1.Features of clinicopathology and blue laser imaging combined with magnification endoscopy of patients with early gastric cancer
Qian SHANG ; Shitong ZHANG ; Zhibing QIU ; Dongni QIU ; Liang ZHONG ; Weiqun DING
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2018;35(10):740-744
Objective To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of early gastric cancer ( EGC) and to evaluate the value of blue laser imaging combined with magnification endoscopy ( BLI-ME) in the diagnosis of EGC. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on data of 255 patients with EGC diagnosed in Huashan Hospital from January 2014 to January 2017, including 33 cases of preoperative BLI-ME intensive examination. According to the Japanese classification of gastric carcinoma of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, the EGCs were histopathologically divided into differentiated and undifferentiated subtypes. Clinical characteristics, endoscopic features, pathological type, lymph node metastasis, and lesion characteristics of BLI-ME were analyzed. Results Among the 255 cases of EGC, 164 cases ( 63. 31%) were male, 242 cases ( 94. 90%) were over 40 years old, 182 cases ( 71. 37%) belonged to differentiated type, 93 cases ( 36. 47%) were located in gastric antrum, 92 cases ( 36. 08%) were type 0-Ⅱc under endoscopy, and 37 cases (14. 51%) had lymph node metastasis. Comparative analysis showed that the lymph node metastasis rate was significantly lower in mucosal carcinoma compared to submucosal carcinoma[ 5. 04%(7/139) VS 25. 86% (30/116),χ2=22. 109, P=0. 000], lower in differentiated carcinoma compared to undifferentiated carcinoma[9. 89% (18/182) VS 26. 03% (19/73), χ2=10. 938, P=0. 002], and lower in tumors with maximum diameter of lesion≤2. 0 cm compared to maximum diameter of lesion>2. 0 cm [ 9. 88% ( 16/162 ) VS 22. 58% ( 21/93 ) , χ2 =7. 687, P=0. 009 ] . Among the 33 cases undergoing BLI-ME, differentiated EGC was mainly fine-network pattern (13. 64%, 3/22), intralobular loop pattern (ILL)-1 (59. 09%, 13/22) and ILL-2 (22. 73%, 5/22), whereas undifferentiated subtype patients were characterized as ILL-2 ( 45. 45%, 5/11 ) and corkscrew pattern ( 54. 55%, 6/11 ) . Conclusion The incidence of EGC is higher in male with age over 40 years. Gastric lesions occur most frequently in the antrum, and the most common microscopic morphology is 0-Ⅱc type. Tumor>2. 0 cm or invasion of submucous layer, and undifferentiated carcinoma are prone to lymph node metastasis. The assessment of mucosal microvascular pattern and micro surface structure under BLI-ME facilitate to determine the pathological type of EGC.
2. Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2010-2017
Xianmin GE ; Wenmin YANG ; Qiuying ZHU ; Xiuling WU ; Zhiyong SHEN ; Jinhui ZHU ; Guanghua LAN ; Huanhuan CHEN ; Qin MENG ; Xinjuan ZHOU ; Dongni DING ; Xuanhua LIU ; Shuai TANG ; Jinghua HUANG ; Yueqin DENG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(3):315-321
Objective:
To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017.
Methods:
Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate.
3.Ethical considerations on the development and application of artificial intelligence in public health
Chunyu RONG ; Dongni HONG ; Baoyue WANG ; Junwei WANG ; Yunmeng WANG ; Xianglong LI ; Siyu DING ; Ping ZHOU
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2024;36(5):504-510
With the development of digital technology, an increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are being applied in the field of public health, significantly improving the efficiency of healthcare systems. However, such technological advancement also introduces a series of ethical risks. In this article, we conducted a systematic review by searching nine domestic and international databases and analyzing the ethical issues related to AI in public health, ultimately including 158 articles. Based on the analysis of the included literature, ethical risks were categorized into four aspects: data, algorithms, rights and responsibilities, and social impact. A total of 15 key issues were identified, among which privacy and confidentiality, informed consent, data security, and fairness, justice and inclusion emerged as the most prominent issues. The ethical challenges posed by AI in the field of public health cannot be ignored, and it is necessary to formulate ethical guidelines and practical recommendations for AI in this field, establish sound regulatory and review mechanisms, thereby ensuring the healthy development of AI research in public health.