The study investigated the intrinsic changes in material basis of Angelicae Sinensis Radix during wine processing by headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(HS-GC-IMS), headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS), and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) combined with chemometrics. HS-GC-IMS fingerprints of Angelicae Sinensis Radix before and after wine processing were established to analyze the variation trends of volatile components and characterize volatile small-molecule substances before and after processing. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed for differentiation and difference analysis. A total of 89 volatile components in Angelicae Sinensis Radix were identified by HS-GC-IMS, including 14 unsaturated hydrocarbons, 16 aldehydes, 13 ketones, 9 alcohols, 16 esters, 6 organic acids, and 15 other compounds. HS-SPME-GC-MS detected 118 volatile components, comprising 42 unsaturated hydrocarbons, 11 aromatic compounds, 30 alcohols, 8 alkanes, 6 organic acids, 4 ketones, 7 aldehydes, 5 esters, and 5 other volatile compounds. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS identified 76 non-volatile compounds. PCA revealed distinct clusters of raw and wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix samples across the three detection methods. Both PCA and OPLS-DA effectively discriminated between the two groups, and 145 compounds(VIP>1) were identified as critical markers for evaluating processing quality, including 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, ethyl 2-methylpentanoate, and 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane detected by HS-GC-IMS, angelic acid, β-pinene, and germacrene B detected by HS-SPME-GC-MS, and L-tryptophan, licoricone, and angenomalin detected by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS. In conclusion, the integration of the three detection methods with chemometrics elucidates the differences in the chemical material basis between raw and wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix, providing a scientific foundation for understanding the processing mechanisms and clinical applications of wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix.
Wine/analysis* ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Angelica sinensis/chemistry* ; Solid Phase Microextraction/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Chemometrics ; Volatile Organic Compounds/chemistry* ; Principal Component Analysis ; Ion Mobility Spectrometry/methods*

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To examine the changing antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterobacter spp.isolates in 53 hospitals across China from 2015 t0 2021.Methods The clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp.were collected from 53 hospitals across China during 2015-2021 and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer method or automated testing systems according to the CHINET unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints issued by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)in 2021(M100 31st edition)and analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 37 966 Enterobacter strains were isolated from 2015 to 2021.The proportion of Enterobacter isolates among all clinical isolates showed a fluctuating trend over the 7-year period,overall 2.5％in all clinical isolates amd 5.7％in Enterobacterale strains.The most frequently isolated Enterobacter species was Enterobacter cloacae,accounting for 93.7％(35 571/37 966).The strains were mainly isolated from respiratory specimens(44.4±4.6)％,followed by secretions/pus(16.4±2.3)％and urine(16.0±0.9)％.The strains from respiratory samples decreased slightly,while those from sterile body fluids increased over the 7-year period.The Enterobacter strains were mainly isolated from inpatients(92.9％),and only(7.1±0.8)％of the strains were isolated from outpatients and emergency patients.The patients in surgical wards contributed the highest number of isolates(24.4±2.9)％compared to the inpatients in any other departement.Overall,≤ 7.9％of the E.cloacae strains were resistant to amikacin,tigecycline,polymyxin B,imipenem or meropenem,while ≤5.6％of the Enterobacter asburiae strains were resistant to these antimicrobial agents.E.asburiae showed higher resistance rate to polymyxin B than E.cloacae(19.7％vs 3.9％).Overall,≤8.1％of the Enterobacter gergoviae strains were resistant to tigecycline,amikacin,meropenem,or imipenem,while 10.5％of these strains were resistant to polycolistin B.The overall prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter was 10.0％over the 7-year period,but showing an upward trend.The resistance profiles of Enterobacter isolates varied with the department from which they were isolated and whether the patient is an adult or a child.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E.cloacae was the highest in the E.cloacae isolates from ICU patients.Conclusions The results of the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program indicate that the proportion of Enterobacter strains in all clinical isolates fluctuates slightly over the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The Enterobacter strains showed increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs,especially carbapenems over the 7-year period.

Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Objective:To understand the current situation of nurses in 52 hospitals in China on mastery of knowledge about skin injury in the elderly based on the background of mixed-mode homogenization training.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 1 067 nurses from 52 hospitals in China were selected as the research objects in January 2021. A self-designed questionnaire on knowledge of skin injury in the elderly was used to investigate the nurses through the questionnaire star and univariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. A total of 1 067 questionnaires were distributed and 1 067 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 100%.Results:The knowledge scores of pressure injury, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tear and xerosis cutis among 1067 nurses were (95.66±7.37) , (95.65±9.15) , (91.37±15.45) and (87.67±15.91) , respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that hospital grade was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge score of pressure injury, skin tear and incontinence-associated dermatitis ( P<0.05) , educational background was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge score of skin tear ( P<0.05) , professional title was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge scores of pressure injury, incontinence-associated dermatitis and xerosis cutis ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Hospitals at all levels need to strengthen the theoretical and practical knowledge training for nurses on skin xerosis and skin tear in the elderly, especially for nurses with primary titles and lower education in grassroots hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of hematopoietic reconstruction in mice treated with Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) combined with the muscle-derived stem cell transplantation (MDSCT). METHODS: Female Kunming mice were randomly divided into the 6 groups: irradiation model, the bone marrow transplantation, the MDSC transplantation, the DBD 1 (4.5 g/kg), 2 (13.5 g/kg), and 3 (22.5 g/kg) + MDSC transplantation. After a week of oral administration of normal saline or different doses of DBD, The mice were exposied to 8 Gy Cs γ ray and were followed by bone marrow or MDSC transplantation. The expression levels of Notch1, Jagged1 and Hes1 in bone marrow, thymus and spleen were measured at 3 and 8 weeks after irradiation and transplantation. RESULTS: In the bone marrow, 3 weeks after above-mentioned treatment, the expression of Notch1 mRNA increased obviously and the expression of Jagged1, Hes1 mRNA decreased obviously in each intervention group, compared with the irradiation model group. 8th week after treatment, the expression of Notch1 mRNA decreased obviously in each intervention group, the Jagged1 mRNA expression decreased obviously except the bone marrow group, and Hes1 mRNA expression increased (P＜0.05) in each intervention group. 3 weeks after treatment, compared with the irradiation model group, the expression of Notch1 mRNA in the thymocytes increased only in DBD1+MDSC group, Jagged1, Hes1 mRNA was increased in the MDSC transplantation group and the DBD1、2+MDSC group. 8th week after treatment, the expression of Notch1, Jagged1 mRNA expression decreased in each intervention group, the expression of Hes1 mRNA increased obviously in the MDSC transplantation group and the DBD1、2+MDSC group (P＜0.05). In the spleen, 3 weeks after treatment, the expression of Notch1, Jagged1 mRNA in the spleen of each intervention group decreased obviously, compared with the irradiation model group. The expression of Jagged1, Hes1 mRNA in each intervention group were increased obviously 8th week after treatment (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION MDSC transplantation after pretreatment of DBD can improve the hematopoietic reconstitution in mice with lethal dose radiation damage. Notch1、Jagged1 and Hes1 play different roles in this process, but the concrete mechanism needs to be further studied.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic System ; Mice ; Spleen

Recent studies have revealed that the property of drug is mainly associated with the body's substance and energy metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate the drug property of Poria, called Fuling (FL) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in terms of its effects on the substance and energy metabolism in rat models of cold-deficiency and heat-deficiency syndromes, compared with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia, called Fuzi (FZ) in TCM, with hot property, and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, called Zhimu (ZM) in TCM, with cold property, as reference drugs, respectively. The appearance score, toe and rectal temperatures of the animals treated were assessed at different time points. Several indices in vivo correlated with substance and energy metabolism (glucokinas, phosphoglycerate kinase, cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome c oxydase, and Na-K-ATPase), endocrine system (triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid), nervous system (acetylcholin esterase), and cyclic nucleotide system were determined. The changes in appearance score and indices in vivo suggested the successful establishment of cold-deficiency and heat-deficiency syndrome models. FZ reversed the decreased levels of indices (substance and energy metabolism and endocrine system) and alleviated the syndrome of cold-deficiency model, and ZM showed obviously therapeutic effect on heat-deficiency syndrome (appearance score, substance and energy metabolism, and endocrine system). FL could alleviate cold-deficiency syndrome and raise the decreased levels of glucokinas, phosphoglycerate kinase, cytochrome c reductase and triiodothyronine in cold-deficiency model, but had no significant effect on heat-deficiency syndrome. Drug property of FL was inferred as trending to "flat and warm", which still need further study. It was advisable to adopt both cold-deficiency and heat-deficiency models to study the drugs with "flat" property.
Animals ; Cold Temperature ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Poria ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic postconditioning on autophagy and learning and memory impairment in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury by P38MAPK.Methods Ninty-six rats were randomly divided into sham group ( Sham group), cerebral ischemia reperfusion group ( CIR group),cerebral ischemic postconditioning group ( CIP group) and cerebral ischemic postconditioning com-bined with SB203580 group (CIP + SB203580 group),and 24 rats in each group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia was established by Pulsinelli four-vessel occlusion. The learning and memory abilities of rats were measured by Morris water maze. HE staining were used to detect the morphological changes of hippocampal neurons. The phosphorylation of P38MAPK and Beclin-1,LC3-Ⅱexpression were observed by immunohisto-chemistry. Results Compared with the Sham group,the number of crossing the platform decreased(24 h: (3.04±0.20)times),and the escape latency was longer in CIR group(24 h:(58.38±1.52) s) (all P＜0.05). The number of survival neurons reduced (24 h:70.93±1.86),and the expression of P38MAPK,LC3-Ⅱ,Bec-lin-1 in immunohistochemistry were increased in CIR group(all P＜0.05). Compared with CIR group,the number of crossing the platform at each time point increased (24 h:(5.46±0.50)times),the escape latency was shorter (24 h:(52.42±1.53)s),the number of survival neurons increased at each time point(24 h:(83.07±5.30)) and the expression level of P38MAPK decreased in the CIP group,while the expression lev-el of LC3-II,Beclin-1 increased (all P＜0.05).Compared with the CIP group,the number of crossing the plat-form((24 h:(7.13±0.33)times),the escape latency was shorter (24 h:(48.04±1.39)s),the number of survival neurons increased at each time point(24 h:(91.40±1.74)),and the expression of P38MAPK was down-regulated,while the expression of LC3-II,Beclin-1 were up-regulated in CIP +SB203580 group(all P＜0.05). Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can improve learning and memory impairment in rats with is-chemia-reperfusion injury by P38MAPK regulating autophagy.

OBJECTIVETo explore the better therapy in the treatment of ganglion.

METHODSNinety cases of ganglion were randomized into a two-way quintuple puncture group, a common quintuple puncture group and a fire needling group, 30 cases in each one. In the two-way quintuple puncture group, the "9-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was used. In the common quintuple puncture group, the traditional "5-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was applied. In the fire needling group, the traditional multiple fire needling technique was adopted. The treatment was given once a day, 3 treatments made one session and the efficacy was analyzed statistically after 1 session treatment in the three groups.

RESULTSAll of the three therapeutic methods achieved the efficacy on ganglion. The curative rate was 96. 7% (29/30) in the two-way quintuple puncture group, which was better obviously than 66.7% (20/30) in the common quintuple puncture group and 60. 0% (18/30) in the fire needling group (both P<0. 01).

CONCLUSIONThe two-way quintuple puncture technique achieves the remarkably superior efficacy on ganglion as compared with the common quintuple puncture technique and fire needling technique.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy differences among warming-promotion acupuncture, regular acupuncture and psychological care for post-earthquake depression.

METHODSNinety cases of post-earthquake depression in Gansu province were randomly divided into a warming-promotion acupuncture group, a regular acupuncture group and a care group, 30 cases in each one. The psychological treatment was applied in the care group; the regular acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1)), Fengchi (GB 20), Shenmen (HT 7), Yang-lingquan (GB 34), Taichong (LR 3) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) was used in the regular acupuncture group; based on the treatment of regular acupuncture group, the warming-promotion acupuncture was applied in the warming-promotion acupuncture group, once a day. Ten days were taken as one course with an interval of two days between two courses. Totally 3 treatment courses were completed. The Hamilton depression (HAMD) scale before and after treatment in each group was observed while the efficacy was analyzed.

RESULTSAll three treatments were effective for depression. The total cured rate was 86.67% (26/30) in the warming-promotion acupuncture group, which was obviously superior to 50.00% (15/30) in the regular acupuncture group (P < 0.01) and 33.33% (10/30) in the care group (P < 0.001). After the treatment, the score of HAMD was all reduced in three groups, in which the effect in warming-promotion acupuncture group was superior to that in the regular acupuncture group and care group (9.02 +/- 2.37 vs 10.73 +/- 2.28 and 11.05 +/- 2.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe warming-promotion acupuncture has positive effect on post-earthquake depression, which has special effect and is worthy of clinical generalization and application.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Depression ; therapy ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Young Adult