Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Translations

Protein polypeptides and polysaccharides, the indispensable macromolecular active components in traditional Chinese medicine, are widely found in Chinese medicine decoction after the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine. However, through oral administration, these macromolecules are digested by the stomach and intestine and thus fail to be absorbed in prototype. This is inconsistent with the actual clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine decoction. According to modern research, new phase structures and effects of the macromolecules emerge during the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine, but the phase change law caused by the interaction among the components of traditional Chinese medicine and the relationship between phase structure and effect are still unclear. Thus, this study reviewed the oral absorption of macromolecular components of traditional Chinese medicine, analyzed the internal relationship of the form of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine with the absorption and effect based on phase structure, and summarized the research mode of oral absorption and effect of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine with phase structures as the core, providing new ideas and methods for future research.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Stomach ; Administration, Oral

Edema, as one of common clinical diseases, could be treated by taking medicines and adopting external therapies with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). In recent years, there have been many clinical and basic studies concerning external therapies with TCM on edema Data showed that the external therapies are mostly composed of such purgating drugs as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Natrii Sulfas and Pharbitidis Semen, heat-clearing drug such as Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and resuscitation-inducing drug such as Borneolum Syntheticum. The study showed that ingredients of external therapies did not pass through hilum and hepatic system, and thus avoided the first pass effect of livers. They enabled effective components of drugs to be rapidly absorbed through pores and skins, strengthened the effect against edema, shortened the treatment course, decreased side effects, and were convenient and inexpensive. External therapies with TCM could play unique advantages in inhibiting edema in the future clinical studies.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Humans

In this review, methods for testing in vitro release rate of sustained release preparations of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and in vivo-in vitro correlation were introduced. Studies indicated that a good correlation between in vivo and in vitro release can be obtained by establishing methods of in vitro release and it is important for the development of sustained release drug delivery system in TCM.
Administration, Oral ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in medical department of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 269 882 broth prescriptions of Medical Department of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs which dose has difference between in the actuality and in the pharmacopoeia. Most of drug's dosage centralized the four intervals: (3-6], (9-12], (12-15], (18-21], and the concrete dosage were 3, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in internal medicine, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Designer Drugs ; Drug Design ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tablets

The safety of Chuangyuling (CYL) dressing-a multifunctional medicine carrying biomaterial was evaluated in order to provide foundation for the application of CYL as material used in the wound healing. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extract solution was compounded with scaffolds (gelatin and Bletilla hyacinthine gum), and then frozen and dried to form spongy and porous material CYL. According to the standard of biological evaluation of medical devices that was instituted by the ministry of health of China, the biological evaluation of CYL dressing was conducted. The results showed that all the contents of biological evaluation test consisting of acute toxicity, skin irritation, sensitization and cytotoxicity met the requirement of standards. It was concluded that the biomaterial carrying TCM (CYL dressing) is safe for application of wound healing.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity ; Gelatin ; Occlusive Dressings ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Wound Healing/*drug effects

OBJECTIVETo test the dissolution rate of silymarin dropping pill as well as to be compared with other three commercial products of the silymarin.

METHODBy UV spectrophotometry, we studied the dissolution conditions of silymarin dropping pill and compared its dissolution rate with Yiganling tablets (film-coating, sugar-coating) and Legalon capsule which are available in the market.

RESULTThe dissolution parameters T50 and Td of silymarin dropping pill, Yiganling tablet (film-coating), Yiganling tablet (sugar-coating) and Legalon capsule are 6.78, 9.85 min, 51.01, 73.78 min, 74.35, 86.97 min and 53.10, 72.65 min.

CONCLUSIONThe dissolution rate of silymarin dropping pill is superior to that of two kinds of Yiganling tablets and Legalon capsule.

Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Tablets

Alprostadil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous

Osmotically controlled oral drug delivery systems (OCODDSs) utilize osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of active agents. The release of drugs from osmotic systems is governed by various formulations and processing factors such as solubility and pressure of the core components, properties of the semi-permeable membrane. In the present review, the references on OCODDSs have systematically been summarized in the following aspects: prescription design, industrial processing and equipments, methods for quality evaluation, and general situation of application. Prospect of applying the osmotic-pump technology into Chinese patent drugs is also discussed.
Administration, Oral ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Osmotic Pressure