Objective To assess the effectiveness of the urinary potassium to serum potassium ratio and urinary potassium to(serum potassium)2 ratio in the screening for primary aldosteronism(PA)from the patients with hypertension.Methods We analyzed all the 55 patients with PA,50 patients with essential hypertension(EH)matched with age and body mass index(BMI).We compared the urinary potassium to serum potassium ratio(UPP)and urinary potassium to(serum potassium)2 ratio(UPPP)with the serum aldosterone-to-renin ratio(ARR)between PA and EH groups.Results(1)UPP,UPPP and ARR in PA group were higher than in EH group(P

Objective To explore the relationship between serum magnesium (Mg) levels and glucose metabolism disorders in the elderly.Methods The data of health examination of 126 elderly people were collected in our hospital.There were 50 patients with type 2 diabetes,35 patients with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and 41 people with normal glucose.The clinical data of the three groups were compared and analyzed.Results (1)There were no significant differences in age,body mass index (BMI) and blood lipid level among the three groups.The mean serum Mg level was lower in normal glucose group [(0.84±0.1) mmol/L] than in diabetic group [(0.75±0.11) mmol/L,P＜0.01] and IGR group [(0.78±0.12) mmol/L,P＜0.05].(2)The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was higher in diabetic group and IGR group than in normal glucose group (24%,28.6% vs.7.3%,P＜ 0.01 ).(3)The correlation study showed that the serum magnesium level was negatively associated with fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c (r= - 0.343,- 0.271,P＜0.01 ),but not associated with age and BMI.Conclusions The low serum magnesium level is associated with glucose metabolism disorders in the elderly.

In 669 newly diagnosed T2DM patients the positive rate was 10.9% for GAD-Ab, 10.5% for ICA, 4.2% for both antibodies and 13.0% for anyone of the two antibodies. BMI was higher in antibodies-positive adult diabetic patients than that in control.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the GC fingerpriont for Lingyang ganmao tablets.METHODS:The determination was performed on DB-5 ms capillary column.Flame ionization detector was adopted with temperature of 250 ℃ (temperature programming).The temperature of injector was 240 ℃.Carrier gas was nitrogen with flow rate of 1.0 mL/min;the sample size was 1 μL by split sampling with split ratio of 20 ∶ 1.Using peppermint ketone as reference,Similarity Evaluation Software for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2012 edition) was used for the similarity analysis of 10 batches of Lingyang ganmao tablets.RESULTS:There were 14 common peaks in the batches of Lingyang ganmao tablets,similarity degrees were higher than 0.98.It was proved that the GC profiles and control fingerprint of 10 batches of samples had good consistency.CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of Lingyang ganmao tablets.

Objective To study the effects of high glucose and the leucocyte of diabetic patients on endothelial cells. Methods The leucocyte adhesion percentage to endothelial cells and the (MMP-9) expression of co-culturing endothelial cells and leucocytes were determined under different levels of glucose and at different time. Results (1) The level of MMP-9 was much higher under high glucose culture, and it increased as culture time prolonged. (2) The percentage of leucocyte adhesion to endothelial cells under high level of glucose was increased, and it was further enhanced when (co-culture) with leucocytes of diabetic patients . (3) The level of MMP-9 in supernatant of endothelial cells and leucocytes was increased significantly after culture with leucocytes of diabetic patients. It showed leucocytes were toxic to endothelial cells. Conclusions High glucose increases the level of MMP-9 of endothelial cells and percentage of the leucocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.Leucocytes of diabetic patients are toxic for endothelial cells.

Objective:To study the prosthodontic design for the treatment of maxillary first molar mesio-lingual cusp defect with subfis-sue.Methods:A finite element model of maxillary first model,including mesio-lingual cusp defect with subfissue,periodontal support-ing tissue and a section of the maxilla was established by cone beam CT.Different prosthodontic designs for respective restoration and simulating different bite force were adopted,the Von Mises stress,maximum compressive stress and the crack distribution,J integral and the root displacement were analysed.Results:In the metal pile restoration model,the stress,JINT value and the equivalent stress and displacement of root were the smallest.With the increase of crack depth of the vertical and oblique fissue,the equivalent levels of stress (equivalent stress of J integral),the stress experienced by the dentin along with the peak of the maximum principal,increased signifi-cantly.Under 4 kinds of force direction and 3 repair methods,the equivalent stress peak value,J integral dentin stress,maximum prin-cipal stress peak value and dentin stress peak value of the cracks was 200 N,90°>200 N,45°>600 N,0°>200 N.Conclusion:High elastic modulus and all ceramic crown may lead to minimal equivalent stress,J integral,dentin equivalent stress and maximum principal stress.When subfissure is repaired,teeth fracture remains possible and any possible propagation may exist.The effect of later-al force on the crack and the dentin is greater than that of vertical force for crack expansion and tooth fracture.

Objective To investigate proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) mutations in six pedigrees with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD),and to provide prenatal consulting and prenatal diagnosis.Methods Subjects were six probands with PMD admitted in Department of Pediatrics,Peking University First Hospital from July 2006 to November 2011 and their family members.Genomic DNA sarnples were extracted from peripheral bloods of probands and their family members.Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique was used to detect PLP1 duplication mutation.Direct DNA sequencing was used to detect point mutation.Genetic diagnosis were based on PLP1 mutation genotype from probands.Prenatal diagnosis of nine fetuses were performed from seven PLP1 mutation female carriers by fetuses' DNA extracted from amniocytes or villus cells.Results PLP1 duplications were found in probands 1-4 (P1-4) whose mothers and the aunt of proband 1 (P1) were PLP1 duplications carriers.The two cases of point mutation,c.96C＞G(p.F32L) and c.623G＞T (p.G208V),were found in proband 5 (P5) and proband 6 (P6).Hcterozygous changes of the same mutations were found in P5' and P6' mothers with normal phenotypes.Seven female PLP1 mutation carriers were pregnant again.Prenatal diagnosis of PLP1 for nine fetuses presented one PLP1 duplication,one point mutation,one PLP1 duplication carrier,and six wildtypes.A segmental crossing over of X chromosome was detected in one male fetus of PLP1 wildtype.Conclusions PLP1 mutation analysis could help to diagnose PMD pedigree and to identify female PLP1 mutation carrier in the family.The following prenatal diagnosis and proper genetic counseling are very important to prevent PMD child from being delivered.

Objective:To understand the mode and effect of the consultations involved clinical pharmacists, and discuss the work-ing process and mode of the consultations. Methods:Based on the practical work and team discussion, the flow chart and consultation registration form for the clinical pharmacist consultations were established and applied. Totally 410 cases of clinica1 pharmacist consul-tations were retrospectively investigated from March 2009 to December 2012. Results:The consultation flow chart was strictly followed by the clinical pharmacists in our hospital, and the obvious effect was shown. The number of consultation was increased from 59 cases in 2009 to 122 cases in 2013. In all the consultation cases, 21 departments were involved, including the medical departments and the surgery departments. Among the cases,the adjustment in antibacterial drug treatment was the main requirements. Meanwhile, the a-doption rate of the clinical pharmacist suggestions was 95. 12%. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists are playing an important role in clin-ical treatment. The consultation work can be regulated by the consultation flow chart and registration form with the improved adoption rate and consultation quality.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the different concentrate of tea polyphenols (TP) and its compound for irradiation-protection and investigate its mechanism.

METHODTo evaluate the radioprotective activity, mice were exposed to whole body gamma irradiation. TP 80 and TP 50 (50, 10 mg x kg(-1)) and its major constituent epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (50, 10 mg x kg(-1)) were administered after irradiation to examine its inhibition against irradiation-induced injury.

RESULTThis study indicate that in comparison with non-irradiated controls, irradiation resulted in a significant reduction the spleen index (spleen weight/body weight 100), haematological parameters (RBC, WBC and PLT), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increase of malondialdehde (MDA) level in 28 days. Oral administration of TP (50 mg x kg(-1)) shown the best effect on reducing the irradiation-induced injury on mice studied, and showed a protective effect against irradiation-induced haematological parameters (RBC, WBC and PLT), the spleen index and MDA level significant reduction, and antioxidase activity (SOD) decrease.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that TP 50 mg x kg(-1) and EGCG have in vivo antioxidant potential and radioprotective activity against whole body gamma irradiation in mice. It may be concluded that TP (50% EGCG) possess good irradiation-protective and antioxidant effect.

Animals ; Camellia sinensis ; chemistry ; Catechin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Phenols ; administration & dosage ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; Polyphenols ; Radiation Injuries ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; prevention & control ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Whole-Body Irradiation ; adverse effects