1.The Initial Hyperglycemia in Acute Type II Pyrethroid Poisoning.
Dongseob KIM ; Jeongmi MOON ; Byeongjo CHUN
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2015;30(4):365-370
This retrospective observational case series study was conducted to describe the clinical feature of acute type II pyrethroid poisoning, and to investigate whether hyperglycemia at presentation can predict the outcome in patients with type II pyrethroid poisoning. This study included 104 type II pyrethroid poisoned patients. The complication rate and mortality rate was 26.9% and 2.9% in type II pyrethroid poisoned patients. The most common complication was respiratory failure followed by acidosis and hypotension. In non-diabetic type II pyrethroid poisoned patients, patients with complications showed a higher frequency of hyperglycemia, abnormalities on the initial X ray, depressed mentality, lower PaCO2 and HCO3- levels, and a higher WBC and AST levels at the time of admission compared to patients without complication. Hyperglycemia was an independent factor for predicting complications in non-diabetic patients. Diabetic patients had a significantly higher incidence of complications than non-diabetic patients. However, there was no significant predictive factor for complications in patients with diabetes mellitus probably because of small number of diabetes mellitus. In contrast to the relatively low toxicity of pyrethroids in mammals, type II pyrethroid poisoning is not a mild disease. Hyperglycemia at presentation may be useful to predict the critical complications in non-diabetic patients.
Acute Disease
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Aged
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Blood Glucose/analysis
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Female
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Humans
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Hyperglycemia/*chemically induced
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Insecticides/*poisoning
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Pyrethrins/*poisoning
2.Protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium strain expressing BLS, Omp19, PrpA, or SOD of Brucella abortus in goats
Mwense LEYA ; Won Kyong KIM ; Enkhsaikhan OCHIRKHUYAG ; Eun-Chae YU ; Young-Jee KIM ; Yoonhwan YEO ; Myeon-Sik YANG ; Sang-Seop HAN ; John Hwa LEE ; Dongseob TARK ; Jin HUR ; Bumseok KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(2):e15-
Background:
Attenuated Salmonella strain can be used as a vector to transport immunogens to the host antigen-binding sites.
Objectives:
The study aimed to determine the protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonellastrain expressing highly conserved Brucella immunogens in goats.
Methods:
Goats were vaccinated with Salmonella vector expressing individually lipoprotein outer-membrane protein 19 (Omp19), Brucella lumazine synthase (BLS), proline racemase subunit A (PrpA), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 5 × 10 9 CFU/mL and challenge of all groups was done at 6 weeks after vaccination.
Results:
Among these vaccines inoculated at 5 × 10 9 CFU/mL in 1 mL, Omp19 or SOD showed significantly higher serum immunoglobulin G titers at (2, 4, and 6) weeks post-vaccination, compared to the vector control. Interferon-γ production in response to individual antigens was significantly higher in SOD, Omp19, PrpA, and BLS individual groups, compared to that in the vector control (all p < 0.05). Brucella colonization rate at 8 weeks post-challenge showed that most vaccine-treated groups exhibited significantly increased protection by demonstrating reduced numbers of Brucella in tissues collected from vaccinated groups. Realtime polymerase chain reaction revealed that Brucella antigen expression levels were reduced in the spleen, kidney, and parotid lymph node of vaccinated goats, compared to the nonvaccinated goats. Besides, treatment with vaccine expressing individual antigens ameliorated brucellosis-related histopathological lesions.
Conclusions
These results delineated that BLS, Omp19, PrpA, and SOD proteins achieved a definite level of protection, indicating that Salmonella Typhimurium successfully delivered Brucella antigens, and that individual vaccines could differentially elicit an antigen-specific immune response.
3.Protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium strain expressing BLS, Omp19, PrpA, or SOD of Brucella abortus in goats
Mwense LEYA ; Won Kyong KIM ; Enkhsaikhan OCHIRKHUYAG ; Eun-Chae YU ; Young-Jee KIM ; Yoonhwan YEO ; Myeon-Sik YANG ; Sang-Seop HAN ; John Hwa LEE ; Dongseob TARK ; Jin HUR ; Bumseok KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(2):e15-
Background:
Attenuated Salmonella strain can be used as a vector to transport immunogens to the host antigen-binding sites.
Objectives:
The study aimed to determine the protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonellastrain expressing highly conserved Brucella immunogens in goats.
Methods:
Goats were vaccinated with Salmonella vector expressing individually lipoprotein outer-membrane protein 19 (Omp19), Brucella lumazine synthase (BLS), proline racemase subunit A (PrpA), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 5 × 10 9 CFU/mL and challenge of all groups was done at 6 weeks after vaccination.
Results:
Among these vaccines inoculated at 5 × 10 9 CFU/mL in 1 mL, Omp19 or SOD showed significantly higher serum immunoglobulin G titers at (2, 4, and 6) weeks post-vaccination, compared to the vector control. Interferon-γ production in response to individual antigens was significantly higher in SOD, Omp19, PrpA, and BLS individual groups, compared to that in the vector control (all p < 0.05). Brucella colonization rate at 8 weeks post-challenge showed that most vaccine-treated groups exhibited significantly increased protection by demonstrating reduced numbers of Brucella in tissues collected from vaccinated groups. Realtime polymerase chain reaction revealed that Brucella antigen expression levels were reduced in the spleen, kidney, and parotid lymph node of vaccinated goats, compared to the nonvaccinated goats. Besides, treatment with vaccine expressing individual antigens ameliorated brucellosis-related histopathological lesions.
Conclusions
These results delineated that BLS, Omp19, PrpA, and SOD proteins achieved a definite level of protection, indicating that Salmonella Typhimurium successfully delivered Brucella antigens, and that individual vaccines could differentially elicit an antigen-specific immune response.
4.Antigenic properties and virulence of foot-and-mouth disease virus rescued from full-length cDNA clone of serotype O, typical vaccine strain.
Rae Hyung KIM ; Jia Qi CHU ; Jeong Nam PARK ; Seo Yong LEE ; Yeo Joo LEE ; Mi Kyeong KO ; Ji Hyeon HWANG ; Kwang Nyeong LEE ; Su Mi KIM ; Dongseob TARK ; Young Joon KO ; Hyang Sim LEE ; Min Goo SEO ; Min Eun PARK ; Byounghan KIM ; Jong Hyeon PARK
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research 2015;4(1):114-118
We cloned the full-length cDNA of O Manisa, the virus for vaccinating against foot-and-mouth disease. The antigenic properties of the virus recovered from the cDNA were similar to those of the parental virus. Pathogenesis did not appear in the pigs, dairy goats or suckling mice, but neutralizing antibodies were raised 5-6 days after the virus challenge. The utilization of O Manisa as a safe vaccine strain will increase if recombinant viruses can be manipulated by inserting or removing a marker gene for differential serology or replacing the protective gene from another serotype.
Animals
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Antibodies, Neutralizing
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Clone Cells*
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Cloning, Molecular
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DNA, Complementary*
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus*
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Goats
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Humans
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Mice
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Parents
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Swine
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Virulence*
5.Vaccination of goats with a combination Salmonella vector expressing four Brucella antigens (BLS, PrpA, Omp19, and SOD) confers protection against Brucella abortus infection
Mwense LEYA ; Won Kyong KIM ; Jeong Sang CHO ; Eun Chae YU ; Young Jee KIM ; Yoonhwan YEO ; Kwang Soo LYOO ; Myeon Sik YANG ; Sang Seop HAN ; John Hwa LEE ; Dongseob TARK ; Jin HUR ; Bumseok KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2018;19(5):643-652
Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen with a cellular infection mechanism similar to that of Brucella, making it a suitable choice for use in an anti-Brucella immune boost system. This study explores the efficacy of a Salmonella Typhimurium delivery-based combination vaccine for four heterologous Brucella antigens (Brucella lumazine synthase, proline racemase subunit A, outer-membrane protein 19, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase) targeting brucellosis in goats. We inoculated the attenuated Salmonella delivery-based vaccine combination subcutaneously at two different inoculation levels; 5 × 10⁹ colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL (Group B) and 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU/mL (Group C) and challenged the inoculations with virulent Brucella abortus at 6 weeks post-immunization. Serum immunoglobulin G titers against individual antigens in Salmonella immunized goats (Group C) were significantly higher than those of the non-immunized goats (Group A) at 3 and 6 weeks after vaccination. Upon antigenic stimulation, interferon-γ from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly elevated in Groups B and C compared to that in Group A. The immunized goats had a significantly higher level of protection as demonstrated by the low bacterial loads in most tissues from the goats challenged with B. abortus. Relative real-time polymerase chain reaction results revealed that the expression of Brucella antigens was lower in spleen, kidney, and lung of immunized goats than of non-immunized animals. Also, treatment with our combination vaccine ameliorated histopathological lesions induced by the Brucella infection. Overall, the Salmonella Typhimurium delivery-based combination vaccine was effective in delivering immunogenic Brucella proteins, making it potentially useful in protecting livestock from brucellosis.
Animals
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Bacterial Load
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Brucella abortus
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Brucella Vaccine
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Brucella
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Brucellosis
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Goats
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Immunoglobulin G
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Kidney
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Livestock
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Lung
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Proline
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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Salmonella typhimurium
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Salmonella
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Spleen
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Stem Cells
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Superoxides
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Vaccination
6.Novel foot-and-mouth disease virus in Korea, July-August 2014.
Jong Hyeon PARK ; Dongseob TARK ; Kwang Nyeong LEE ; Seo Yong LEE ; Mi Kyeong KO ; Hyang Sim LEE ; Su Mi KIM ; Young Joon KO ; Min Goo SEO ; Ji Eun CHUN ; Myoung Heon LEE ; Byounghan KIM
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research 2016;5(1):83-87
Despite nation-wide immunization with O, A, and Asia 1 type vaccines in Republic of Korea, foot-and-mouth disease type O occurred again in July 2014 after three years and three months. This virus was a Mya-98 strain of the Southeast Asian topotype and was most similar to the identified type that circulated in East Asia in 2014. This was new virus with the deletion of 23 amino acids in 3A/3B1 region and low pathogenic property.
Amino Acids
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Animals
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Asia
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Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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Far East
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus*
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease*
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Humans
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Immunization
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Korea*
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Republic of Korea
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Sequence Deletion
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Vaccination
;
Vaccines
7.Control of type O foot-and-mouth disease by vaccination in Korea, 2014–2015
Jong Hyeon PARK ; Dongseob TARK ; Kwang Nyeong LEE ; Ji Eun CHUN ; Hyang Sim LEE ; Young Joon KO ; Soo Jeong KYE ; Yong Joo KIM ; Jae Ku OEM ; Soyoon RYOO ; Sung Bin LIM ; Seo Yong LEE ; Joo Hyung CHOI ; Mi Kyeong KO ; Su Hwa YOU ; Myoung Heon LEE ; Byounghan KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2018;19(2):271-279
On December 3, 2014, a type O foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak began in Korea. Although vaccinations were administered, FMD cases increased steadily for five months, and reached 185 cases by April 2015. Most of the affected animals were pigs, which are vulnerable to vaccination. The FMD virus belonged to the South-East Asia (SEA) topotype that had been observed three times in Korea between April 2010 and July 2014. However, the FMD virus isolated in December 2014 had a unique feature; that is, partial deletion of the 5′ non-coding region, a deletion not seen in previous SEA topotype isolates identified in Korea. We conclude that this outbreak included the introduction of a new FMD strain to Korea, and that Korea was now affected by genetically similar FMD virus strains that are related to those from neighboring countries.
Animals
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Asia
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease
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Korea
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Swine
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Vaccination