0. 05). Conclusion H. pylori infection induces the elevation of COX-2 but not COX-1 expression in mice gastric mucosa. The expression of COX-2 in epithelial cells remained high even after H. pylori eradication.

Objective To compare changes in dental arch and soft and hard tissue produced by the Damon Q self-ligating bracket and 3M metal bracket with non-extraction treatment in maxillary mild-to-moderate crowding cases. Meth-ods Eighty seven patients were selected in our study, who were assigned to 4 groups by the crowding degree of maxillary and appliance type:ⅠandⅡcrowding degree using Damon Q self-ligating bracket groups (41 cases);ⅠandⅡcrowding de-gree 3M metal bracket groups (46 cases). We measured lateral cephalometric radiographs and dental casts at both beginning and end of treatment. Paired t-tests and group t-tests were used in statistical analysis to compare the alteration in dental arch and soft and hard tissue. Results There was significant increase in width and length of maxillary dental arch by non-extraction treatment withⅠandⅡcrowding degree maxillary, but the results of both groups were not of statistical difference. To compare hard and soft tissue in two groups withⅡcrowding degree maxillary, the reduction of nasolabial angle, angle of inclination of upper lip, angle of upper lip and lower lip had obvious statistical significance and it is more prominent in self-ligating bracket group than in conventional bracket group. Conclusion Using non-extraction treatment, when maxillary crowding is moderate, ,Damon Q self-ligation bracket group result in more prominent changes of upper lip protrusion than 3M bracket with more marked crowding . Therefore, clinical doctors should pay more attention to choose bracket and treat-ment system for patients with marked crowding of maxillary dentition.

Objective To investigate characteristics of glucose metabolism of non-obese and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods From May 2006 to April 2009, 1928 PCOS patients treated in Reproductive Medicine Center of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were enrolled in this study, which were divided into 901 cases [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2] in obese group and 1027 cases in non-obese (BMI < 25 kg/m2) group. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), oral glucose tolerance test, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) were compared between the two groups. Results (1) Blood glucose levels: at the time of fasting, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, the levels of glucose were (5. 3±1.1), (9. 0±2. 4), (9. 3±4. 4),(7.5±2.8) ,(5.3±1.8)mmol/L in obese group and (5.0±0. 8) ,(8.4±3.5),(8.0±4.2),(6.5±3.2) ,(4. 9±1.6) mmol/L in non-obese group, which all showed statistical difference at every time point (P < 0. 01). (2)The level of insulin: at the time of fasting, 30, 60, 120 min, the level of insulin were (13±7), (81±51), (102±65), (83±63) mU/L in obese group and (8±5) ,(57±35) ,(62±44),(46±39) mU/L in non-obese group, which all showed statistical differenceatevery time point (P <0. 01). However, at time point of 180 minutes, the level of insulin did not exhibit significantly difference between obese and non-obese group (P > 0. 05). (3) The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism: the rate of IFG was 4. 98% (96/1928). The rate of abnormal glucose tolerance was 23. 08% (445/1928). The rate of IGT were 13.05% (134/1027) in non-obese group and 24. 20% (218/901) in obese group,which also showed remarkable difference (P < 0. 01). The rate of T2DM were 2. 53% (26/1027) in nonobese group and 7.44% (67/901) in obese group, which reached significant difference (P < 0. 01).Conclusion Abnormal glucose metabolism was observed more frequently in overweight or obese PCOS women.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on cholesterol-bile acid metabolism in rabbits with hypercholesterolemia and to explore the mechanism. Methods: Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned into normal control group, untreated group and Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 group, with 8 rabbits in each group. Rabbits in the untreated group and Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 group were fed high cholesterol diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. After 4-week treatment, serum total cholesterol and bile acid contents were assessed. Activity of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in liver tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of CYP7A1, bile salt export pump (BSEP) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) mRNAs in liver tissues were observed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Compared with the normal control group, serum total cholesterol and bile acid contents in the untreated group were increased (P<0.01). Activity of CYP7A1 and expression of CYP7A1 mRNA were decreased and expressions of BSEP and SHP mRNAs were increased in liver tissues in the untreated group as compared with the normal control group (P<0.01). Serum total cholesterol level, and expressions of BSEP and SHP mRNAs in the Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 group were lower than those in the untreated group (P<0.01). The CYP7A1 activity and expression of CYP7A1 mRNA in the Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 group were increased as compared with the untreated group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference in bile acid between the Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 group and the untreated group. Conclusion: Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 can up-regulate the expression of CYP7A1 mRNA, raise the activity of CYP7A1, and inhibit the expressions of BSEP and SHP mRNAs to regulate the metabolism of total cholesterol in rabbits.

Objective To develop a nomogram for the use of predicting renal outcomes of Chinese lupus nephritis (LN) patients.Methods From January 1,2005 to October 1,2015,513 patients with biopsy-proven LN in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were enrolled into this study.Renal outcomes were defined as end-stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine.Demographic characteristics,laboratory data,and pathologic data were recorded and included for analysis.Nomograms were designed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression to predict the non-outcome renal survival in 5 and 8 year according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and continuous reclassification net improvement (cNRI).Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the models were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve.Results During a median follow up of 48 (24,71) months,44 patients (8.58％) reached the endpoint.1-year,5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival were 97.57％,92.89％,79.89％ respectively.According to multivariate Cox regression,four nomograms including index for baseline renal function,pathologic severity,and response to treatment were designed.The best model,within which included eGFR was lower than 30 ml · min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1(HR=4.44,95％ CI 2.16-9.13,P ＜ 0.01),percentage of global glomerulosclerosis was higher (HR=12.28,95％CI 3.58-42.13,P ＜ 0.01) and partial remission occurred after 6-month induction treatment (HR=9.16,95％ CI 4.71-17.82,P ＜ 0.01) demonstrated good discrimination to predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival [C-index,0.80(95％CI 0.81-0.91),0.76(95％CI 0.68-0.85),respectively].The nomogram based on above model also performed good calibration.Conclusion The nomogram based on patients' baseline eGFR,percentage of global glomerulosclerosis,and treatment reaction after 6-month induction therapy can accurately predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival in Chinese lupus nephritis patients.

Objective:To compare the effects of concentrated growth factors (CGF) and lower-level laser therapy (LLLT) on alveolar bone changes at the extraction site in orthodontic patients.Methods:Twenty-one patients who underwent orthodontic treatment at the Department of Stomatology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, from June 2020 to May 2022 were enrolled and randomly divided into the control group, LLLT group, and CGF group, with 7 patients in each group and 28 extraction sites. The control group received natural healing with tooth extraction (minimally invasive healing with tooth extraction). The LLLT group received diode laser treatment on the 1st, 2nd, and 7th days after minimally invasive tooth extraction (wavelength 808 nm, average output power 0.25 W, energy density 4 J/cm 2, spot area 0.28 cm 2), with each site irradiated for 20 seconds. After minimally invasive tooth extraction in the CGF group, immediately place the CGF membrane in the extraction socket. The changes in alveolar bone height and width before and after tooth extraction and bone density and bone contour after alveolar bone healing were measured. Meanwhile, the concentration changes of growth factors osteopontin (OPN) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in gingival crevicular fluid at tooth extraction were measured and statistically analyzed. Results:Compared with the control group, the height and width of the alveolar bone at the tooth extraction wound in the LLLT group and CGF group decreased significantly (all P < 0.05). Compared with the LLLT group, the height and width of the alveolar bone at the tooth extraction wound in the CGF group decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The bone contour score and bone density grading of the LLLT and CGF groups after tooth extraction wound healing were better than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in bone contour score and bone density grading between the LLLT group and the CGF group after tooth extraction wound healing ( P > 0.05). At 1 and 6 months after tooth extraction, there was no statistically significant difference in the concentration of OPN in the gingival crevicular fluid at the extraction site among the control group, LLLT group, and CGF group (all P > 0.05). One month after tooth extraction, compared with the control group, the concentration of TGF-β1 in the gingival crevicular fluid of the tooth extraction wound increased in the LLLT group and the CGF group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Six months after tooth extraction, there was no statistically significant difference in TGF-β1 concentration among the three groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions:Both LLLT and CGF treatments can effectively reduce the height and width of alveolar bone in tooth extraction wounds, promote the recovery of alveolar bone contour and bone density in tooth extraction wounds and provide clinical data support for how to delay the atrophy of alveolar bone in tooth extraction wounds.

Objective:To investigate the validity of AirwayEx@ software in fiberoptic bronchoscopy teaching of standardized residency training.Methods:A total of 36 residents from Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University were selected as objects and randomized into AirwayEx@ software teaching group (group A, n=18) and control group (group C, n=18). All residents had completed traditional learning course of fiberoptic bronchoscopy before training. Group A adopted AirwayEx@ software teaching method and group C took the traditional video teaching method. The training course lasted for two weeks in both groups, and the learning effects of two groups were compared. SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct t-test and Pearson chi-square test. Results:①After the training, the time required for successful tracheal intubation in group A was significantly reduced by 62.76%, the assessment results increased by 30.03%, and the success rate of one-time tracheal intubation was significantly increased by 61.11%. While, the time required for successful tracheal intubation in group C was significantly reduced by 27.96%, the assessment results increased by 10.51%, and the success rate of one-time tracheal intubation did not change obviously. The learning effect in group A was significantly superior to that in group C ( P<0.05). ②Compared with the group C, the group A teaching mode was significantly more interesting and effective ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the traditional video teaching, the application of AirwayEx@ software in simulating the operational teaching of fiberoptic bronchoscopy show more interest and has better effect.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017. Methods: Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ² test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182). Conclusions The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.

AIM: To quantify early changes of macular capillary parameters in type 2 diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Retrospective case study. A total of 49 healthy subjects, 52 diabetic patients without retinopathy(noDR)patients, and 43 mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(mNPDR)patients were recruited. Capillary perfusion density, vessel length density(VLD), and average vessel diameter(AVD)were calculated from macular OCTA images(3 mm×3 mm)of the superficial capillary plexus after segmenting large vessels and the deep capillary plexus. Parameters were compared among control subjects, noDR, and mNPDR patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve estimated the abilities of these parameters to detect early changes of retinal microvascular networks.RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the VLD and AVD among the three groups(P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the noDR group had significantly higher AVD(P<0.05). VLD of both layers in patients of mNPDR group was significant decreased compared with that of noDR group(all P<0.01). Deep AVD had a higher area under the curve(AUC)of 0.796 than other parameters to discriminate the noDR group from the healthy group. Deep AVD had the highest AUC of 0.920, followed by that of the deep VLD(AUC=0.899)to discriminate the mNPDR group from the healthy group.CONCLUSIONS: NoDR patients had wider AVD than healthy individuals and longer VLD than mNPDR patients in both layers. When compared with healthy individuals, deep AVD had a stronger ability than other parameters to detect early retinal capillary impairments in noDR patients.

To compare with the effects of the GM-CSF and IL-2 used as adjuvants in the baculovirus vaccine, we used genetic engineering to construct the recombinant baculovirus rBV-LMI-F and with GM-CSF and IL-2 to immunized chickens. Then, we compared the concentration of the neutralizing antibody and cytokines to determine the immunostimulatory effects of GM-CSF and IL-2. GM-CSF induced higher levels of antibodies and cytokines in chickens at 28 d and 42 d post-vaccination. In conclusion, GM-CSF could elicit higher serum antibody and cytokines responses and improved the effects of Baculovirus vaccine.