1.Mechanism of Xiaozheng Zhitong Paste in Alleviating Bone Cancer Pain by Regulating Microglial Pyroptosis Based on PINK1/Parkin/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Lingyun WANG ; Guangda ZHENG ; Lu SHANG ; Juanxia REN ; Changlin LI ; Dongtao LI ; Haixiao LIU ; Yaohua CHEN ; Guiping YANG ; Yanju BAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(5):80-90
ObjectiveThe paper aims to investigate the mechanism by which Xiaozheng Zhitong paste (XZP) alleviates bone cancer pain (BCP) through regulating the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin-mediated mitophagy-NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway to suppress microglial pyroptosis. MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were used to establish an inflammation and pyroptosis model in microglial cells. The cells were randomly divided into the following groups: control group, LPS group, LPS+low-dose XZP group, LPS+high-dose XZP group, LPS-ATP group, LPS-ATP+low-dose XZP group, LPS-ATP+high-dose XZP group, LPS-ATP+XZP group, and LPS-ATP+XZP+CsA group. Techniques including terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, and confocal fluorescence staining were employed to assess the effects of XZP on microglial apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine release, inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and mitophagy. ResultsIn vitro experiments showed that compared with the blank group, the LPS group exhibited significantly increased levels of microglial apoptosis and pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)(P<0.01), along with significantly upregulated protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65) (P<0.01). Compared with the LPS group, the high-dose LPS-XZP group significantly reduced the level of apoptosis (P<0.01) and the content of the aforementioned pro-inflammatory factors (P<0.01). Both the low- and high-dose LPS-XZP groups dose-dependently downregulated the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, and p-NF-κB p65 (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the LPS-ATP group showed significantly upregulated expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, including Caspase-1/pro-Caspase-1, N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N)/full-length gasdermin D (GSDMD-F), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), IL-1β precursor (pro-IL-1β), and mature IL-1β (P<0.01). The levels of pyroptotic factors IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly elevated (P<0.01), and membrane pore formation and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the LPS-ATP group, both the low- and high-dose LPS-ATP+XZP groups dose-dependently downregulated the expression of the aforementioned pyroptosis-related proteins (P<0.05, P<0.01). The low-dose LPS-ATP+XZP group reduced IL-1β levels (P<0.01), while the high-dose group reduced both IL-1β and IL-18 levels (P<0.01) Both the low- and high-dose LPS-ATP+XZP groups dose-dependently reduced membrane pore formation and intracellular ROS production (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the LPS-ATP group showed significantly reduced expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1 and Parkin, and a decreased ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ) to LC3Ⅰ(P<0.01), while p62 expression was significantly increased (P<0.01). Mitochondrial ROS levels were significantly enhanced (P<0.01). Compared with the LPS-ATP group, both the low- and high-dose LPS-ATP+XZP groups dose-dependently reversed the expression of these proteins (P<0.05, P<0.01) and reduced mitochondrial ROS levels (P<0.01). After treatment with the mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA), the beneficial effects of XZP on mitochondrial function and its inhibitory effects on pyroptosis-related protein expression were significantly reversed (P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionXZP reduces ROS levels by activating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and microglial pyroptosis, which provides new molecular evidence for the mechanism by which XZP alleviates BCP.
2.Xiaozheng Zhitong Paste Relieves Bone Cancer Pain in Mice by Alleviating Activation of Microglia in Spinal Cord and Damage to Neurons via Blocking PAR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway
Guangda ZHENG ; Linghan MENG ; Lu SHANG ; Juanxia REN ; Dongtao LI ; Haixiao LIU ; Lingyun WANG ; Changlin LI ; Yaohua CHEN ; Guiping YANG ; Yanju BAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(5):91-100
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Xiaozheng Zhitong Paste (XZP) on bone cancer pain (BCP). MethodsThirty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: a Sham group, a BCP group, a BCP+low-dose XZP group, a BCP+high-dose XZP group, and a BCP+high-dose XZP + protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist GB-110 group. BCP mice model was constructed by injecting Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the femoral cavity of the right leg, which was followed by being treated with XZP for 21 d. After 21 d, the mice were sacrificed. Nissl staining was used to evaluate the survival of spinal cord neurons. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to localize ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in spinal cord tissue, thereby assessing microglial activation and neuronal survival. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in spinal cord tissue. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect mRNA expression levels associated with M1/M2 polarization of microglia. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression of proteins related to microglial polarization as well as those involved in the PAR2/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway in the spinal cord. ResultsCompared with the Sham group, the spinal cord neurons were damaged, the number of Nissl-positive spinal cord neurons in the spinal cord tissue was significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the rate of NeuN-positive cells was significantly decreased (P<0.01). The spinal cord microglia were activated, the inflammatory level of the spinal cord tissue was enhanced, and Iba1 staining was significantly enhanced (P<0.01). The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the expression of PAR2, NLRP3, ASC and NF-κB p65 proteins in the spinal cord tissue of the BCP mice was significantly enhanced (P<0.01). Compared with the BCP group, high-dose XZP treatment significantly increased the number of Nissl-positive spinal cord neurons in the BCP mice (P<0.01), significantly enhanced the rate of NeuN-positive cells in the spinal cord tissue, and significantly weakened Iba1 staining (P<0.01). In addition, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were significantly decreased, while the levels of TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and iNOS were decreased, whereas those of cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206), arginase-1 (Arg-1), and YM1/2 were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Low-dose and high-dose XZP treatment significantly decreased the expression of PAR2, NLRP3, ASC, and NF-κB p65 proteins in the spinal cord tissue (P<0.05, P<0.01). These effects could all be significantly eliminated by the PAR2 agonist GB-110. ConclusionXZP can mitigate BCP in mice, which may be achieved through blocking the activated PAR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.
3.Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cancer Pain Management: A Review
Lingyun WANG ; Guangda ZHENG ; Lu SHANG ; Juanxia REN ; Changlin LI ; Dongtao LI ; Haixiao LIU ; Yaohua CHEN ; Guiping YANG ; Yanju BAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(5):114-123
Cancer pain is one of the most common complications in patients with malignant tumors, severely affecting their quality of life. Its pathogenesis involves complex interactions among the tumor microenvironment, peripheral sensitization, and central sensitization. The tumor microenvironment initiates peripheral pain sensitization by secreting algogenic mediators, activating ion channels and related receptor signaling pathways, driving abnormal osteoclast activation, and mediating neuro-immune crosstalk. Persistent nociceptive input further triggers increased excitability of central neurons, activation of glial cells, and neuroinflammatory cascade reactions, ultimately leading to central pain sensitization. Although traditional opioid drugs can alleviate pain to some extent, they still have many limitations, such as incomplete analgesia, drug tolerance, and adverse reactions. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds have made continuous progress in the treatment of cancer pain. Studies have shown that they can not only effectively relieve cancer pain and reduce the dosage of opioids but also significantly improve patients' quality of life. TCM treatment of cancer pain follows the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment. Based on this, targeted therapeutic principles have been proposed, including promoting blood circulation, removing stasis, regulating Qi, and unblocking collaterals; tonifying the kidney, replenishing essence, warming Yang, and dispersing cold, activating blood, resolving phlegm, detoxifying, and dispersing nodules, as well as strengthening the body, replenishing deficiency, and harmonizing Qi and blood. Modern research indicates that TCM compounds can exert synergistic effects through multiple pathways, inhibiting inflammatory responses, regulating nerve conduction, intervening in bone metabolism and related gene expression, thereby producing anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects to achieve the goal of alleviating cancer pain. This article systematically elaborates on the pathogenesis of cancer pain, the clinical application of TCM in treating cancer pain, and its related mechanisms of action, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and new strategies for the integration of TCM into comprehensive cancer pain management.
4.Discussion on Treatment of Cancer Pain with Modified Wumeiwan Based on Jueyin Syndrome
Haixiao LIU ; Linghan MENG ; Guangda ZHENG ; Dongtao LI ; Lu SHANG ; Juanxia REN ; Changlin LI ; Lingyun WANG ; Yanju BAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(5):124-128
Pain, as one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients, seriously affects the survival quality of patients. The three-step pain relief program currently used in clinical practice cannot completely relieve pain in cancer patients and is accompanied by many problems. From the perspective of Jueyin syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), this paper believed that the core pathogenesis of cancer pain was declined healthy Qi and cold and heat in complexity, and used Wumeiwan as the main formula with modification according to syndrome for clearing the upper, warming the lower part of the body, and harmonizing the cold and heat. It can regulate the pathological environment of deficiency, cold, stasis, toxicity, and heat, and restore the physiological function of Yang transforming Qi while Yin constituting form, so as to prevent, relieve, and even eliminate cancer pain, having achieved good clinical efficacy. It can not only help cancer patients relieve pain, but also control tumor and eliminate tumor, achieving a dual benefit of pain relief and tumor suppression. It gives full play to the characteristics and advantages of syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM, and expands the scope of ZHANG Zhongjing's treatment for Jueyin syndrome, which provides ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer pain from the perspective of deficiency-excess in complexity and cold and heat in complexity.
5.Effects of LncRNA PXN-AS1 on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of gastric cancer cells
Gang Liu ; Dongtao Liu ; Wei Zhao ; Tao He ; Yuan Zhang
Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui 2025;60(3):430-439
Objective :
To investigate the expression of LncRNA PXN-AS1(abbreviated as PXN-AS1) in gastric cancer tissues and its impact on the proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and to explore its potential regulatory mechanisms.
Methods :
Gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues from 43 patients with gastric cancer were collected. The expression levels of PXN-AS1 and miR-125a-5p in gastric cancer tissues were detected using qRT-PCR, and the relationship between the expression level of PXN-AS1 and the clinical pathological parameters of patients with gastric cancer was analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between PXN-AS1 and miR-125a-5p in gastric cancer tissues. PXN-AS1 siRNA plasmid(si-PXN-AS1) and negative control plasmid(si-NC), as well as miR-125a-5p inhibitor(inhibitor) and negative control miRNA inhibitor(inhibitor NC), were transfected alone or in combination into HGC-27 cells. The cells were divided into si-NC group, si-PXN-AS1 group, si-PXN-AS1+inhibitor NC group, si-PXN-AS1+inhibitor group, and a blank control group was also established. qRT-PCR was utilized to assess the expression levels of PXN-AS1 and miR-125a-5p in each cell group. CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the proliferation levels of cells in each group. EdU experiment was conducted to assess the proliferation status of cells in each group. Transwell assay was performed to examine the migration and invasion capabilities of cells in each group; flow cytometry was employed to measure the apoptosis levels of cells in each group; the dual-luciferase reporter gene system was used to validate the sponge absorption of PXN-AS1 on miR-125a-5p and regulate its expression levels. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to screen downstream target genes of miR-125a-5p and perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.
Results :
Compared with adjacent cancerous tissues, the expression level of the PXN-AS1 in gastric cancer tissues significantly increased, while the expression level of miR-125a-5p markedly decreased(bothP<0.05). PXN-AS1 and miR-125a-5p exhibited a negative correlation(r=-0.452,P=0.002). Furthermore, gastric cancer patients with high expression of PXN-AS1 exhibited the proportions of lymph node metastasis positivity and low differentiation were significantly higher(allP<0.05). Compared to the blank group and si-NC group, the si-PXN-AS1 group of HGC-27 cells showed significantly reduced levels of PXN-AS1 expression, cell proliferation capacity, and the number of cell migration and invasion(allP<0.05), while the level of cell apoptosis significantly increased(P<0.05). The dual-luciferase reporter system results demonstrated specific adsorption of miR-125a-5p by PXN-AS1 in HGC-27 cells. Knockdown of miR-125a-5p could reverse the effect of PXN-AS1 silencing on the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and promote apoptosis. The bioinformatics analysis results indicated that the downstream target genes of miR-125a-5p were involved in various biological processes, including DNA damage, T cell apoptosis and differentiation, RNA metabolism synthesis processes, and signal transduction. Additionally, miR-125a-5p was implicated in signaling pathways such as the HIF-1 pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, and cell apoptosis signaling pathway.
Conclusion
PXN-AS1 is upregulated in gastric cancer. Moreover, acting as a competitive sponge for miR-125a-5p, PXN-AS1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells HGC-27 while inhibiting apoptosis.
6.Quantitative analysis of foot kinematics in patients with early Parkinson′s disease under dual task
Haohao WANG ; Xiaofan XUE ; Dongtao LIU ; Zhou LONG ; Cheng WANG ; Lichun ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Neurology 2024;57(3):255-265
Objective:To investigate the gait characteristics of patients with early Parkinson′s disease (PD) under cognitive dual task, and to provide sensitive kinematic indicators for the early diagnosis, timely treatment and reasonable rehabilitation of PD.Methods:A total of 62 outpatients and inpatients with early non-tremor Parkinson′s disease in Shijingshan Branch of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2021 to August 2023 were selected as experimental group (PD group), and 62 healthy controls with comparable age composition ratio were selected as control group. The baseline data, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale scores, and the gait assessment scores of the motor part of the Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale were compared between the 2 groups. The wearable gait analysis device was used to collect the gait parameters of the 2 groups of subjects under single task and dual task, and the foot kinematic characteristics of the patients with early PD were quantified. Independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the gait parameters of the 2 groups. The statistically significant variables were included in Logistic regression analysis to explore the association between gait parameters and PD. Finally, the diagnostic value of the variables was estimated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:Gait spatio-temporal parameters (per gait cycle): (1) The gait speed of the PD group was slower than that of the control group [(1.01±0.12) m/s vs (1.22±0.18) m/s, t=-7.526] during single task walking. The bipedal support time in the PD group was significantly longer than that in the control group [(0.29±0.05) s vs (0.22±0.06) s, t=6.659]. The differences were both statistically significant (both P<0.001). (2) During dual-task walking, PD patients showed slower gait speed [(0.88±0.11) m/s vs (1.19±0.16) m/s, t=-12.158, P<0.001]. The bipedal support time in the PD group was longer than that in the control group [(0.36±0.05) s vs (0.22±0.05) s, t=12.828, P<0.001]. PD patients had shorter stride length [(109.20±6.21) cm vs (112.77±5.87) cm, t=-3.203, P=0.010]. Stride frequency in the PD group was higher than that in the control group [(114.45±7.10) steps/min vs (110.87±7.16) steps/min, t=2.724, P=0.020]. The single leg support time was longer than that of the control group [(0.49±0.12) s vs (0.45±0.06) s, t=2.643, P=0.020] , and the differences were statistically significant. Gait kinematics parameters: (1) During single task walking, the maximum angle of foot movement in the sagittal plane in the PD group was smaller than that in the control group (17.19°±2.37° vs 19.71°±2.92°, t=-4.691, P<0.001). The minimum angle of movement in the sagittal plane was smaller than that in the control group (-67.08°±4.63° vs -70.10°±3.94°, t=0.395, P=0.001). The minimum horizontal angle of the foot during exercise in the PD group was lower than that in the control group (9.08°±4.02° vs 11.80°±3.60°, t=-3.461, P<0.001). The minimum angle of the foot coronal plane in the PD group was smaller than that in the control group (-10.55°±2.87° vs -12.04°±2.31°, t=2.831, P=0.030; the negative sign only represents the movement direction). The touch angle of the foot in the PD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (11.14°±2.78° vs 12.78°±3.57°, t=-2.779, P=0.030). (2) During dual-task walking, the maximum sagittal angle (15.44°±2.54° vs 18.99°±2.71°, t=-6.673, P<0.05), the minimum angle of sagittal plane (-65.68°±4.73° vs -70.02°±4.04°, t=-4.747, P<0.001; the negative sign only represents the direction of movement), the minimum coronal movement angle (-11.15°± 2.99° vs -13.18°±2.50°, t=3.642, P=0.020), the touch angle (11.01°±3.10° vs 12.83°±4.01°, t=-2.438, P=0.010), the minimum horizontal angle (8.83°±4.04° vs 11.83°±3.63°, t=-3.776, P<0.001), and the change of the angle from the ground (-65.00°±3.54° vs -67.06°±3.61°, t=3.133, P<0.001) in the PD group were all smaller than that in the control group. The differences were all statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis showed that step frequency was positively correlated with PD ( OR=1.124,95% CI 1.040-1.201, P=0.001), minimum angle of coronal plane was positively correlated with PD ( OR=1.501, 95% CI 1.040-2.151, P=0.030). Stride length was negatively correlated with PD ( OR=0.902, 95% CI 0.830-0.978, P=0.010). ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of step frequency, stride length and minimum angle of coronal plane. For step frequency, when the maximum Youden index was 0.880, the best cut-off value to distinguish the PD group from the control group was 115.000, the sensitivity was 0.577, the specificity was 0.710, and the area under the curve was 0.656. For the minimum coronal angle, when the maximum Youden index was 0.251, the best cut-off value was -12.575, the sensitivity was 0.728, the specificity was 0.531, and the area under the curve was 0.670. For stride length, when the maximum Youden index was 0, the best cut-off value was 100.91, the sensitivity was 0.950, the specificity was 0.050, and the area under the curve was 0.300. Conclusions:Some gait parameters such as step frequency and minimum angle of coronal plane can be used as kinematic markers to reflect the gait characteristics of early PD, which may be helpful in tracking and evaluating the gait disorder characteristics of early PD patients and predicting the risk of PD. Some gait parameters of PD patients are significantly different from those of healthy people during cognitive-motor dual-task walking.
7.Peroral endoscopic myotomy in achalasia patients with long course of disease
Jianing SUN ; Qingpeng XU ; Yifan MA ; Haoran LIU ; Linning XU ; Qinfei XUE ; Hanchao PAN ; Siyue ZHANG ; Dongtao SHI ; Rui LI
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2023;40(8):630-634
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in achalasia of cardia (AC) patients with the long course.Methods:A total of 159 AC patients who received POEM from January 2015 to March 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were divided into the long course group (≥10 years) and the non-long course group (<10 years). The baseline information, POEM procedure and postoperative recurrence were compared and the differences between the recurrent patients and non-recurrent patients in the long course group were explored.Results:The age (57.09±14.30 years VS 42.08±15.68 years, t=5.569, P<0.001), the rate of treatment history [28.9% (13/45) VS 9.6% (11/114), χ2=9.319, P=0.020], the proportion of Henderson grade Ⅲ esophagus [17.8% (8/45) VS 6.1% (7/114), χ2=7.020, P=0.030] in the long course group were significantly higher than those in the non-long course group. The recurrence rate in the long course group was significantly higher than that in the non-long course group [33.3% (15/45) VS 14.9% (17/114), χ2=6.811, P=0.009]. In the long course group, the age (62.50 ± 16.94 years VS 53.77 ± 12.95 years, t=-2.121, P=0.040), and the rate of treatment history [53.3% (8/15) VS 16.7% (5/30), χ2=6.544, P=0.016] in the recurrent patients were higher than those in the non-recurrent patients. Conclusion:POEM is safe and effective for long-course AC patients. In patients with the long course, the aged patients with previous treatment are more likely to relapse.
8.Emerging trends in organ-on-a-chip systems for drug screening.
Yanping WANG ; Yanfeng GAO ; Yongchun PAN ; Dongtao ZHOU ; Yuta LIU ; Yi YIN ; Jingjing YANG ; Yuzhen WANG ; Yujun SONG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023;13(6):2483-2509
New drug discovery is under growing pressure to satisfy the demand from a wide range of domains, especially from the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare services. Assessment of drug efficacy and safety prior to human clinical trials is a crucial part of drug development, which deserves greater emphasis to reduce the cost and time in drug discovery. Recent advances in microfabrication and tissue engineering have given rise to organ-on-a-chip, an in vitro model capable of recapitulating human organ functions in vivo and providing insight into disease pathophysiology, which offers a potential alternative to animal models for more efficient pre-clinical screening of drug candidates. In this review, we first give a snapshot of general considerations for organ-on-a-chip device design. Then, we comprehensively review the recent advances in organ-on-a-chip for drug screening. Finally, we summarize some key challenges of the progress in this field and discuss future prospects of organ-on-a-chip development. Overall, this review highlights the new avenue that organ-on-a-chip opens for drug development, therapeutic innovation, and precision medicine.
9.Evaluation of polysaccharide hemostatic system for arterial hemorrhage of upper digestive tract
Yibin SUN ; Chen CHEN ; Yujia XIONG ; Chenhuan TAN ; Yiting LIU ; Ji FENG ; Yifan MA ; Dongtao SHI ; Deqing ZHANG ; Ling LI ; Rui LI
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2022;39(7):559-563
Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of EndoClot polysaccharide hemostatic system (EndoClot PHS) for heparinized arterial hemorrhage of upper digestive tract (Forrest Ⅰa) in animal model.Methods:Twelve experimental pigs were randomly divided into the test group ( n=6) and the control group ( n=6) by simple random grouping method. Gastric arterial hemorrhage models were established. Endoclot PHS and Hemospray were used to spray on the wound to stop bleeding in the test group and the control group respectively. The time of effective hemostasis, the amount of hemostatic particles used, and the blockage of the powder feeding tube and its replacement were compared between the two groups. The survival and complications of experimental pigs were observed after the operation. In 10 days after the operation, the experimental pigs were euthanized for pathological dissection. Results:Spurting or pulsatile bleeding was achieved in all experimental pigs. There were significant differences in the time of effective hemostasis (8.75±0.84 min VS 9.83±0.62 min, t=-2.53, P=0.030) and the amount of hemostatic particles used to achieve effective hemostasis (6.71±0.39 g VS 14.10±1.62 g, t=-10.86, P<0.001) between the test group and the control group. There was no significant difference in the occurence of clogging or the replacement of powder feeding pipes between the two groups (0.64±0.02 times VS 0.67±0.04 times, t=-1.64, P=0.131). In addition, the gas source of the test group was stable, and the visual field under the endoscope was clear. Neither the test group nor the control group had gastric lesions, perforation, or embolism. The blood glucose, blood routine, and liver and kidney functions were normal, and no thrombosis or embolism of the main organs occurred in either group. Conclusion:EndoClot PHS is safe and effective for heparinized upper gastrointestinal arterial hemorrhage (Forrest Ⅰa) in animal models.
10.Clinical features and prognostic factors of primary gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms
Yujia XIONG ; Xiaoyu LIU ; Cuie CHENG ; Chen CHEN ; Yibin SUN ; Chenhuan TAN ; Yiting LIU ; Ji FENG ; Yifan MA ; Dongtao SHI ; Rui LI ; Qiyun TANG
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine 2020;59(4):297-302
Objective:To study the clinical characteristics and classification of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm(NEN) and prognostic factors of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) and gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC).Methods:A total of 148 gastric NENs were divided into type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ based on the classification of European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS). Kaplan-Meier test and Cox regression model were used in univariate and multivariate survival analysis in 108 cases with pathological G3 gastric NEN.Results:In this study, the percentages of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ were 25.0%(37), 3.4%(5) and 71.6%(106) respectively. Among type Ⅰ patients, 28(75.7%) lesions were located in gastric fundus or body, 29(78.4%) had bumps. Lymph node involvement was found in 4 (10.8%) patients. Twenty-six (70.3%) patients received endoscopic treatment and 11 (29.7%) with surgery. All 5 type Ⅱ patients presented lesions in gastric fundus or body, including 4 with ulcers, who were all treated by endoscope. Three type Ⅱ patients had gastrinoma, and 2 combined with multiple endocrine neoplasmⅠ. In type Ⅲ patients, 56(52.8%) showed ulcerative lesions. The majority of patients (102, 96.2%) had a single lesion, 94(88.7%) with lymph node or other organ metastasis. In this study, no deaths were reported in gastric NEN with a pathological grade of G1 or G2. The mortality rate was 38.9%(42/108) in patients with G3 NEN. Survival analysis suggested that age, metastasis of tumor were associated with poor prognosis ( P=0.041, 0.025). Conclusions:Patients with gastric NEN have heterogenous clinical presentations according to gender, age, endoscopic features, infiltration and metastasis, and pathological grade. Aging and metastasis are negative prognostic factors of G3 gastric NEN.


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