characteristics of alcohol precipitation mixture of Paeoniae Radix rubra extract and establish models of the sedimentation rate.

METHODSFocusing on the particle settling characteristics such as particle settling curve, particle settling velocity (PSV), particle volume index (PVI), the particle settling process of alcohol precipitation was investigated. The effect of three key process factors on the settling process was discussed and mathematical models for describing the particle settling velocity were developed.

RESULTSControlling of higher final alcohol concentration, higher density of Paeoniae Radix rubra extract, or lower initial alcohol concentration, was conducive to settlement of alcohol precipitation particles. In the constant speed phase, an empirical calculation formula of v(0) was established, with both the variables PSV and PVI (v(0)=-0.236PSV+0.022PVI+7.521). Another developed model was applied to predict the settling velocity in decelerated phase and the simulation was very good [v=k(1-n(1)X)(4)exp(-n(2)X)/X].

CONCLUSIONThe results of this work will contribute to a better control and optimization of alcohol precipitation process, and help to implementation of accuracy control in the manufacture of botanical medicines.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents in herbs of Polygonum jucundum.

METHODThe 85% ethanol extract was separated by means of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The compounds isolated from the plant were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence.

RESULTEight compounds were isolated and identified as: quercetin-3'-O-beta-D-galactoside (1), 8-methoxyquercetin (2), pigenin (3), luteolin (4), quercetin (5), 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone (6), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (7), beta-sitosterol (8).

CONCLUSIONAll compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, compounds 5- 8 were isolated from the genus Polygonum for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Xanthium mongolicum.

METHODThe compounds were isolated with column chromatography. The structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques.

RESULTEight compounds were isolated from X. mongolicum, four compounds are sesquiterpene lactones, two compounds are triterpenes and two compounds are lignins. Their structure elucidated as xanthatin (1), xanthinosin (2), 11alpha, 13-dihydroxanthatin (3), atractylenolide III (4), oleanolic acid (5), ursolic acid (6), lignocellulose (7), balanophonin (8).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 3-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Sesquiterpene lactones (1-3) had shown the induction hindrance activeness of the (ICAM-1), but the activitiy of 3 was weaker.