Objectives To elucidate the effect of APS replacing cytokine on inducing the cord blood monocyte in vitro into the dendritic cells (DCs) and its cellar immunological characteristic. Methods The cord blood monocytes were isolated and obtained by lymphocyte isolation. three groups were divided: ②Cultured in the RPMI-1640 culture with GM-CSF/IL-4/TNF-?,as the positive control group, with APS in concentration (100mg/L) as the experimental group,and without GM-CSF/IL-4/ TNF-?and APS,as the negative control group, respectively. The morphotype of DCs was identified by inverted optical microscope or scanning electron microscope. The phenotype of cultured 12 days DCs (CD1a, CD80, CD86, and CD83) was identified by flowcytometry. Results Cultured for 72 hours , the morphous of cell of the experimental group grew clustering and began to change from round to irregularity, appearing rough cell face and barb pustute. The longer cell cultured, the more obvious the dendritic structure is. The experimental group cell cultured for 12 days had the most typical dendritic structure. the negative control group cell had no dendritic structure and became the macrophage when cultured for 12 days. The experimental group cell cultured for 10 days showed typical dendritic morphotype by SEM. The experiment group cell and the positive group cell cultured for 12 days significantly expressed the high level phenotype of DCs((CD1a, CD80, CD86, and CD83))by flowcytometry. Conclusions APS and cytokine both could induce the cord blood monocyte to direofive differentiate into functional DC.

Objective To study the value of transurethral electro-resection for renal pelvic tumor.Methods Transurethral electro-resection was performed on 11 patients after resection of the kidney.A F8 catheter was inserted into the bladder via the distal end of the ureter.The mucosal tissues around the ureter were then cut,and the ureter was fixed to the catheter and removed by pulling out the catheter.Results The operation was completed in all of the cases with a mean operation time of 115 min(65 to 170 min).None of the patients developed infection or hemorrhage after the surgery.11 patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months(mean,11 months),and no one died during the period.No tumor implantation or other intra-bladder masses were found.ConclusionsTransurethral electro-resection is feasible and safe for renal pelvic tumor.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrapleural fibrinolytic agents in the treatment of childhood empyema.Methods The data from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Chinese BioMedical (CBM),PubMed,VIP Database and Cochrane library were reviewed.Randomized control trials by using intrapleural fibrinolytic agents to treat childhood empyema were included.Two reviewers independently extracted the data from the eligible studies and evaluated the quality of the included studies.Meta-analysis was performed for the results of homogeneous studies using RevMan 5.2 software,while others analyzed descriptively.Results Five randomized control trials involving 248 children with empyema were included.Meta-analysis was not made in all of the indexes because of apparent heterogeneity and limited data.Two trials were compared which involved 98 patients receiving fibrinolytic agents or 9 g/L saline.The results suggested that fibrinolytic agents shortened the length of hospital stay and reduced complication(all P ＜ 0.05),but no significant differences were found between the 2 groups in the effective rate,duration of fever and pleural effusion amount(OR =3.61,95％ CI 0.84-15.49,P ＞ 0.05).Three trials involving 150 patients compared fibrinolytic agents and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).The data suggested that no significant differences were found between 2 groups in the effective rate (OR =0.70,95 ％ CI 0.30-0.61,P ＞ 0.05),but fibrinolytic agents cost less (P ＜ 0.05).The adverse drug reactions to intrapleural fibrinolytic agents were mild to moderate,and well tolerated.Conclusions The findings suggest that intrapleural fibrinolytic agents in the treatment of childhood empyema is safe and effective,especially in encapsulated effusion.Compared to 9 g/L saline,it can shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce complication.Compared with VATS,the curative effect is similar,while intrapleural fibrinolytic agents are economic.

Objective To explore the feasibility of in-flow inversion recovery (IFIR)sequence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)at 1.5T in diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods A total of 45 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome diagnosed by surgery or interventional surgery in our institution were enrolled.The prerequisite of the study was that all medical imaging data including MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)should be integrated.Then,the diagnostic accuracy rates between IFIR sequence and DSA were analyzed and compared.Results Of all 45 patients with BCS,40 (88.9%)were diagnosed accurately by IF-IR sequence,including typeⅠa in 10,typeⅠb in 14,typeⅡ in 10 and type Ⅲ in 6.Meanwhile,41 (91.1%)were diagnosed accu-rately by DSA,including typeⅠa in 8,typeⅠb in 14,typeⅡ in 13 and type Ⅲ in 6.No significant difference was showed in diag-nostic accuracy between two imaging methods (P >0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of IFIR sequence was highly consistent with that of DSA(r =0.853,P <0.001 ).However,there existed significant difference be-tween two methods in accurate diagnosis of typeⅠa and typeⅡ BCS (P <0.05).Conclusion MRI IFIR sequence at 1.5T is highly consistent with DSA in diagnosis and classification of BCS,which can be used as a reliable method of preoperative screening for BCS diagnosis.

Objective To study radiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in children. Methods The chest X-ray films of 1295 children patients of HFMD were analyzed,for the general X-ray manifestations and the evolution. Results A total of 1427 films was obtained from all patients, in which 1203 cases were normal and 224 cases were abnormal. The interstitial changes characterized the abnormal group, mainly as increased and vague lung markings, increased hilar shadows (137 cases).The parenchyma changes appeared as patchy exudative shadows(49 cases). Short-term dynamic observation was applied in 62 cases, 38 cases pulmonary disease progression manifested as normal and the interstitial type changing into the parenchyma type and the mixed type, the localized type changing into the diffuse type. Conclusions Most children patients of HFMD showed normal chest films, while the abnormal patients were characterized by interstitial and parenchyma pulmonary edema. Serial chest X-ray examination and short-term dynamic observation were important to identify the severe cases and assess patients' condition.

Objective:To observe the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS) on inducing the cord blood monocytes into mature dendritic cells(DCs) in vitro and to investigate their morphous,cellar immunological characteristics,and contribution to T cell proliferation.Methods:①The cord blood monocytes were isolated by lymphocyte isolating solution under axenic condition,and three groups were divided.②Cells cultured with APS in concentration of 100 mg/L as the experiment group, that with the cytokines of GM-CSF/IL-4/TNF-? as the positive control, and another without either GM-CSF/IL-4/TNF-? or APS as the negative control, respectively. The morphology of DCs was identified by inverted optical microscope or scanning electron microscope. The phenotype of 12 days cultures of DCs(CD1a, CD80, CD86 and CD83) were identified by flowcytometry. The DCs preparations from the experiment group were treated with mitomycin for 45 min to remove their proliferative activity as incentive cells in the mixed cultures with allogenic peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers as responders. T cell proliferation induced with the DCs preparations was detected by MTT chromatometry.Results:After cultured for 72 hours, the cell of both the experiment group and the positive control grew dusteringly and began to change from round to irregularin shapes. The longer the cells were cultured, the more obvious the dendritic structure is. The cells of experiment group and the positive control group when cultured for 12 days had the most typical dendritic structure. The negative control group cells had no dendritic structure and became macrophages when cultured for 12 days. The experiment group cells cultured for 10 days showed typical dendritic morphology by SEM. The experiment group cells and the positive group cells cultured for 12 days significantly expressed high level of the phenotypes of DCs(CD1a, CD80, CD86 and CD83) by flowcytometry.And the difference exhibitied statistical significance when compared with the negative control group(P0.05).The mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that the DCs induced by APS trigerred proliferation of allogenic T cells obviously.Conclusion:Both APS and cytokine could induce the cord blood monocytes to differentiate into functional DCs committedly. DCs reduced by APS stimualate proliferation of the allogenic T cells obviously.

Objective To study the manifestations and diagnostic value of MRI for cavernous hemangioma in maxillofacial region.Methods Thirty-one cases of cavernous hemangioma in maxillofacial region proved pathologically were retrospectively analyzed.Results The lesions localized in parotideomasseteric region in 13 cases,in buccal and zygomalicotemporal region in 12 cases,in orbital area in 3 cases and labium in 3 cases.The lesions appeared as ellipse or round-like in 3 cases,fusiform in 2 cases,mass or flat irregular shape in 26 cases.On MRI,20 cases showed long T1 signal intensity,4 cases were slight long T1 and 7 cases were equal T1;on T2WI,27 cases showed high signal intensity and 4 were slight signal intensity.Conclusion The diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma in maxillofacial region can be verified and the shape,the extent of lesion can also be showed by MRI.It provides a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and operative plan.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the relationship of clinical pharmacist with hemodialysis patients through pharmaceutical care and select individualized therapeutic regime by pharmacists and physicians in order to reduce high blood pressure and improve quality of life in hemodialysis patients. METHODS:Hemodialysis patients with hypertension being in line with included cretria were collected and randomly divided into pharmaceutical care group(n=20) and non-pharmaceutical care group(n=21). RESULTS:After 3 months of treatment,in pharmaceutical care group SBP was decreased from 158 mmHg to 139 mmHg and DBP from 95 mmHg to 84 mmHg;in non-pharmaceutical care group SBP was decreased from 155 mmHg to 152 mmHg and DBP from 96 mmHg to 93 mmHg. There was significant difference between pharmaceutical care group and non- pharmaceutical care group (P

Objective To compare the effectiveness,safety and related clinical indicators between simple drainage treatment and drainage treatment combined with intrathoracic urokinase for children with parapneumonic pleural effusion(PPE).Methods Twenty-nine in patients with PPE given pleural effusion drainage in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected as research subjects,who were divided into a simple group and an urokinase group based on whether intrathoracic urokinase was injected or not.The total number of hospital stay,the total drainage volume,the total number of catheter days,the total cost,the days with fever,efficient rate,operation rate and security of the patients were retrospectively analyzed between two groups.Results The intrathoracic days of hospital stay [M(P25,P75)] of urokinase group[19(11,30) days]were less than those of simple group[30(21,38) days],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.545,P =0.011);the total drainage volume[M(P25,P75)] of the urokinase group [430 (175,1 308) mL] was more than that of the simple group [110 (10,325)mL],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.811,P =0.005);the total number of catheter days [M (P25,P75)] of urokinase group [9 (7,19) days] was less than that of the simple group [20 (10,30) days],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.020,P =0.043);the total cost [M(P25,P75)] of the urokinase group [20 000(10 000,30 000)RMB] was less than that of the simple group [40 000 (30 000,50 000) RMB],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.631,P =0.009);the days with fever between urokinase group and the simple group was not significant (Z =-0.820,P =0.412).The urokinase group had a higher cure rate[76.9％ (10/13 cases)] and a lower surgical rate [23.1％ (3/13 cases)] compared with those of the simple group[18.7％ (3/16 cases),81.3％ (3/16 cases)],and the difference was significant (x2 =9.814,P =0.003).Conclusions Intrapleural urokinase therapy as an adjuvant treatment of PPE is simple and convenient,economic,higher efficiency,lower risk,which can be used as an effective clinical solution such disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of large pulmonary vessel involvement in Behcet's diseaseMethods The clinical data of Behcet's disease patients with large pulmonary vessel involvement,who were treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1983 to 2008,were retrospectively analyzed.Results Thirteen patients had large pulmonary vessel involvement among a total of 418 patients with Behcet's disease.The 13 patients had a mean age of (37.5?12)years old,with 10(69.2%)having hemoptysis,8(61.5%)having dyspnea.Helical CT/CTPA showed that pulmonary vascular involvement included pulmonary arterial aneurysms(53.8%),pulmonary artery occlusion(46.2%),and pulmonary thrombi(46.2%).All the 13 patients were treated with steroid and immunosuppressant;five received steroid pulse therapy;and four received vascular intervention therapy.The mean follow-up was (3?1.6)years,with a follow-up rate of 92.5%.The 3-year survival rate was 83.9% for the 13 patients.Conclusion The manifestation of pulmonary vascular involvement in Behcet's disease is various,and the diagnosis mainly depends on the manifestations of CT pulmonary angiography.