Objective To observe the effect of cluster needling at scalp acupoints on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease (AD), and to elucidate its mechanism. Method Seventy eligible patients with cognitive impairment were randomized into two groups by their admission number. The treatment group was intervened by cluster needling at scalp acupoints plus oral administration of Fluoxetine hydrochloride, while the control group was by ordinary acupuncture. Two treatment courses later, the two groups were observed and compared in therapeutic efficacy and Activities of Daily living (ADL). Result There was a significant difference in comparing the total effective rate between the two groups (P＜0.05), the ADL scores dropped significantly in both groups after intervention (P＜0.01), and the decrease in the treatment group was statistically more significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion Cluster needling at scalp acupoints can effectively improve cognitive impairment in AD patients, and can promote the quality of life.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to grade hypervascularized mass lesions in CE MR imaging of the breast by analyzing morphology and dynamic characteristics.MethodsCriteria for the evaluation of breast MR findings were used,including the analysis of shape,margin,internal enhancement characteristics,initialenhancementphase,anddelayedphaseenhancementpattern.Atotalof 188 hypervascularized mass lesions were analyzed,and scores were given from 1 to 10 points and then the mass was classified into one of five categories.Next,the score results and pathology results were used to calculate the ROC curve and to find out the optimal benign and malignant diagnosis points.According to these results,the lesions were classified as benign or malignant.The sensitivity and specificity of this classification system were also calculated.ResultsOut of the 188 hypervascularized mass lesions,91 lesions were confirmed to be malignant by pathologic diagnosis and 97 to be benign.The area under the ROC curve was 0.938 ± 0.016.This curve was used to calculate the optimal point of differentiation diagnosis,and it was found to be a score of 5.The 188 lesions were classified into grade Ⅱ of 24 lesions,grade Ⅲ of 72,grade Ⅳ of 54,and grade Ⅴ of 38.Sensitivity for the detection of malignancy using this classification system was 87.91％ and specificity was 87.62％.If the three cases with false negative results of ductal carcinoma in situ of grade Ⅲ were excluded,the specificity increased to 90.90％.Conclusion The classification based on a multifactorial analysis is very helpful in the objective interpretation of breast CE MRI.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane on memory retrieval in mice and the role of hippocampal PSD95 and amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor.Methods Sixty-four healthy pathogen-free Kuming mice of both sexes,aged 2-3 months,weighing 30-35 g,were divided into control group (n =32) and sevoflurane group (n =32) in a stratified randomized block design.The ability of memory retrieval was evaluated using dark avoidance test.After setting up the memory of dark avoidance,the mice inhaled 40％ oxygen for 2 h in control group and 3.3％ sevofluane in 40％ oxygen for 2 h in sevoflurane group.Dark avoidance test was performed at 12,24,48 and 72 h after the end of oxygen or sevoflurane inhalation (T1-4),and the test results and development of amnesia were recorded.The animals were sacrificed after behavior test at each time point,and brains were removed and cut into sections which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination of the pathological changes of hippocampal CA1 area (under a light microscope) and for determination of the expression of PSD95 and AMPA receptors in hippocampi (using immunohistochemistry and Western blot).Results Compared with control group,the step-in latency and test results of error times were significantly decreased,the expression of PSD95 and AMPA receptors in hippocampus was down-regulated,and the incidence of amnesia was increased at T1 and T2 in sevoflurane group (P＜0.05).Compared with the basic results,no significant change was found in the step-in latency or test results of error times in control group (P＞0.05),and the step-in latency and test results of error times were significantly decreased at T1 and T2 in sevoflurane group (P＜0.05).Apoptosis in pyramidal cells was not found in sevoflurane group.Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit the ability of memory retrieval transiently in mice,and the mechanism is related to inhibiting the expression of hippocampal PSD95 and AMPA receptors.

BACKGROUND:Superior lower limb mobility is regarded as one of the prerequisites for winning competitions.Wearable resistance training can effectively overcome the deficiency in the transfer efficiency of traditional strength training in enhancing lower limb mobility.Considering that the impact of wearable resistance training based on different body parts on lower limb mobility may have significant differentiated characteristics,it is particularly important to review and summarize the specific application strategies and acute and chronic intervention effects. OBJECTIVE:To comb and analyze acute and chronic intervention effects of wearable resistance training based on different body parts on lower limb mobility,in order to provide insightful and methodological references for optimizing application strategies for lower limb movement ability. METHODS:A literature search was conducted in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Web of Science,Medline,SPORTDiscus,and PubMed databases for publications up to October 2023.Chinese and English search terms were"arm,forearm,limb,leg,lower extremity,vest,trunk,resist,weight,load,sprint,agility,change of direction".A total of 60 articles were ultimately included for review after screening the retrieval results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Trunk loading of 6-20%of body mass is suitable for optimizing acceleration in sprinting,while trunk loading of≤6%body mass is suitable for optimizing high-speed running.A trunk load of 5%body mass is applicable for optimizing change-of-direction movement;forearm,calf,or thigh loading often uses 1%or 2%body mass.(2)Trunk loading optimizes the functional performance of the lower limb stretch-shortening cycle by increasing vertical load.This enhances the efficiency of ground reaction force utilization and strengthens the coordinated stability control of the whole body musculature.Forearm loading effectively enhances the driving force of the upper limb swing,improves the propulsive force of the lower limb sprint,and optimizes the efficiency of inter-limb coordination.Calf loading can impose restrictions on the function of the hip joint,thereby leading to localized load stimulation and compensatory functional enhancement in the knee or ankle joint.Thigh loading partially restricts the peak extension angle and speed of the knee joint,creates specific load stimulation at the hip joint,and significantly improves its rotational kinetic energy output.(3)During larger-angle change-of-direction movements,the impact of calf loading is more significant than thigh loading.Thigh loading stimulation helps to enhance power output,while calf loading stimulation aids in improving stability control and directional change.(4)Currently,wearable resistance training has been proven to be an effective way to improve sprint and change-of-direction performance.The methodological strategies to improve sprint performance are relatively mature,but the optimal application scheme to improve change-of-direction performance needs to be further refined and optimized.Further research is recommended to supplement this area.

Objective To examine the effect of the integrated schistosomiasis control measures in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019, so as to provide insights into the development of the schistosomiasis elimination strategy. Methods The integrated schistosomiasis control measures implemented by the health, agriculture, water resources, forestry, land and resources sectors were retrospectively collected in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019, and the completion of each measure, cost of control measures, Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and bovines, and snail status were analyzed each year. An index system for assessing the integrated schistosomiasis control effect was constructed using the Delphi method to calculate the integrated schistosomiasis control effect index. In addition, a cost-effect analysis was performed in terms of the decline in the prevalence of S. japonicum infections in humans and bovines, areas with snails in inner embankments, and areas with infected snails. Results A total of 7 110 926 500 Yuan were invested into the integrated schistosomiasis control program of Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019. During the 16-year period, a total of 277 437.12 hm² snail habitats received molluscicidal treatments, 6 927 230 person-times given expanded chemotherapy, 2 116 247 bovine-times given expanded chemotherapy, 954 850 harmless toilets built, 290 359 bovines fenced, 136 666 bovines eliminated, 141 905 machines used to replace bovines, 39 048.63 hm² water lands improved as dry lands, 724.12 km irrigation regions improved, 3 994 300 populations covered with safe water, 191 102.89 hm² forests planted and 38 535.27 hm² lands leveled. The prevalence of S. japonicum infections was 4.29% in humans and 4.48% in bovines in Hunan Province in 2004, with 2 449.37 hm² snail habitats in inner embankments and 3 423.74 hm² infected snail areas. In 2019, the prevalence of S. japonicum infections reduced to 0 in both humans and bovines, and areas of snail habitats reduced to 540.92 hm² (77.92% reductions), while the areas with infected snails reduced to 0. The overall integrated schistosomiasis control effect index appeared a tendency towards a rise over years since 2004, and the integrated schistosomiasis control effect index was 97.35 in 2019; the annual mean costs for a 1% reduction in the prevalence of S. japonicum infections in 100 populations and 100 bovines were 70.11 Yuan and 4 204.78 Yuan, and the annual mean costs for a 1% reduction in the snail areas in inner embankments and infected snail areas were 2 010.20 Yuan and 1 298.09 Yuan, respectively. Conclusions The integrated control measures achieve remarkable effectiveness for schistosomiasis control in Hunan Province, with a remarkable decline in the prevalence of S. japonicum infections in humans and bovines and great shrinking of snail areas in inner embankments and infected snail areas. Adequate fund investment is required to improve the integrated schistosomiasis control measures and consolidate the control achievements.