BACKGROUND: Orthopedic academics are committed to the modification of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) by adding different additives, including the promotion of curing agents, plasticizers, anti-water blood solvent, porogen, enhancer, or biological activity substance or drug compound to the CPC in order to enhance its physical and chemical and biological properties which is a research hotspot in the field. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of a biodegradable injectable CPC. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Duplicated testing study was performed at the National Key Laboratory, College of Materials, South China University of Technology from December 2008 to May 2009. MATERIALS: Calcium phosphate with partial crystallization and strontium phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphate dehydrate with partial crystallization were added with modified starch and type I collagen to prepare a new type of self-injectable CPC. METHODS: CPC phase was analyzed using X'Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer; CPC morphology was observed using HITA2 -CHIH-800 transmission/scanning electron microscope; setting-up time was tested using Vicat apparatus according to A S TM C190203 standard; compressive strength was measured using Instron 5567 omnipotent electron apparatus; syringeability was detected using syringe apparatus with 1.6 mm of inside diameter; collapsibility was tested using soaking-shaking quantitative materials. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Phase component and microstructure of CPC products, setting-up time, syringeability, compressive strength, and collapsibility. RESULTS: The material coul be injected with an excellent performance, and the modified starch significantly improved the resistance of bone cement collapsibility. As the bone cement liquid-solid ratio increased, the compressive strength of cement decreased. When the bone cement liquid-solid ratio was 0.3, the compressive strength for cement was (48.0±2.3) MPa when the bone cement liquid-solid ratio was 0.6, the compressive strength of bone cement reduced to (21,0±2.5) MPa. Hydration productof cement-like bone hydroxyapatite crystallization also could be seen from the X-ray diffraction, due to the hydration of-cement was not complete, a baseline level of volatile explained fully hydrated conditions, suggesting that the bone cement could farther improve the compression strength. CONCLUSION: Developed an injectable strontium-contained collagen CPC is coincidence with the biomechanical strength of the human body and meets the requirements of the operation conditions.

Objective To observe the effect of Yiqi Fuzhi Granule on activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis in rat models of multiple infarctional dementia.Methods Internal carotid artery injection method was used to establish rat models of multiple infarctional dementia.The changes of blood rheology,blood platelet aggregation,thromboplastin time,plasmozyme time and kaolin partial thromboplastin time before and after operation were observed.Results Yiqi Fuzhi Granule could markedly improve blood rheology in rat models of multiple infarctional dementia and reduce blood viscosity and blood platelet aggregati on rate,the effect being obvious before operation.Conclusion Yiqi Fuzhi Granule has a good action of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

Objective To compare different dose of remifentanil combined with propofol for painless abortion and approach to an appropriate dose of remifentanil.Methods Ninety pregnant women with ASA 1 were randomly divided into three groups(n=30)before administrating remifetanil,a bolus midazolam 1 mg was injected inminutes later.These two drugs did not stop administration until three minutes before the end of negative suction.MAP,HR,SpO2,BIS,RR,VT,PET CO2 were monitored.The onset,operation and recovery time,sedation score and adverse reaction were recorded.Results Sedation scores were significantly different between group A and C [(3.90±0.97)and(4.90±0.85),t=4.24,P＜0.01].Three cases in group A were found moving.MAP,HR,BIS decreased as compared witll baseline.HR reduced significantly in group C(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Respiratory movement was lower and shallower.RR,VT decreased compared to preoperative one.PET C02 increased gradually (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There were two cases of respiratory depressing in group A,four cases in group B and ten cases in group C(five cases apnea more than three minutes).All patients used oxygen mask to maintain SpO2＞95%.Incidence of adverse reactions such as chest titanic,nausea and vomiting,itching were of no difference among three groups(P＞0.05).All patients were satisfied with anesthesia.Conclusion The appropriate infusing dose of remifetory devices such as oxygen mask and monitoring life signs are very important to prevent respiratory depress and bradycardia during operation.

Objective To investigate the motion characteristics of primary thoracic esophageal carcinoma with four-dimensional computed tomography(4DCT).Methods Sixteen patients with primary thoracic esophageal carcinoma received respiratory gated 4DCT imaging,mapping the GTV1-GTV10 on every patient's each subsequent CT image of 10 images in the full-respiratory phase,and measuring the displacement of each centre of GTV.These displacements and directions were analyzed on different segments of esophagus.Results The mean total lung volume and GTV volume was 2993.5 cm3,35.00 cm3 and 3362.12 cm3,34.84 cm'respectively on end-expiration and end-inspiration phases(t=12.36,P=0.000and t=-0.61,P=0.546).The total mean peak to peak displacement of GTV were 0.65 mm,0.55 mm,and 2.03 nnn in x,y-and z-axis direction,respectively(F=41.14,P=0.000).The motion in x-axis,y-axis and z-axis were 0.50 mm,0.48mm,1.23 mm in the upper segment(F=5.45,P=0.017),0.68 mm,0.62 mm,1.97 mm in the middle segment(F=27.74,P=0.000),0.72 mm,0.38 mm,3.05 mm in the lower segment,respectively(F=15.61,P=0.000).Conclusions The displacement of tumor in z axis is more notable than x-,y-axis in thoracic esophageal carcinoma.The displacement of tumor x-,y-and z-axis is different in different segment of thoracic esophageal carcinoma.

Objective:To analyze associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with dyslipidemia among residents in Wuhai city.Methods: Data about social demographic characteristics, life style, health status and other covariate required for analysis in this study was obtained from a cross-sectional study on a total of 11 497 18-79 years old residents in Wuhai City by questionnaire, body mea-surement and laboratory examination.In this study, sedentary behavior and physical activity were evaluated using international physical activity questionnaire long version (IPAQ).IPAQ is widely used all over the world, and its reliability and validity have been tested in Chinese population.2016 Chinese Guideline for the Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults was used to define dyslipidemia in this study.Results: According to IPAQ scoring protocol, 124 participants were excluded as a result of reporting more than 960 min of physical activity per day.50.58% of 11 373 participants included in the analysis reported more than 4 hours of sedentary behavior per day in this study, thus 49.42% participants reported no more than 4 hours of sedentary behavior per day;the proportions of these 11 373 participants who reached Low level physical activity, Moderate level physical activity and high level physical activity were 23.43%, 37.29% and 39.28% respectively;and the detection ratios of new cases and prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in Wuhai City were 20.46% and 16.13% respectively.After controlling for confounders in this study, we found out that sedentary behavior increased the risk of new cases of dyslipidemia in women (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.00-1.36), and increased the risk of prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in both men (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.02-1.44) and women (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.48);as for association of physical activity with dyslipidemia, association was found between high level physical activity and prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in men in this study (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.62-0.98), suggested that high level physical activity may help to reduce the risk of prevalent cases of dyslipidemia in men.Conclusion: Our results from this cross-sectional study in Wuhai City suggested that sedentary behavior increased the risk of dyslipidemia;by contrast, physical activity may help to reduce the risk of dyslipidemia.

OBJECTIVETo detect hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody in saliva and find its clinical significance.

METHODSSera and saliva samples from eighty-six patients were parallely detected HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) with EIA using a modified protocol.

RESULTSTwenty-nine of 86 patients were positive for anti-HCV in sera samples; and, 27/29 were also anti-HCV positive with saliva samples. For the 57 anti-HCV negative sera, the saliva samples were all negative. Comparing with the results of sera, the sensitivity (93.1%, 27/29) and specificity (100%, 57/57) of salivary detection for anti-HCV could be accepted.

CONCLUSIONIf the results of sera are considered as "golden standard", these results suggest that tests on saliva can be useful in HCV clinical diagnosis and epidemiological studies for estimating the prevalence of HCV in populations.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; methods ; Hepacivirus ; immunology ; Hepatitis C ; diagnosis ; virology ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Saliva ; immunology ; virology ; Sensitivity and Specificity

ObjectiveTo investigate a reasonable perioperative nutrition support therapy for combined ‘en bloc’ liver/pancreas transplants (CLPT).MethodThe clinical data of 10 patients,5 with gastrointestinal malignancy and liver metastasis and the other 5 with end-stage liver cirrhosis complicated with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM),who had undergone CLPT in our center from May 2004 to September 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.All these patients received preioperative nutrition support,including normal food combined with nutrient solution before surgery,and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to parenteral nutrition (PN) +enteral nutrition ( EN ) and to EN after surgery.The intestinal absorption,nutritional status,laboratory test results,and complications were recorded.ResultsAll recipients experienced a smooth recovery from the procedure,with normal or almost normal liver,pancreas,and duodenum graft functions.Three patients suffered from intestinal fistula,and all of them received TPN therapy; two patients died of multiple organ failure and one recovered from the complication.The remaining seven patients had smooth transition from TPN to EN.Of the 5 patients with malignancies,three died of multiple organ failure and 2 died of cancer recurrence.Of the 5 patients with liver cirrhosis and T2DM,four patients survived and 1 patient died of graft-verse-host disease.ConclusionRational perioperative nutrition support is important for the successful recovery after CLPT.

In the present paper, in-situ preparation of silver nanoparticles have been conducted in 3D network structure of BC membrane through liquid phase chemical deoxidization method. The characterization of products was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), energy dispersion spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The absorbing water capacity and preserving water capacity of substitutes and the antibacterial capacities of antibacterial agent-loaded artificial skin were tested. The results showed the silver nanoparticles were approximately spherical particles with an average diameter of 45nm, and were noted to have excellent sterilizing efficacy the efficiency of against Escherichia coli, yeast and Candida albicans.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; chemistry ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Cellulose ; chemistry ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Silver ; Skin, Artificial

Objective:To observe the pathological changes of levator palpebrae superiors muscle in patients with different severities of simple congenital ptosis (SCP).Methods:Levator palpebrae superiors muscle specimens from 102 eyes of 68 patients with SCP who received levator palpebrae superiors muscle shortening surgery at Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital from August 2018 to October 2019 were collected as the observation group.According to the severity of ptosis, the specimens were divided into three groups, coverage ≤4 mm group (n=35), coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group (n=30), and coverage >6 mm group (n=37). Fresh levator palpebrae superiors muscle tissues from 8 normal donors in Aier Eye Bank of Wuhan Red Cross were selected as the control group.All specimens were performed with Masson trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and ImageJ software was used to measure the collagen fiber area ratio, skeletal muscle fiber area ratio and the integrated absorbance (IA) value of α-SMA.Seventeen specimens (2 from the control group, 5 from coverage ≤4 mm group/coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group/coverage >6 mm group) were observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital (No.HKAIER2018IRB-005-01). All patients and their legal guardians were well informed about the treatment method and the purpose of sampling and voluntarily signed informed consent.Results:Compared with the control group, the skeletal muscle fiber was reduced in number and was in disordered arrangement, and the striation of some muscle fibers disappeared, and hyperplastic fibrous connective tissue was found in intercellular substances in the observation group.The collagen fiber area ratio of the coverage ≤4 mm group, coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group were significantly higher than that of the control group, and the skeletal muscle fiber area ratio of the three groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (all at P<0.008 3). There were more smooth muscle fibers and positive expression of α-SMA found in the specimens of the observation group.The IA value of α-SMA of the coverage ≤4 mm group, coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group was 7 195.28(5 935.69, 14 058.29), 55 584.18(33 861.88, 80 419.32), 166 507.76(119 121.95, 187 890.86), respectively, which were all higher than 5 543.03(4 867.67, 8 312.02) of the control group, among which, there were statistically significant differences between the control group and the coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group (both at P<0.008 3). Abundant organelles and some damaged mitochondria were found in smooth muscle cytoplasm in the observation group with a TEM.But no characteristic structure of smooth muscle cells such as dense patch and dense body was detected.Conclusions:There are abnormal smooth muscle cells in the levator palpebrae superiors muscle of SCP patients, and the dysgenesis of the levator palpebrae superiors muscle may be related to this abnormal muscle cell.

Atherosclerosis(AS), characterized with the accumulation of lipids on the vessel wall, is an immune-related inflammatory disease which promotes the progression of cardiovascular diseases(CVD). The imbalance of Treg/Th17 accelerates the progression of AS. Yangyin Huoxue Prescription(YHF)is an efficient traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment of AS, but the effects of YHF on the balance of immunity have still not been clarified. This project was designed to investigate the effects of YHF on the imbalance of Treg/Th17 and AS in ApoE-/- mice induced by high-fat diet(HFD). ApoE-/- mice were given HFD to induce AS and administered low-dose YHF(18 g/kg)or high-dose YHF(36 g/kg)for 20 weeks. Atherosclerotic plaque area was analyzed by oil red O staining. Serum lipids were measured by biochemical kits. Treg or Th17 cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. mRNA and protein expression of Foxp3 and RORγt of aortas were determined by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Splenic CD4+T cells of mice were isolated and activated by anti-CD3/CD28, and then treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and YHF. The expression of mRNA and protein of Foxp3 and RORγt were detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. It was found that YHF reduced the plaque area, decreased lipid level and increased the ratio of Treg cells in peripheral blood. Moreover, YHF increased mRNA or protein expression of Foxp3 in aortas in vivo or CD4+T cells in vitro while decreasing mRNA or protein expression of RORγt. These results suggested that YHF can regulate the imbalance of Treg/Th17 in ApoE-/- mice induced by HFD, and reduce the inflammatory stimulation of LPS on CD4+T cells, thereby improving AS.