Objective To explore the effect of MMP-1, TIMP-1 on burn wound healing and hypertrophic scar (HS) forming. Methods Normal human full-thickness skin grafts were transplanted to the back of nude (athymic) mice, after these grafts survived, deep Ⅱ degree burn wounds were made in the middle of these grafts. During the process of burn wound healing and HS formation, the expressions of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results MMP-1 expression was first noted by day 2 after burns and became more prominent from day 3 to day 15, and then decreased rapidly. Immunostaining for MMP-1 was markedly increased at boundary regions marked by connective tissue fluidity. Immunoreactive TIMP-1 was also detected by day 2 but rapidly assumed the same interface expression pattern as described for MMP-1. Compared with MMP-1, immunostaining of TIMP-1 was irregular, but was obvious around vascular tissues. Conclusions The balance between MMP-1 and TIMP-1 during the inflammation and granulation phases might be important for the regulation of collagen proteins degradation. Within the remodeling phase, the inhibition of MMP-1 by TIMP-1 and the decrease of collagen degradation might lead to HS forming. The striking immunolocalization of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 to epithelial-dermal, eschar-dermal, and vascular-dermal interfaces suggested that they might play a particularly significant role at boundary regions marked by connective tissue fluidity.

objective To explore a reasonable treatment for upper eyelid shrinking. Methods All 15 patients with upper eyelid retrac-tion were divided in group A,group B and group C. Group A with 9 eyes received botulinum toxin type A,group B with 10 eyes were corrected by central aponeurosis disinsertion,group C with 9 eyes upper eyelid were corrected by the lengthening of the levator muscle and Müller's muscle. And the data was summarized and analyzed. Results Five cases (9 eyes) with upper eyelid shrinking obviously were improved 72 h after injecting botulinum toxin type A,but the eyelids returned to previous states 4~6 months later. The shape of postoperative eyelid was good and the eyelids structure was natural in group B,recurrence was in 2 cases. Patients in group C had satisfactory results. And there was no recurrence and complications after 3~24 months of follow-up. Conclusion The three treatments have effect on upper eyelid shrinking at quiescence phase. The method of injecting botulinum toxin type A is simple,with reliable curative effect and short duration,while it was nee-ded repeated injections. The method of central aponeurosis disinsertion is simple but difficult to quantify properly. The lengthening of the leva-tor muscle is not only simple but also with reliable effect and less complications.

Objective To identify high?risk factors of white matter damage ( WMD ) in premature infants,in order to reduce the incidence and improve the prognosis of brain injury?Methods Five hundred and seventy?seven cases of preterm infants treated from January 2012 to December 2013 in the Pediatrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were slecteted?According to MRI of the brain at 2 weeks after birth, all the patients were divided into WMD group(133 cases) and the control group(444 cases)?Single?factor and multifactor logistic regression were used for the analyses of the high?risk factors of WMD?Results WMD incidence was 23?05%( 133/577) in 577 cases of premature infants,with 108 cases( 81?2%) of focal injury,5 cases(3?8%) of diffuse injury and 20 cases(15?0%) of periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) injury?There was significant statistically difference in different gestational age( P=0?017)?Multi factor Logistic regression analysis showed that metabolic acidosis(OR=4?489,P=0?000),asphyxia(OR=3?519,P=0?000),perinatal infection ( OR=2?650,P=0?003) were independent risk factors for WMD,while cesarean( OR=0?293,P=0?000) was protective factor for WMD?Conclusion WMD is a complex interaction outcome of multiple risk factors in premature infant?Perinatal hypoxia and infection are the main risk factors of WMD in premature infants.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a superpulse-mode fractional carbon dioxide(CO2) laser for the treatment of onychomycosis. Methods Patients with typical clinical manifestations of onychomycosis and positive for direct microscopic examinations of fungi were enrolled into this study, and treated with a superpulse-mode fractional CO2 laser for eight sessions. The scoring clinical index for onychomycosis (SCIO)and onychomycosis severity index (OSI)were calculated according to patients′ age, clinical type of onychomycosis, thickness of nails, area and length of nail involvement before the treatment, at the end of treatment, 1 month and 3 months after completion of treatment. Mycological clearance was also evaluated according to direct microscopy and fungal culture results. Adverse reactions to laser therapy were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out by using the chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test with the SPSS 17.0 software. Results Totally, 20 patients with onychomycosis were enrolled into this study, and 75 affected nails were treated. Finally, 18 patients with 71 target nails completed the treatment and follow-up. The SCIO and OSI were 13.07 ± 6.47 and 21.11 ± 11.94 in these patients at baseline respectively, both significantly different from those at the end of treatment(9.03 ± 6.14 and 13.63 ± 12.10, respectively, both P < 0.05), 1 month((8.51 ± 6.99 and 14.18 ± 13.65, respectively, both P < 0.05)and 3 months(7.89 ± 7.26 and 13.70 ± 13.93 respectively, both P <0.05)after completion of treatment. No significant differences were observed in mycological clearance rates between the posttreatment time points(57.75%(41/71)at the end of treatment vs. 59.15%(42/71)at 1 month vs. 61.97%(44/71) at 3 months after completion of treatment, P > 0.05). The SCIO and OSI decreased from 12.48 ± 5.41 and 16.44 ± 9.89 at the baseline to 5.01 ± 5.56 and 6.44 ± 8.26 at 3 months after the treatment, respectively, in patients with distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO), and from 17.86 ± 3.98 and 34.05 ± 2.56 to 15.88 ± 4.10 and 31.00 ± 7.28 respectively in patients with total dystrophic onychomycosis (TDO). During the treatment, several patients felt transient mild pain, but no subungual hemorrhage or other adverse reactions occurred. Conclusions The fractional CO2 laser in superpulse mode shows a reliable efficacy for the treatment of mild to moderate onychomycosis such as DLSO, especially when the nail plate is superficially invaded and grows rapidly. It directly inhibits and kills fungi, and treatment duration should be prolonged according to conditions.

Objective To investigate the effects of selective cyclooxygease-2 inhibitor on pulmonary surfactant protein(SP-B) and transforming growth factor(TGF-β1) of hyperoxic lung injury in newborn rats.Methods One hundred and five SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (35 cases in each group):air group (group Ⅰ),in which the rats were exposed to room air;hyperoxia group(group Ⅱ),in which the rats were exposed to hyperoxia(850 mL/L oxy gen);Celecoxib group(group Ⅲ),in which the rats were exposed to heyperoxia(850 mL/L oxygen) and intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg/kg Celecoxib.The lungs of rats were removed on 3 d,7 d,14 d after birth and the following indices were measured:lung section from the lower right lung were stained with HE,and the histological changes was examined;the contents of SP-B and TGF-β1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of left lung was determinated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);right upper lung was immunohistochemically stained to measure the contents of SP-B and TGF-β1,quantitative real-time PCR(RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of SP-B and TGF-β1.Results There were no inflammatory cells and exudation in the lung in group Ⅰ;in group Ⅱ,the structure disorder,pulmonary edema,and inflammatory infiltrates were found;but the damage was obviously alleviated in group Ⅲ.Protein expression could be better detected by ELISA,at the time of 14 day,SP-B was expressed at different levels in3 groups:(29.93±6.40) ng/L in group Ⅰ,(18.20 ±3.70) ng/L in group Ⅱ and (19.63 ±10.20) ng/L in group Ⅲ,SP-B level in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (t =13.152,P ＜ 0.01),and the expres sion in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (t =5.190,P ＜ 0.01).TGF-β1 was expressed at different levels in 3 groups:(34.73 ±2.30) μg/L in group Ⅰ,(41.66 ± 1.80) μg/L in group Ⅱ and (38.03 ±0.20) μg/L in group Ⅲ,and the level of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in group Ⅱ than that in group Ⅰ (t =6.584,P ＜ 0.01),but the expression of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (t =5.609,P ＜ 0.01).The expression of mRNA was detected by RT-PCR,and at the time of 14 day,SP-B mRNA was expressed at different levels in 3 groups:3.14 ±0.10 in group Ⅰ,0.81 ±0.06 in group Ⅱ and 1.12 ±0.06 in group Ⅲ,and SP-B level in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in the group Ⅰ (t =55.050,P ＜0.01),and the expression in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (t =10.305,P ＜ 0.01).TGF-β1 mRNA was expressed at different levels in the 3 groups:1.94 ±0.03 in group Ⅰ,13.26 ±0.43 in group Ⅱ and 6.49 ±0.26 in group Ⅲ,the level of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in group Ⅱ than that in group Ⅰ (t =75.471,P ＜ 0.01),while the expression of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (t =38.470,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor can attenuate hyperoxic lung injury in rats,and the mechanism might be related to the reduction of prostaglandin.

Objective:To explore the setup errors of vacuum pad combined with breast bracket in linear accelerator intensity-modulated radiotherapy for breast cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 72 patients who received linear accelerator intensity-modulated radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery in Hai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2017 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the radiotherapy fixation schemes, they were divided into vacuum pad group (24 patients), breast bracket group (27 patients) and vacuum pad combined with breast bracket group (21 patients). Cone-beam CT was used to analyze the setup errors of the fixation, and the mean value of the overall errors and the standard deviation of the system errors were calculated. The relative factors affecting the fixed setup errors were analyzed.Results:There were statistical differences among vacuum pad group, breast bracket group and vacuum pad combined with breast bracket group in the level of forward and backward (Z) direction translation error (2.11±0.41, 2.67±0.26 and 1.79±0.21) and Z direction rotation error (1.14±0.24, 1.05±0.21 and 0.91±0.22) ( F values were 45.86 and 6.21, both P < 0.05). The level of Z direction translation error in vacuum pad group was higher than that in vacuum pad combined with breast bracket group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 12.37, P = 0.001). The level of Z direction rotation error in breast bracket group was higher than that in vacuum pad combined with breast bracket group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.41, P = 0.001). In the breast bracket group, the planning target volume (PTV) extension boundary values in the left and right (X), up and down (Y), and Z directions were 2.02, 2.09 and 1.97; the PTV release boundary values in X, Y and Z directions of the vacuum pad group were 1.81, 2.07 and 2.25; the external boundary values of PTV in X, Y and Z directions of the vacuum pad combined with breast bracket group were 1.13, 1.51 and 1.49. The result of multifactor analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) ( OR = 4.208, 95% CI 1.438-12.312) and breast volume ( OR = 4.023, 95% CI 1.375-11.769) were the independent influencing factors of fixed setup errors (both P < 0.05). Conclusions:The application of vacuum pad combined with breast bracket in the fixed setup of linear accelerator intensity-modulated radiotherapy of breast cancer is helpful to reduce the fixed setup errors, but at the same time, the fixed setup errors is affected by the patient's BMI, breast volume and other factors.

BACKGROUND:Orthopedic osteotomy at the apex of kyphosis is best for treatment of ankylosing spondylitis from a biomechanical aspect, but there is a high risk for intraoperative spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of vertebral plate osteotomy+vertebra osteotomy+long-segment pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with kyphotic deformity.
METHODS:Thirty-six patients with ankylosing spondylitis were subjected to pedicle subtraction osteotomy and Smith-Peterson osteotomy, and then fol owed up for 3 months to 2 years.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After implantation, sagittal imbalance did not occur in 36 patients, and the improvement rate of sagittal imbalance was 64%. The improvement rates of thoracolumbar kyphosis and chin-brow vertical angle were 60%and 98%, respectively. The pain relief rate was 64%, and the Oswestry Disability Index was 95%. There were no pul ed nails, broken nails and broken robs after implantation. These findings indicate that the combination of selective osteotomy technique and long-segment internal fixation can achieve stable fixation effects, prevent sagittal imbalance, and avoid the occurrence of pul ing nails, breaking nails and breaking robs caused by osteoporosis.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Prolene thread-needle continuous suture method in pancreaticojejunostomy pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients with preoperative diagnosis of periampullary tumors undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy who were admitted to Shanxian Central Hospital of Heze City from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected. According to the different methods of anastomosis, 80 patients were divided into A group and B group, each group with 40 patients, the patients in A group were performed pancreatic duct-mucosal anastomosis and the patients in B group were performed Prolene thread-needle continuous suture. The preoperative clinical data, operation-related data, postoperative complications in two groups were compared.Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in clinical data such as gender, age, albumin level, pancreatic duct diameter, combined underlying diseases, preoperative bilirubin, admission symptoms, preoperative biliary drainage and tumor location ( P>0.05).The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, operation durationand postoperative hospital stay in B group were lower than those in A group : (353.64 ± 95.28) min vs. (395.38 ± 110.29)min, (330.19 ± 100.27) ml vs. (397.43 ± 105.97) ml, (330.57 ± 110.68) ml vs. (376.18 ± 94.73) ml, (20.74 ± 8.08) min vs. (31.06 ± 7.83) min, (18.72 ± 6.02) d vs. (23.79 ± 7.41) d, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The incidence of complications such as pancreatic leakage, pancreatic fistula, abdominal infection, lung infection, biliary fistula and delayed gastric emptying in B group were lower than those in A group : 10.0%(4/40) vs. 20.0%(8/40), 7.5%(3/40) vs. 20.0%(8/40), 2.5%(1/40) vs. 12.5%(5/40), 0 vs. 7.5%(3/40), 5.0%(2/40)vs. 17.5%(7/40), 7.5%(3/40) vs. 17.5%(7/40), the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Prolene thread-needle continuous suture method in pancreaticojejunostomy pancreaticoduodenectomy has the characteristics of simple operation, effective shortening of operation time, reliable anastomosisand can reduce the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula complications.

Objective To study the feasibility of applying electronic cleaning to intestinal contents tagging by diatrizoate meglumine for single-source dual-energy CT colonography with sequential acquisitions and volume scanning.Methods Twenty-four volunteers had fine effect of intestinal contents tagging by diatrizoate meglumine,good colorectal distension effect,fine image quality of dual-energy fusion colorectal images,and with informed consents were enrolled in this study.The single-source dual-energy CT colonography with sequential acquisitions and volume scanning was performed with an Acquilion ONE 320 row CT scanner,tube voltage 135 kVp/80 kVp.The intestinal contents conducted the dual-energy electronic cleaned based on decomposition of intestinal contents tagging by diatrizoate meglumine,soft tissue and air.The intestinal contents in one segment of intestinal lumen being 100％ electronically cleaned served as the basic standard,the electronic cleaning effects were divided into the 5 grades:excellent,good,moderate,fair and poor;and grade 1-3 were effective fecal electronic cleaning.Results The grade 1,2,3,4,5 of electronic cleaning effect for solid as the main intestinal contents were 22.2％,53.3％,17.8％,6.7％ and 0％ respectively;and which of electronic cleaning effect for liquid as the main intestinal contents were 47.5％,47.5％,5.0％,0％ and 0％ respectively.The together total effective electronic cleaning of intestinal contents was 97.9％ and the electronic cleaning effect was good.Conclusion Electronic cleaning could be used in the intestinal contents tagging by diatrizoate meglumine for single-source dual-energy CT colonography with sequential acquisitions and volume scanning.

The neural stimulator is a core component of animal robots. While the control effect of animal robots is influenced by various factors, the performance of the neural stimulator plays a decisive role in regulating animal robots. In order to optimize animal robots, embedded neural stimulators had been developed using flexible printed circuit board technology. This innovation not only enabled the stimulator to generate parameter-adjustable biphasic current pulses through control signals, but also optimized its carrying mode, material, and size, overcoming the disadvantages of traditional backpack or head-inserted stimulators, which have poor concealment and are prone to infection. Static, in vitro, and in vivo performance tests of the stimulator demonstrated that it not only had precise pulse waveform output capability, but also was lightweight and small in size. It had excellent in vivo performance in both laboratory and outdoor environments. Our study has high practical significance for the application of animal robots.
Animals ; Robotics