Leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus, but it still occurs rarely, as compared with the incidence of cacinoma. There are no geographic or racial differences and manifestations are unusual and inconsistent. About 97% of the esophageal leiomyoma may oecur in intramural type and 1 of the tumor may be polypoid type. Considerable diagnostic problems may arise as well as problems of proper surgical management. We experienced a case of a 47-year old female with esophageal leiomyoma in the mid- point of the esophagus. The patient complained of substernal discomfort for 1 month and routine examinatian and gastrofiberscope were performed. The gastrofiberscopic finding was asmoothly protruded, round bean-sized polypoid mass in the midpoint of the esophagus which was removed by polypectomy. There were no other complications. So we reported this case with review of literature.
Esophagus ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leiomyoma* ; Middle Aged

We present a case of acute prostatitis with abscess. The patient had undergone intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. A prostate biopsy demonstrated tuberculous prostatitis with abscess. This case illustrates that when bladder cancer is treated with BCG, a tuberculous prostate abscess can develop.
Abscess ; Bacillus ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Prostate ; Prostatitis ; Tuberculosis ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

No abstract available.

Spontaneous esophageal perforation (Boerhaave Syndrome) is an unusual condition that frequently leads to fatal complications. It typically occurs with rigorous emesis after an unduly large meal or heavy drinking. Its diagnosis is often delayed in almost all cases due to nonspecific symptoms and signs, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are very important. Recently we experienced a case of esophagogastric junctional perforation accompanied by bilateral empyema and mediastinitis after heavy alcohol drinking in a 56-year-old male patient. He was presented with hematemesis and abdominal pain. We diagnosed him using esophagography and chest CT. Thus, we report a case with a brief review of related literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics* ; Diagnosis ; Drinking ; Early Diagnosis ; Empyema* ; Esophageal Perforation ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic* ; Lung* ; Male ; Meals ; Mediastinitis ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is a common post-operative complication that has been associated with opioid therapy. In this study, we investigated whether an intraoperative remifentanil infusion increased postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty-two healthy patients having elective minor surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Anesthesia was maintained with either sevoflurane (S group, n = 31) alone or with sevoflurane combined with a remifentanil infusion (0.1-0.2microgram/kg/min) (RS group, n = 31). Bladder urine volume and voiding difficulty were evaluated at 2 and 6 hours after the operation. RESULTS: The incidence of urinary retention was 13% in the S group and 6% in the RS group at 2 hours after operation, which was not a significant difference. The total incidence of urinary retention was 13% in both groups at 6 hours after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative remifentanil infusion did not increase the postoperative urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Incidence ; Methyl Ethers ; Piperidines ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Minor ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention

PURPOSE: Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIF) is a significant complication of radiotherapy for lung cancer. Despite the large number of studies, the molecular mechanisms of RIF are poorly understood. Therefore, the complex protein expression pattern in RIF was characterized by identifying the proteins with an altered expression level after thorax irradiation using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A mouse model of RIF was used to examine the alteration of the lung proteome because of availability of murine data related to human cases and the abundance of murine fibrotic lung samples. A mouse model of RIF was induced in radiosensitive C57BL/6 mice. Twenty-one weeks after 25 Gy irradiation, hematoxylin-eosin staining and hydroxyproline assay confirmed the early-phase pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS: Lung samples from the irradiated and age-matched control mice were used to generate 16 high quality 2-DE gels containing approximately 1,000 spots. Of the 31 significantly up- or down-regulated protein spots, 17 were identified by MALDI-TOF/MS. CONCLUSIONS: Two important upregulated proteins were found, the alpha-protease inhibitor and galectin-1, which might be used as potential markers for the early phase of RIF.
Animals ; Electrophoresis ; Galectin 1* ; Gels ; Humans ; Hydroxyproline ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mass Spectrometry ; Mice ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis* ; Radiotherapy ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease(CAD) has been related to a number of factors, including diabetes, smoking,hypertension, blood lipids, and family history of CAD. However, a few studies have examined the correlation between these factors and severity of CAD. In the present study, we aimed to define the correlation between risk factors and the severity of CAD. METHODS: The study population was 309 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography in Kang Nam St. Marys hospital between Mar. 1992 and Aug. 1994. We analyzed risk factors of CA ; age, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol cholesterol(LDL-C), the ratio of TC to HDL-C, Lp(a), uric acid, fibrinogen, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and family history of CAD. All films were reviewed without specific knowledge of blood laboratory results. Significant occlusive disease was defined as >50% diameter obstruction of a major coronary vessel. Extent of disease was defined as the number of major coronalry arteries with significant occlusive disease. RESULTS: 1) Statistically significant risk factors between one vessel disease group and multivessel disease group are age, TC, LDL-C, and diabetes in total patients and age, LDL, and diabetes in male patients. But there is no significant difference in female patients. 2) In patients with multivessel disease, age, HDL-C level are significantly lowere, and TG level and the percentage of smkoing are significantly higher, in male than female. 3) There is increase in four major risk factors(diabetes, hypertension,smoking,hypercholesterolemia) with the increased number of diseasesd coronary arteries; normal coronary group has 1.07 risk factors, one vessel disease group 1.30, two vessel disease group 1.49, and three vessel disease group 1.78. 4) In total and male patients, three independent variables are significantly associated with severity of CAD. These variables are age, smoking, and diabetes. In female patients, diabetes in only significant independent risk factor. CONCLUSION: The significant independent risk factors associated with severity of CAD are age, diabetes, and smoking in total and male patients. Whereas in female patients, diabetes is only significant independent risk factor.
Arteries ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association of P1635 and P1655 polymorphisms on dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene with smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) abnormality in Korean schizophrenia patients. METHODS: We measured SPEM function in 216 Korean schizophrenia patients (male 116, female 100) and divided them into two groups, one is a good SPEM function group and the other is a poor SPEM function group. We then analyzed P1635 polymorphism and P1655 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene from their DNAs extracted from their blood. We compared the differences of genotype and allele distributions of the two polymorphisms on DTNBP1 gene between the two groups. RESULTS: The Ln S/N ratio (mean+/-sd) of the good SPEM function group was 4.39+/-0.33 and the ratio of poor SPEM function group was 3.18+/-0.71. There were no statistically significant differences of age and male/female ratio between the two groups. There were no significant differences of genotype or allele distributions of the P1635 polymorphism and P1655 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene between the two schizophrenia groups divided by SPEM function. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that P1635 polymorphism and P1655 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene might not be related to SPEM function abnormality in schizophrenia.
Female ; Male ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association of SNP A and P1763 polymorphisms on dystrobrevin binding protein 1(DTNBP1) gene with smooth pursuit eye movement(SPEM) abnormality in Korean schizophrenic patients. METHODS: We measured SPEM function in 217 Korean schizophrenics(male 116, female 101) and divided them into two groups, one is a good SPEM function group and the other is a poor SPEM function group. We then analyzed SNP A polymorphism and P1763 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene from their DNAs extracted from their blood. We compared the differences of genotype and allele distributions of the two polymorphisms on DTNBP1 gene between the two groups. RESULTS: The Ln S/N ratio(mean+/-SD) of the good SPEM function group was 4.39+/-0.33 and the ratio of poor SPEM function group was 3.17+/-0.71. There were no statistically significant differences of age and male/female ratio between the two groups. There were no significant differences of genotype or allele distributions of the SNP A polymorphism and P1763 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene between the two schizophrenic groups divided by SPEM function. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that SNP A polymorphism and P1763 polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene might not be related to SPEM function abnormality in schizophrenia.
Alleles ; Carrier Proteins* ; DNA ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pursuit, Smooth* ; Schizophrenia

Many previous studies have shown reduced glucose uptake in the ischemic brain. In contrast, in a permanent unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) mouse model, our pilot experiments using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) revealed that a subset of mice exhibited conspicuously high uptake of glucose in the ipsilateral hemisphere at 1 week post-occlusion (asymmetric group), whereas other mice showed symmetric uptake in both hemispheres (symmetric group). Thus, we aimed to understand the discrepancy between the two groups. Cerebral blood flow and histological/metabolic changes were analyzed using laser Doppler flowmetry and immunohistochemistry/Western blotting, respectively. Contrary to the increased glucose uptake observed in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere on FDG PET (p<0.001), cerebral blood flow tended to be lower in the asymmetric group than in the symmetric group (right to left ratio [%], 36.4±21.8 vs. 58.0±24.8, p=0.059). Neuronal death was observed only in the ischemic hemisphere of the asymmetric group. In contrast, astrocytes were more activated in the asymmetric group than in the symmetric group (p<0.05). Glucose transporter-1, and monocarboxylate transporter-1 were also upregulated in the asymmetric group, compared with the symmetric group (p<0.05, respectively). These results suggest that the increased FDG uptake was associated with relatively severe ischemia, and glucose transporter-1 upregulation and astrocyte activation. Glucose metabolism may thus be a compensatory mechanism in the moderately severe ischemic brain.