In recent years,the basal and clinical research in gonadal dysgenesis has achieved great progress.Considerable literatures concerning the diagnosis and therapy of these diseases have been published.In this review,we analyzed and summarized some more instructive literatures for clinical practice,discussed the problems and defects in gonadal dysgenesis research in China,and proposed some suggestions.

During surgery and radiation therapy,demands for higher quality of quantification and visualization of cerebral vessels need to be met.Hence,automatic (or semi-automatic) extractions of accurate cerebral vessel information seem particularly important.This paper reviews the cerebral vessel segmentation methods used in recent years,including statistics-based segmentation,deformable model,multi-scale method,prior knowledgebased method,and so on.The methods are divided into the following three categories:voxel intensity based approach,vascular tubular structure based approach,and prior knowledge-based approach.

Radiotherapy alone and local excision combined with radiotherapy have been alternative treatments of early rectal carcinoma resection.Compared with radical surgery,both radiotherapy alone and local excision combined with radiotherapy can get satisfactory effect,and prevent the high rate of complications and adverse reactions,which will improve the quality of life for patients with rectal carcinoma and should be recommended.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of naringin and neonaringin in Biantong Capsule .Methods The HPLC analysis was performed on a Zorbax Extend C18Column(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm), Acetonitrile-0.1 % phosphoric acid (20:80)as mobile phase, the detective wavelength was at 283 nm, flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 30℃.Results Naringin and neohes peridin showed a good linear relationship with range in 0.1147-2.867μg, 0.0807-2.0169μg, respectively.The recovery were 98.7 %and 98.4 %.Conclusion The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable.And it can be applied to control the quality of Biantong Capsule.

Objective　To investigate whether or not the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can supresses the protein expression of VEGF.Methods　SMMC 7721 is a cell line that expresses VEGF.Therefore the medium conditioned by SMMC 7721 stimulates proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC).Synthesized antisense ODN complementary to one region of VEGF mRNA was added into the medium of SMMC 7721.The expression of VEGF and the stimulation effect of SMMC 7721 was then determined.Result　It was found that by means of inhibition of VEGF expression,the stimulation effect of SMMC 7721 was inhibited by the VEGF antisense ODN in a dose-dependent manner.At a dosage of 1,2.5,5,10μmol/L,the inhibition rate was 63.2%,82.4%,210% and 287.5%,respectively.Conclusion　It is promising that VEGF antisense ODN works as a new gene therapeutic modaliey for antiangiogenesis of HCC.

Objective: To determine Vitexin, Vitexin 2″ O Rhamonside, Hyperoside, Rutin in Shanzha powder. Method: HPLC method was used. Chromatographic conditions included Hypersil C 18 colum and mobile phase consists of methanol and 1% acetic acid (30∶70). The detection wavelength was 359nm.Conclusion: This method was simple, quick and accurate for determination of the four favonoids in Shanzha Powder.

Objective To explore the effect of NF-?B activation induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in rat Kupffer cells(KCs). Methods KCs were divided randomly into three groups. A group was control group. KCs were co-cultured with LPS in B group. KCs were co-cultured with LPS and PDTC in C group. NF-?B activity of KCs was determined with EMSA. Content of I-?B protein in KCs was detected with western blot. Expression levels of TNF-? mRNA, IL-6 mRNA of KCs were measured with RT-PCR. Results LPS induced NF-?B activation of KCs, decreased I-?B content of KCs, and increased expression levels of TNF-? mRNA and IL-6 mRNA markedly. PDTC could diminish the above effects of LPS on KCs. Conclusions NF-?B activation induced by LPS may induce cell injury by promoting expressions of TNF-? mRNA and IL-6 mRNA in KCs. PDTC could decrease mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators by suppressing excessive NF-?B activation in KCs.

[Objective]To investigate the late results of pedicle screw system and cage fixation for lumbar broken isthmus spondylolisthesis.[Method]Totally 86 patients with broken isthmus spondylolisthesis were collected and analyzed from October 1996 to October 2002,they were all reduced and fixed with pedicle screw system and cage.Group 1,62 patients were put one cage in the interbody at an angle of 45 degree from posterior to anterior,while Group 2,24 patients were put two cages in the interbody vertically from posterior to anterior.The height of interbody and the most proximal interbody' s height were measured,the rate was calculated.These rate were acquired preoperatively,2 weeks postoperatively and follow-up period respectively.[Result]The follow-up period was 24~96 months,averaged 35 months.The excellent and good rates were 80.23 per cent,according to Nakai standard.Ninteen patients with one degree spondylolisthesis were reduced anatomically after surgery.Fifty-one patients with two degree spondylolisthesis were reduced anatomically except 5 patients with one degree spondylolisthesis left.Sixteen patients with three degree spondylolisthesis were reduced anatomically except 4 patients with one degree spondylolisthesis left.There were loss of spondylolisthesis reduction at follow-up period comparing with 2 weeks postoperatively in two groups.However there was no statistical significance between the two groups.[Conclusion]Lumbar spondylolisthesis should be treated with pedicle screw system and cage,which may decrease the complications such as broken screw and spondylolisthesis recurrency postoperatively.One piece of cage is enough to make interbody stable.It is also an ideal procedure for lumbar spondylolisthesis.

[Objective] To evaluate the efficiency of Halovest external immobilization on the treatment of traumatic cervical fracture or dislocation.[Method]From February 1997 to July 2005,129 patients with cervical fracture or dislocation were treated in our hospital;all the patients were divided into two groups randomly.First group: 70 patients were treated with Halo-vest traction,among them 31 patients were treated with Halo vest combined jacket orthosis;others were treated with Halo vests and surgery(anterior route approach 18 cases,posterior route approach 17 cases,4 patients operated by anterior and posterior approach).The second group: 59 patients were treated with skull traction.Among them 13 patients were treated with skull traction and orthosis,others were treated with skull traction and surgery(anterior route approach 22 cases,posterior route approach 20 cases,4 patients operated by anterior and posterior approach).[Result]All the patients were followed 6~48 months(average 12 months).There was no statistical significance in two groups with reduction of upper cervical spine fracture and dislocation.However on the reduction of lower cervical injury groups,the prognosis with Halo-vest is significantly better than the other group.And the time for bed rest was much less than the skull traction.All the patients' spinal cord function improved obviously after treatment.[Conclusion]Halo-vest external fixation is an easy and effective way to treat cervical injuries.It can improve the reduction of the cervical injuries and it's capability of reduction and maintenance are much better than skull traction.

[Objective]To study the effect of TGF?1 on the expression of fibronectin and ?1 integrin receptor in chronic viral myocarditis of myocardial fibrosis induced by repeated virus infection and the interventional effect of QingXin.[Methods] Establish mice model of myocardial fibrosis in chronic stage of viralmyocarditis,then divide the mice model into model group,captopril group,QingXinⅡ high dose,medium dose and low dose groups.The normal group and model group are given saline through stomach perfusing,as well as the treated group are given respectively captopril and QingXinⅡ high,medium and low dose in the same way.After the treatment,hearts are collected,CVB3-RNA are detected by RT-PCR,TGF?1 and FN are detected by immunohistochemical technique,integrin?1 are analyzed by immunofluorescence staining-confocal laser scanning.[Results] After having done the model,TGF?1,integrin?1,FN has increased obviously;virus can be detected in themyocardium by RT-PCR;after the intervention of QingXinⅡ,TGF?1,integrin?1,FN has decreased,virus has reduced in treated group.[Conclusion] Virus,TGF?1,integrin?1 and FN have important effects on the formation ofmyocardial fibrosis;QingXinⅡ has the function of antivirus and anti-myocardial fibrosis.