ObjectiveTo detect the expressions of orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT) and dihydropyrimidine dchydrogenase (DPD) mRNA in gastric cancer tissues,and investigate their relationship with the clinicopathological factors.MethodsThe gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 53 patients with gastric cancer at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical College from June 2007 to November 2008.The mRNA expressions of OPRT and DPD were detected by reverse transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction,and the correlation between the mRNA expressions of OPRT and DPD and the clinicopathological factors was analyzed.All data were analyzed by using the t test and the one-way analysis of variance.Results The mRNA expression of OPRT in the gastric cancer tissue was 1.15 ± 0.56,which was significantly higher than 0.88 ± 0.31 in the adjacent normal tissues ( t =3.66,P ＜ 0.05 ).The mRNA expressions of DPD in gastric cancer tissues and the adjacent normal tissues were 0.95 ± 0.50 and 0.90 ± 0.41,respectively,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =0.68,P ＞ 0.05 ).The mRNA cxprcssions of OPRT in the gastric cancer tissues with no lymph node metastasis was 1.42 ± 0.54,which was significantly higher than 1.00 ± 0.52 in the gastric cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis (t =7.94,P ＜ 0.05 ).Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (0.93 ± 0.24) and mucinous adenocarcinoma (1.58 ± 0.38) showed a significantly higher DPD mRNA expression than moderately differentiated or well differentiated adenocarcinoma ( 0.67 ± 0.36 ) ( F =27.71,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The mRNA expre ssion of OPRT in gastric cancer tissue is higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues,and its expression in patients with lvmph node metastasis is lower than that in patients without lymph node metastasis.Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma showed higher DPD mRNA expression than moderately or well differentiated adenocarcinoma,and its expression is highest in mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; physiology ; Endocrine System ; metabolism ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the brain perfusion changes in patients with refractory depressive disorder (RDD) and non-refractory depressive disorder (NDD) using arterial spin labeling (ASL).Methods Present study included 12 patients with RDD, 37 patients with NDD and 42 controls,and their age, sex and handedness were matched among the three groups.FAIR sequences were performed using a 3 T MR imaging system with an 8 channel phase array head coiL The labelled and controled images were subtracted and then averaged to obtain perfusion-weighted images.The first 2 images were excluded to avoid T, equilibrium effects and then voxel based analysis was performed using SPM2. One way ANOVA analysis using age as covariance ( thresholded at P ＜ 0.01 uncorrected) was performed.Results Patients with NDD showed regional alteration of the brain perfusion, mainly involved in two frontal subcortical circuits, i.e. significantly decreased perfusion in the left frontal and thalamus (the limbic thalamo-cortical circuit) whereas significantly increased perfusion in bilateral hippocampi, fight lentiform and left anterior cingulated gyros (the limbic-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit).In contrast, patients with RDD presented significantly decreased perfusion involving bilateral frontal areas (the limbic-thalamo-cortieal circuit) whereby no significantly increased perfusion areas were observed.Conclusion In addition to the reported experimental evidences, our results suggest that the RDD is associated with inactivity of bilateral frontal areas, while the NDD is associated with inactivity of left frontal areas and overactivity of bilateral limbic system.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant adenovirus-p53(rAdp53) injection combined with radiotherapy and hyperthermia in the treatment of unresectable advanced soft tissue sarcoma.Methods In this retrospective study, we evaluated 76 patients with unresectable advanced primary or recurrent soft tissue sarcoma treated in our hospital from November 2005 to November 2012.These patients received radiotherapy and hyperthermia with rAdp53(p53 group, n=41) or without rAdp53(control group, n=35).rAdp53((1-2)×1012viral particles each time, once a week, 8 times on average) was injected into the tumor or infused into the pelvic cavity.Radiotherapy (2 Gy each time, 5 times a week) was performed for the planning target volume at 56.3±5.3 Gy in the p53 group and 58.1±4.2 Gy in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Superficial or deep thermotherapy was employed 8 times on average (twice a week).Clinical features, response rate, time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were compared between the two groups (P>0.05).The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate OS;the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis;the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data.Results At 2 months after treatment, the p53 group had significantly increased response rate (partial response+ complete response+ stable disease)(85% vs.54%, P=0.003) and local control rate (49% vs.23%, P=0.020) as well as prolonged TTP (12 months vs.5 months, P=0.010) and OS (48 months vs.31 months, P=0.049), as compared with the control group.No adverse events caused by radiotherapy and hyperthermia except transient fever were seen in the two groups.Conclusions Concurrent radiotherapy and hyperthermia combined with rAdp53 injection is effective and safe for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on expression of Hrd1 in human skin and fibroblasts,and to explore their mechanisms.Methods From December 2017 to June 2018,12 human skin tissue samples were collected from Department of Dermatology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,including 3 sun-exposed and 3 non-sun-exposed skin tissue samples of patients aged 30-40 years,and 3 sun-exposed and 3 non-sun-exposed skin tissue samples of patients aged 60-70 years.Immunohistochemicai examination was performed to determine the expression of Hrd 1 in the above samples.A total of 40 BALB/c mice were randomly classified into 4 groups:UV group treated with UVA irradiation at 10 J/cm2 and UVB irradiation at 30 mJ/cm2 every day,ATRA group topically treated with 0.1 ml of ATRA 0.1％ cream once a day on the shaved back,UV + ATRA group treated with topical ATRA 0.1％ cream before the above UV irradiation,and control group receiving no treatment.After 14 weeks,these mice were sacrificed,skin tissues were excised from the back,and the expression of Hrd 1 was determined by immunohistochemical examination.In vitro cultured human fibroblasts were divided into 4 groups:UV group and ATRA + UV group covered with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) followed by UVA irradiation at 10 J/cm2 or UVB irradiation at 30 mJ/cm2,ATRA group treated with culture media containing 1.μmol/L ATRA for 24 hours,and ATRA + UV group also treated with culture media containing 1 μmol/L ATRA for 24 hours after the ultraviolet irradiation.Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of Hrd 1 in fibroblasts in the above groups,fluorescence microscopy to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the above groups.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparison among groups,and least significant difference (LSD)-t test for multiple comparisons.The difference was considered to be statistically significant when the P value was less than the significant level of 0.05.Results In both the groups of 30-40 years and 60-70 years,the expression of Hrd1 was significantly higher in the sun-exposed skin tissues (0.307 ± 0.256,0.486 ± 0.579,respectively) than in the non-sun-exposed skin tissues (0.196 ± 0.330,0.199 ± 0.375,respectively;t =5.486,10.579 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).In the in vivo experiment,the expression of Hrd1 in the skin tissues of mice significantly differed among the control group,UV group,ATRA group and ATRA + UV group (0.189 ± 0.015,0.288 ± 0.017,0.187 ±0.020,0.226 ± 0.021 respectively,F =19.553,P ＜ 0.001),and the UV group showed significantly higher Hrd1 expression compared with the control group (t =5.337,P =0.033)and ATRA + UV group (t =4.891,P =0.039).In the in vitro experiment,the level of Hrd1 in the fibroblasts significantly differed among the 4 groups after the UVA or UVB irradiation (F =120.704,102.119,both P ＜ 0.001).The effect of the UVA and UVB irradiation on the expression of Hrd1 was basically consistent,and the Hrd1 level was significantly higher in the UV group than in the control group and ATRA + UV group (both P ＜ 0.05).After the UV irradiation,the ROS level was significantly higher in the UV group than in the control group and ATRA + UV group (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ATRA can inhibit ultraviolet-induced Hrd1 expression in skin fibroblasts,likely by inhibiting the generation of cellular ROS.

Brain atlas provides a spatial reference system on which other images can be interpreted in a consistent way, and it is essential for the brain imaging research. However, because of the differences in structure between occidental and oriental brains, the brain atlas based on Western populations, e. g., the International Consortium for Brain Mapping's 154 T1 Weighted Average Atlas, may not be appropriate for other ethnic groups. Therefore, in the present study, we produce an average brain atlas which is based on the data collected from 100 healthy Chinese volunteers. The differences in brains between the Chinese population and the Western population were also investigated. Comparatively,Chinese brains are wider and shorter in size, and smaller in volume.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Reference Values

BACKGROUNDVarious rat kidney transplantation models have been introduced over the decades and the study on the models seems to lack novelty and necessity. However, vascular anastomosis, especially renal vein, is still very difficult for trainees. The aim of this study was to provide the modified renal venous anastomosis of rat kidney transplantation to substitute the current method for trainees.

METHODSMale Wistar rats were used as donors and recipients, respectively. Left orthotopic transplantation was performed with a modified technique of renal vein anastomosis, combining the end-to-end sutures with epidural catheter. Meanwhile, the survival rate, warm ischemia time, renal venous anastomosis time, and complications were recorded to evaluate the merits of the modified technique compared with the current recommended technique of rat renal vein. Two trainees took part in the learning of the models in two methods for performing 30 operations, respectively.

RESULTSThe difference in warm ischemia time (from (57.25 ± 7.30) minutes in the first 10 operations to (30.05 ± 1.85) minutes in the third 10 operations) and renal vein anastomosis time (from (32.80 ± 3.80) minutes in the first 10 operations to (19.30 ± 0.98) minutes in the third 10 operations) was significantly short (P < 0.01) and the survival rate was statistically high (from (25 ± 7)% in the first 10 operations to 70% in the third 10 operations) in equal number of operations (P < 0.01) by comparing with the current recommended method ((47.60 ± 7.19) minutes to (22.8 ± 1.85) minutes, (22.40 ± 3.10) minutes to (9.95 ± 1.50) minutes, 45%± 7% to 80%± 0, respectively). The intraoperative complications and postoperative complications of renal venous anastomosis were also significantly decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe technique with epidural catheter can shorten the learning curve of the trainee learning rat kidney transplantation. It may replace the currently recommended technique of rat renal vein for trainees.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Animals ; Kidney Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Renal Veins