From 1995 to 2002, 364 courses of chemotherapy with different regimens, almost gave various side effects such as leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypohemoglobin, increase of liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT,…), enhance urea, creatinine level, nausea, alopecia… with different severity and incidence. The common regimans with more significant side effects were Doxorubicin + AraC (P3), MOPP (P2), CHDP (P1) and VAD (P4); the regimens AraC + Depersolon (P7), Hydrea + AraC (P6) and particularly Hydrea alone (P5) gave usually less side effects
drug therapy ; Hematinics ; Diseases ; Therapeutics ; adverse effects

Statins are a kind of prescription drug that is widely used to treat hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and other atherosclerotic diseases. A common side effect of statin use is a mild rise in liver aminotransferases, which occurs in less than 3% of patients. Statin-related liver injury is most commonly caused by atorvastatin and simvastatin, but severe liver injury is uncommon. Therefore, understanding and evaluating hepatotoxicity and weighing the benefits and risks is of great significance to better realize the protective effect of statins.
Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Atorvastatin/adverse effects* ; Simvastatin/adverse effects* ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/drug therapy* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/drug therapy*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Some depressed patients receive acupuncture as an adjunct to their conventional medications. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to provide evidence on whether acupuncture can enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of antidepressants for treating depression, and explore whether acupuncture can reduce the adverse reactions associated with antidepressants. SEARCH STRATEGY: English and Chinese databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until December 1, 2021. INCLUSION CRITERIA: RCTs with a modified Jadad scale score ≥ 4 were included if they compared a group of participants with depression that received acupuncture combined with antidepressants with a control group that received antidepressants alone. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: Meta-analysis was performed, and statistical heterogeneity was assessed based on Cochran's Q statistic and its related P-value. Primary outcomes were the reduction in the severity of depression and adverse reactions associated with antidepressants, while secondary outcomes included remission rate, treatment response, social functioning, and change in antidepressant dose. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to evaluate the overall quality of evidence in the included studies. RESULTS: This review included 16 studies (with a total of 1958 participants). Most studies were at high risk of performance bias and at low or unclear risk of selection bias, detection bias, attrition bias, reporting bias, and other bias. Analysis of the 16 RCTs showed that, compared with antidepressants alone, acupuncture along with antidepressants reduced the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17) scores (standard mean difference [SMD] -0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.55 to -0.33, P < 0.01; I² = 14%), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.23, P < 0.01; I² = 79%), and the Side Effect Rating Scale (SERS) scores (SMD -1.11, 95% CI -1.56 to -0.66, P < 0.01; I² = 89%). Compared with antidepressants alone, acupuncture along with antidepressants improved World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF scores (SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.44, P < 0.01; I² = 15%), decreased the number of participants who increased their antidepressant dosages (relative risk [RR] 0.32, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.48, P < 0.01; I² = 0%), and resulted in significantly higher remission rates (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.83, P < 0.01; I² = 0%) and treatment responses (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.47, P < 0.01; I² = 19%) in terms of HAMD-17 scores. The HAMD-17, SDS and SERS scores were assessed as low quality by GRADE and the other indices as being of moderate quality. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture as an adjunct to antidepressants may enhance the therapeutic effectiveness and reduce the adverse drug reactions in patients receiving antidepressants. These findings must be interpreted with caution, as the evidence was of low or moderate quality and there was a lack of comparative data with a placebo control. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION INPLASY202150008.
Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects* ; Depression/drug therapy* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/drug therapy* ; Humans

The Chinese herbs have been used for thousands years, their effects were certified in clinic. The compatibility of Chinese medicine prescriptions is the basis principle in clinical application. In order to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity, reasonable compatibility of the Chinese herbs is the main method for the safety and effective use. However, it is not clear about its mechanism. So it is necessary to study their mechanisms by using the modern pharmacological technology. At present, there are some studies on the mechanisms of the compatibility relating with toxicity or adverse effect attenuation, for instance, reducing the dose of toxic Chinese herbs, changing their pharmacokinetic parameter and resisting the damage to human body system. In this paper, we planed to review the attenuation mechanism of the prescription compatibility from relevant studies.
Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects

Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; therapy ; Humans ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of Xingnao Kaiqiao (regaining consciousness and opening orifices) acupuncture on the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS: A total number of 142 patients of cerebral infarction undergoing rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis were randomized into an acupuncture-medication group (71 cases) and a western medication group (71 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the western medication group, rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis was given. In the acupuncture-medication group, besides the intervention as the control group, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture was provided at Shuigou (GV 26), Neiguan (PC 6), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Jiquan (HT 1), etc. once daily. One treatment session contained 6 treatments and 1 session was required. Before and after treatment, the score of the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), the levels of the relevant indexes of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) (platelet [PLT], D-dimer and fibrinogen), the incidences of sICH and adverse effect were compared between groups. The efficacy was assessed in two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, NIHSS scores and the levels of D-dimer were reduced compared with those before treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and those in the acupuncture-medication group were lower than the western medication group (P<0.05). The level of fibrinogen in the acupuncture-medication group was increased in comparison with that before treatment (P<0.05), and also higher than the western medication group (P<0.05). The incidence of sICH was 0% (0/71) in the acupuncture-medication group, lower than 8.6% (6/70) in the western medication group (P<0.05). The effective rate was 97.2% (69/71) in the acupuncture-medication group, higher than 87.1% (61/70) in the western medication group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse effect was 2.8% (2/71) in the acupuncture-medication group, lower than 12.9% (9/70) in the western medication group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture may improve the efficacy of rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis in the patients with cerebral infraction and decrease the incidences of sICH and adverse effect. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of fibrinogen and D-dimer levels.
Acupuncture Therapy/adverse effects* ; Cerebral Infarction/drug therapy* ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Stroke/drug therapy* ; Thrombolytic Therapy/adverse effects* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/adverse effects* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide in children with cough variant asthma.

METHODSThe databases CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, EMbase, and BioMed Central were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed for RCTs which met the inclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform quality assessment of the articles included and Meta analysis.

RESULTSA total of 11 RCTs involving 1 097 patients were included. The results of the Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group (inhalation of budesonide alone), the observation group (inhalation of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide) had significantly higher overall response rate and more improved pulmonary function parameters including forced expiratory volume in the first second, percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second, and peak expiratory flow, as well as significantly lower recurrence rate (P<0.01). The incidence of adverse events showed no significant difference between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSInhalation of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide has a significant effect in children with cough variant asthma and does not increase the incidence of adverse events.

Acetates ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Bronchodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Child ; Cough ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Quinolines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

Multi-target anticancer drugs have a more comprehensive and extensive range of action,and there is an uncertain risk in the combination of two drugs.A case of acute toxicity induced by erlotinib combined with cabozantinib is reported in this article.
Anilides ; adverse effects ; Drug Eruptions ; etiology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; adverse effects ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; chemically induced ; Pyridines ; adverse effects

To systemically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sinomenine combined with methotrexate(SIN+MTX) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Literature databases of Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were retrieved comprehensively for relevant clinical trials. The literature retrieval time was from database establishment to February 4, 2020. The quality of literatures was assessed by the Cochrane Evaluation Handbook 5.1.0, and qualified literature was reviewed and analyzed by using the RevMan 5.3 statistical software. Twenty randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, and were enrolled in the Meta-analysis. The results showed that SIN+MTX remarkably reduced DAS28(MD=-0.85, 95%CI[-1.03,-0.67], P<0.000 01), and improved total efficiency(P<0.000 01). SIN+MTX could inhibit swollen joint count(MD=-1.19, 95%CI[-1.75,-0.63], P<0.000 1), tender joint count(MD=-1.58, 95%CI[-2.89,-0.28], P=0.02) and reduce morning stiffness time(MD=-8.44, 95%CI[-11.82,-5.07], P<0.000 01) compared with control group. The results showed that SIN+MTX was equal to control group in grip strength(SMD=0.20,95%CI[-1.11,1.51],P=0.77). SIN+MTX remarkably alleviated the erythrocyte sedimentation rate(MD=-9.87, 95%CI[-14.52,-5.22], P<0.000 1), C-reactive protein(SMD=-0.30, 95%CI[-0.51,-0.09], P=0.005), and rheumatoid factor(MD=-11.23,95%CI[-13.81,-8.65],P<0.000 01). The frequency of adverse reactions were reduced compared with that in the control group(P<0.000 01). Current clinical studies demonstrate that the efficacy and safety of SIN+MTX in the treatment of RA were superior to control group. However, due to the low quality and quantity of the included studies, high-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to support the clinical evidences.
Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Methotrexate/adverse effects* ; Morphinans