No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

Ectopic pancreas is commonly located at stomach, duodenum and jejunum. It is a relatively rare entity and is usually of no clinical importance which especially is a very rare source of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We have recently experienced a case of an ectopic pancreas in the second portion of the duodenum which was proven to be a source of massive gastrointestinal bleeding by duodenoscopy and was confirmed by surgical exploration.
Duodenoscopy ; Duodenum* ; Esophagus* ; Hemorrhage* ; Intestines* ; Jejunum ; Pancreas* ; Stomach*

OBJECT: In order to estimate the frequency and risk factors for adenomyosis. METHOD: The clinical records of 1127 women undergoing hysterectomy were retrieved in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon Christian Hospital, during 7 years, from Jan. 1st 1991 to Dec. 31st 1997. RESULT: The following results were obtained. 1. Adenomyosis was found in 206 of 1127 patients(18.3%). 2. The highest incidence was 41-50 years of age group, an incidence of 55% and mean age group was 46.9 years. 3. Adenomyosis was more frequently observed in parous woman than non-parous woman, such as 8.3% and 91.7%, respectively. 4. Grossly, the size of uterus was enlarged more than 10 weeks gestational size in adenomyosis, an incidence of 62.4%. 5. Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and metrorrhagia were common symptom of adenomyosis, an incidence of 26.7%, 25.2% and 19.4%, respectively. 6. Myoma was the most combined disease in adenomyosis, showing the incidence of 53.4%. 7. Combined pelvic endometriosis was not observed in this study. 8. Endometrial findings of adenomyosis showed proliferative phase of normal endometrial cycle in the highest incidence, giving 72.3% of all cases. 9. Preoperative diagnostic accurracy of adenomyosis was 8.2%. CONCLUSION: This results show that deeply understanding of the common symptom and epidemiology of adenomyosis improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy.
Adenomyosis* ; Dysmenorrhea ; Endometriosis ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incheon ; Incidence ; Menstrual Cycle ; Metrorrhagia ; Myoma ; Obstetrics ; Pelvic Pain ; Risk Factors ; Uterus

To determine the optimal media conditions for the detection of the extracellular cellulase activity in Ganoderma neo-japonicum, we varied three media conditions: dye reagent, pH, and temperature. We evaluated the use of four dyes, Congo red, phenol red, remazol brilliant blue, and trypan blue. To observe the effect of pH on the chromogenic reaction, we tested media ranging from 4.5 to 8.0. To research the effect of temperature on the clear zone and the fungus growing zone, we tested temperatures ranging from 15 to 35degrees C. On the whole, the best protocol called for Ganoderma neo-japonicum transfer onto media containing Congo red with a pH of 7.0, followed by incubation at 25degrees C for 5 days. Our results will be useful to researchers who study extracellular enzyme activity in Ganoderma neo-japonicum.
Benzenesulfonates ; Cellulase ; Coloring Agents ; Congo Red ; Diminazene ; Fungi ; Ganoderma ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Phenolsulfonphthalein ; Trypan Blue

The ability of Ganoderma to produce extracellular enzymes, including beta-glucosidase, cellulase, avicelase, pectinase, xylanase, protease, amylase, and ligninase was tested in chromogenic media. beta-glucosidase showed the highest activity, among the eight tested enzymes. In particular, Ganoderma neo-japonicum showed significantly stronger activity for beta-glucosidase than that of the other enzymes. Two Ganoderma lucidum isolates showed moderate activity for avicelase; however, Ganoderma neo-japonicum showed the strongest activity. Moderate ligninase activity was only observed in Ganoderma neo-japonicum. In contrast, pectinase, amylase, protease, and cellulase were not present in Ganoderma. The results show that the degree of activity of the tested enzymes varied depending on the Ganoderma species tested.
Amylases ; beta-Glucosidase ; Cellulase ; Cellulases ; Ganoderma ; Oxygenases ; Polygalacturonase ; Reishi

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain is described in which lesions seen on computed tomography scans disapperared and clinical remissions occurred by the administration of corticosteroid. In our patient, at least three remissions occurred over a span of about 44 months. The diagnosis was delayed because of easy disappearance and confusion with other conditions. A stereotactic biopsy was performed and diagnosed as Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse, large noncleaved cell type, B cell origin by H & E and immunologic marker analysis. We present our case with review of the literatures.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Biomarkers ; Biopsy ; Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

Background: Burnout syndrome (BOS) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. This study aims to create the Korean version burnout syndrome scale (KBOSS) that conforms to WHO’s definition of BOS and present the cut-off points for screening. Methods: We developed the KBOSS based on WHO’s definition of BOS. An online survey was conducted through a specialized online research company. We recruited 444 workers for this research. The validity of the KBOSS was assessed using factor analysis and Pearson’s correlation. The KBOSS reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The cut-off points for each of the three dimensions were derived using the upper quartile score. Results: The validity and reliability of the KBOSS were good. Regarding reliability, the scale’s overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.813. Cronbach’s alpha of each three-dimension was as follows: exhaustion, 0.916; cynicism, 0.865; and professional inefficacy, 0.819. The cut-off points of BOS three dimensions are exhaustion ≧ 21; cynicism ≧ 18; and inefficacy ≧ 15. Conclusion The developed questionnaire (KBOSS) can be a useful tool for screening of BOS.

Spontaneous esophageal perforation (Boerhaave Syndrome) is an unusual condition that frequently leads to fatal complications. It typically occurs with rigorous emesis after an unduly large meal or heavy drinking. Its diagnosis is often delayed in almost all cases due to nonspecific symptoms and signs, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are very important. Recently we experienced a case of esophagogastric junctional perforation accompanied by bilateral empyema and mediastinitis after heavy alcohol drinking in a 56-year-old male patient. He was presented with hematemesis and abdominal pain. We diagnosed him using esophagography and chest CT. Thus, we report a case with a brief review of related literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics* ; Diagnosis ; Drinking ; Early Diagnosis ; Empyema* ; Esophageal Perforation ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic* ; Lung* ; Male ; Meals ; Mediastinitis ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting

Duodenal tumor is relatively rare disease, accounting for about 0.3% of all carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Although radiological and endoscopic examinations have become popular, we are not so familiar with the duodenal tumors as those of the other gastrointestinal tumors. The absence of precise symptoms and the rarity of primary malignant neoplasms in this localization are frequently the reason for the late diagnosis. And so, often the true nature and localization of the tumor are only determined during surgery or autopsy. But, recently, duodenal bulb is examined with ease and pathologic diagnosis is possible following the diffusion of panendoscopy. We have experienced three cases of primary duodenal bulb carcinoma, which diagnosed by biopsies with gastrofibroscopic endoscopy. So we report the cases with a brief review of literature.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Diffusion ; Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Rare Diseases

PURPOSE: Among complications after the tension-free vaginal tape(TVT) procedure for female stress urinary incontinence, the voiding dysfunction is one of the most common complaints of the patients. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of objective voiding dysfunction and evaluate the clinical, uroflometric and urodynamic risk factors predisposing to voiding dysfunction following the TVT procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 437 women with stress urinary incontinence underwent the TVT procedure in our institution for recent three years. Among them, 285 patients with post-operative uroflowmetry were evaluated. Objective voiding dysfunction was defined as a peak-flow rate less than 12 ml/sec(voided volume greater than 100 ml), or inability to void at least 75% of bladder capacity, on two or more readings. Clinical and urodynamic parameters and global satisfaction were analyzed and compared between patients(objective voiding dysfunction, n=33, 11.6%) who had uroflowmetric parameters of voiding difficulties after TVT procedure and patients(well- voiding, n=252, 88.4%) who had not. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-one patients (91.6%) answered satisfied by global satisfaction questionnaire. Subjective and objective cure rates were 93.9% and 90.9% at least 6 months follow-up. Among parameters, patient's age, peak-flow rate, and 1 hour pad test showed significant differences between voiding dysfunction group and well-voiding group(average age: 54.9 vs 50.9 years-old, p=0.024, peak urinary flow rate: 30.9 vs 24.1 ml/sec, p=0.003, 1 hour pad test: 53.8 vs 81.6 gm, p=0.035). There was no statistically significant difference in subjective and objective cure rates and satisfaction rates between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Women with the old age, low peak urinary flow rate, and large volume with 1 hour pad test are most likely to have voiding dysfunction after TVT procedure. Patients with these risk factors should be given more counsel regarding post-operative voiding dysfunction before the surgery.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reading ; Risk Factors* ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics