Objective To estimate the disease burden of silicosis in China from 1990 to 2021 and analyze its changing trend using the data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of silicosis. Methods Data on the incidence, prevalence, morbidity and death, mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of silicosis in China were extracted from the GBD 2021 to analyze the disease burden and age distribution of silicosis. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to reflect the temporal trend of various disease burden indicators from 1990 to 2021. The results were then compared with those of the global population. Results In China, prevalent cases of silicosis increased by 116.62% from 79 075 in 1990 to 171 291 in 2021; incident cases of silicosis increased by 75.75% from 13 315 in 1990 to 23 401 in 2021; deaths of silicosis increased by 30.76% from 4 837 in 1990 to 6 326 in 2021; DALYs of silicosis increased by 14.84% from 150,729.65 person-years in 1990 to 173 091.06 person-years in 2021. The age-standardized rate of prevalence, incidence, mortality, DALY, YLL, and YLD of silicosis in China all showed a downward trend. The AAPC (95% CI) was -0.42% (-0.56% ~ -0.29%), -1.02% (-1.16 %~ -0.88%), -2.16% (-2.49% ~ -1.83%), -2.24% (-2.63% ~ -1.84%), -2.45% (-2.76% ~ -2.14%), and -0.42% (-0.54% ~ -0.29%), respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized indicators of silicosis in China were all higher than the global level, and the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05). The proportion of silicosis incident cases in the total incident cases of pneumoconiosis in China increased from 68.49% in 1990 to 78.58% in 2021. Conclusion The age-standardized indicators of silicosis in China showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2021, but the number of prevalent cases, incident cases, and DALYs showed an increasing trend. The age-standardized incident rate of silicosis in China remains at a high level, suggesting that further efforts should be made to prevent and control silicosis.

Objective To investigate the classification,concomitant injuries,and their correlations of medial meniscus posterior root(MMPR)injuries through a large-sample analysis,to enhance the comprehensive understanding of MMPR and related injuries.Methods A total of 240 patients with MMPR injuries were divided into 5 types.The distance of the torn end separation and the value of meniscus protrusion of MMPR were measured,and the grading of cartilage injury in the medial tibiofemoral compartment was recorded.The relationships between MMPR injuries and meniscus tear location,tear type,meniscus protrusion,and grading of cartilage injury were analyzed.Results The incidence of MMPR injuries was 2.82％,with females being 3.14 times more affected than males.Medial meniscus tears in type 1 and type 4 MMPR injuries were predominantly located in the posterior horn and posterior root,while there were no statistical differences among types 2,3,and 5.Type 1 MMPR injuries were predominantly oblique tears,types 2,3,and 5 were predominantly radial and complex tears,and type 4 was predominantly complex tears.The incidence of meniscus protrusion was sig-nificantly higher in types 3 and 4 MMPR injuries compared to other types.The value of medial meniscus protrusion was greater in type 4 MMPR than in type 3.In type 3 MMPR injuries,a larger torn end separation distance correlated with a greater value of medial meniscus protrusion.The severity of MMPR injuries correlated positively with the grading of cartilage injury in the medial tibiofemo-ral compartment.Conclusion Females are more prone to MMPR injuries than males.The classification of MMPR injuries correlates with the location and type of medial meniscus tears,as well as medial meniscus protrusion.There is a positive correlation between the torn end separation distance and the value of meniscus protrusion in MMPR injuries.The severity of MMPR injuries correlates with the degree of cartilage injury in the medial tibiofemoral compartment.

Objective To study the proteomic profiling of lung and colon during lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods Mice were divided into four groups:the control,LPS,LPS+ Platycodonis Radix(PR)and LPS+ Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RRR).LPS was injected into the lungs through trachea,and the drugs were given by intragastric injection.The mice were weighed,the faeces of each mouse were determined,and the lungs and colon were isolated for analysis of pathophysiological changes and proteomics.Results ①After 7 days of LPS,the weight of mice decreased,the lung showed inflammatory changes,and the faeces increased.Both PR and RRR can improve the inflammation.②There are lot of proteins was increased in lung mainly involved in gene transcription and in colon mainly involved in mitochondrial,endoplasmic reticulum and metabolism,etc.The up-regulated proteins shared by both lung and colon were involved in myoprotein contraction.PR can inhibit the up-regulated protein more than RRR in lung.③There are large number of proteins were down-regulated in lung involved in cell membrane and in colon involved in nucleic acid binding and ATP binding.The down-regulated proteins shared by both lung and colon were involved in endoplasmic reticulum,nucleic acid binding and cell membrane,etc.The down-regulated proteins in lung by PR are more than those by RRR,which is involved in endoplasmic reticulum,cell membrane,etc.Conclusion LPS-induced lung injury can cause changes in the expression of protein in lung and colon proteins,and the increase in the expression of myoprotein contraction genes may be one of the molecular mechanisms related to lung and colon.

Objective:To assess the ultrasonographic features and potential diseases of fetal abnormal sylvian fissure(SF), and to explore the value of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in prenatal detection.Methods:A total of 28 fetuses with a sonographic diagnosis of abnormal SF in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University between October 2018 and October 2020 were prospectively included. The fetal brain was evaluated by neuroultrasound and intrauterine MRI in detail. Amniotic fluid/cord blood obtained by amniocentesis or tissue samples from umbilical cord after birth were collected for WGS. Pregnancy outcomes and postnatal MRI were recorded, and neurodevelopment of live-born infants was followed up for more than 24 months after delivery.Results:During the study period, 28 fetuses with abnormal SF were identified, with a gestational age of 21.3-30.0 (24.8±2.0) weeks. Abnormal SF presented in MCD ( n=15, 53.6%), chromosomal anomalies ( n=3, 10.7%) or single-gene genetic syndromes ( n=3, 10.7%) with the affected fetuses showing developmental delay, hydrocephalus or leukomalacia ( n=4, 14.2%), corpus callosal agenesis with large interhemispheric cysts ( n=1, 3.6%), benign subarachnoid space enlargement with arachnoid cysts ( n=1, 3.6%), and multiple malformations ( n=1, 3.6%). Among the 15 cases with MCD, the most common pathology was lissencephaly/pachygyria, followed by schizencephaly, severe microcephaly, hemimegalencephaly with paraventricular heterotopia, and polymicrogyria. Abnormal SF presented bilaterally in 23 fetuses and unilaterally in 5. All cases were categorized into six types depending on SF morphology in the transthalamic section: no plateau-like or a small insula, linear type, irregular corrugated SF, Z-shaped, and cyst occupying type. In addition to abnormal SF, associated anomalies or mild variations were identified in all fetuses. There were 17 cases underwent intrauterine MRI, and 13 cases underwent postnatal MRI examination.And 25 pregnancies were terminated; 3 were born alive, and 2 had typical syndromic changes with poor neurodevelopmental prognosis. A related pathogenic genetic variant was detected in 57.1% (16/28) fetus, and the incidence of single nucleotide variants(SNVs) was 42.9% (12/28), among which de novo SNVs accounted for 91.7% (11/12). Conclusions:Fetal abnormal SF could be classified based on the ultrasonographic features of transthalamic section. Fetal abnormal SF may indicate MCD, some chromosomal abnormalities or single-gene genetic syndromes that may lead to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, and may be affected by extra-cortical factors. It is suggested to carry out targeted prenatal genetic diagnosis for fetuses with abnormal SF.

Objective: To establish a three-dimensional coordinate system that can accurately measure the recurrence rate after orthognathic surgery, and evaluate and analyze the degree of recurrence. Methods : Data from patients who underwent orthognathic surgery in a hospital were selected to reconstruct three-dimensional images with spiral CT. The two researchers used the multiplane assisted positioning method to fix the points three times and screened them using intra-andintreclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Reproducible and accurate landmark points were drawn to establish different coordinate systems and calculate the facial asymmetry index (AI) to determine the coordinate system with the best mid-sagittal plane symmetry. This coordinate system and lateral radiographs were used to separately measure the recurrence rate, and evaluate and analyze the three-dimensional recurrence degree of orthognathic surgery. Results : Ten landmark points that may be repeatedly fixed were obtained, including N (nasion), K (K point), ANS(anterior nasal spine), PNS (posterior nasal spine), Ptm(pterygomaxillary fissure), Gn (gnathion), IZ(IZ point), MZ (MZ point), Ms (mastoideale), Cor (coronion) and and Go (gonion). Three coordinate systems were established, and the most suitable coordinate system was the upper edge point of the left infraorbital foramen. The inner upper edge of the right infraorbital foramen and both sides of the midpoint of the ear points constituted the horizontal plane (HP), which passed through the outermost point of the left zygomatic frontal suture and the outermost point of the right zygomatic frontal suture and was perpendicular to the horizontal plane to constitute the coronal plane (CP). It was perpendicular to the two planes to form a sagittal plane (SP). Two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurements of recurrence were performed on 112 patients, and new three-dimensional recurrence evaluation results were obtained. Less than 40% had low recurrence, 40% to 61% had moderate recurrence, and greater than 61% had high recurrence. Conclusion This study established a three-dimensional coordinate system suitable for measuring the recurrence rate after orthognathic surgery, obtained a new three-dimensional recurrence evaluation result, and provided a clinical experimental basis for evaluating the effect of orthognathic surgery and improving stability.

Objective:To investigate the common allergens in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong and provide the basis for preventing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.Methods:A total of 254 serum samples were collected retrospectively from children with allergic rhinitis and (or) asthma in the pediatric clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University or Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City from August 2019 to August 2020 and tested positive for at least one allergens by ImmunoCAP 1000 or skin prick test. There were 173 males and 81 females, with a median age (interquartile interval) of 7 (4.00, 9.75) years. Specific IgE against eighteen common allergen were tested by magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis using χ 2 test. Results:The positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (85.0%, 215/254) was the highest, followed by D. farinae (83.5%, 212/254), egg white (19.3%, 49/254), milk (14.6%, 37/254), German cockroach (14.2%, 36/254) and ox-eye daisy (12.6%, 32/254). Dust mites were the most common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis / allergic asthma / allergic rhinitis and asthma. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (95.4% vs. 91.7% vs. 71.0%, χ 2=23.257, P<0.001), D. farinae (95.4% vs. 90.6% vs. 67.7%, χ 2=26.916, P<0.001), mugwort (10.8% vs. 9.4% vs. 1.1%, χ 2=7.535, P=0.023), and ox-eye daisy (21.5% vs. 14.6% vs. 4.3%, χ 2=10.876, P=0.004) in allergic rhinitis combined with asthma group and allergic rhinitis group were significantly higher than those in allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (96.2% vs. 84.0% vs. 53.5%, χ 2=46.343, P<0.001), D. farinae (96.2% vs. 81.5% vs. 48.8%, χ 2=52.756, P<0.001) and German cockroach (17.7% vs. 14.8% vs. 2.3%, χ 2=6.313, P=0.043) in > 6 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3 years old group and > 3-6 years old group, while the sIgE positive rates of egg white (41.9% vs. 21.0% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=20.281, P<0.001) and milk (41.9% vs. 16.0% vs. 4.6%, χ 2=36.227, P<0.001) in ≤3 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3-6 years old group and > 6 years old group. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, mugwort and ox-eye daisy, cat dander and horse dander, ox-eye daisy and dandelion, egg white and milk, timothy grass and sesame ( r s≥0.511, P < 0.01). With the increase of the class of house dust mite allergen, the sIgE positive rates of mugwort (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=9.714, P=0.008), ox-eye daisy (0.0% vs. 4.4% vs. 19.6%, χ 2=16.195, P<0.001), cat dander (0.0% vs. 7.4% vs. 18.2%, χ 2=11.459, P=0.003) and horse dander (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 15.5%, χ 2=15.443, P < 0.001) increased significantly, while the sIgE positive rate of milk (29.0% vs. 16.2% vs. 10.1%, χ 2=8.792, P=0.012) decreased significantly. Conclusions:Dust mite is the main allergen in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong, and ox-eye daisy is the main pollen allergen. The sensitization patterns of allergens varied in different ages and diseases, and children with respiratory allergic diseases should regularly detect allergens and pay attention to avoid them.

Objective:To investigate the common allergens in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong and provide the basis for preventing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.Methods:A total of 254 serum samples were collected retrospectively from children with allergic rhinitis and (or) asthma in the pediatric clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University or Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City from August 2019 to August 2020 and tested positive for at least one allergens by ImmunoCAP 1000 or skin prick test. There were 173 males and 81 females, with a median age (interquartile interval) of 7 (4.00, 9.75) years. Specific IgE against eighteen common allergen were tested by magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis using χ 2 test. Results:The positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (85.0%, 215/254) was the highest, followed by D. farinae (83.5%, 212/254), egg white (19.3%, 49/254), milk (14.6%, 37/254), German cockroach (14.2%, 36/254) and ox-eye daisy (12.6%, 32/254). Dust mites were the most common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis / allergic asthma / allergic rhinitis and asthma. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (95.4% vs. 91.7% vs. 71.0%, χ 2=23.257, P<0.001), D. farinae (95.4% vs. 90.6% vs. 67.7%, χ 2=26.916, P<0.001), mugwort (10.8% vs. 9.4% vs. 1.1%, χ 2=7.535, P=0.023), and ox-eye daisy (21.5% vs. 14.6% vs. 4.3%, χ 2=10.876, P=0.004) in allergic rhinitis combined with asthma group and allergic rhinitis group were significantly higher than those in allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (96.2% vs. 84.0% vs. 53.5%, χ 2=46.343, P<0.001), D. farinae (96.2% vs. 81.5% vs. 48.8%, χ 2=52.756, P<0.001) and German cockroach (17.7% vs. 14.8% vs. 2.3%, χ 2=6.313, P=0.043) in > 6 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3 years old group and > 3-6 years old group, while the sIgE positive rates of egg white (41.9% vs. 21.0% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=20.281, P<0.001) and milk (41.9% vs. 16.0% vs. 4.6%, χ 2=36.227, P<0.001) in ≤3 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3-6 years old group and > 6 years old group. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, mugwort and ox-eye daisy, cat dander and horse dander, ox-eye daisy and dandelion, egg white and milk, timothy grass and sesame ( r s≥0.511, P < 0.01). With the increase of the class of house dust mite allergen, the sIgE positive rates of mugwort (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=9.714, P=0.008), ox-eye daisy (0.0% vs. 4.4% vs. 19.6%, χ 2=16.195, P<0.001), cat dander (0.0% vs. 7.4% vs. 18.2%, χ 2=11.459, P=0.003) and horse dander (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 15.5%, χ 2=15.443, P < 0.001) increased significantly, while the sIgE positive rate of milk (29.0% vs. 16.2% vs. 10.1%, χ 2=8.792, P=0.012) decreased significantly. Conclusions:Dust mite is the main allergen in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong, and ox-eye daisy is the main pollen allergen. The sensitization patterns of allergens varied in different ages and diseases, and children with respiratory allergic diseases should regularly detect allergens and pay attention to avoid them.

Objective:To investigate the effect of long non-coding (lnc) RNA HCP5 on the radiation sensitivity of glioma cells and underlying mechanism.Methods:The glioma cells U251 and U87 were irradiated with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy rays as different doses.si-Con, si-HCP5, pcDNA, and pcDNA-HCP5 were transfected into cells U251 and U87, recorded as si-con group, si-HCP5 group, pcDNA group, and pcDNA-HCP5 group.si-Con and si-HCP5 were transfected into cells U251 and U87, and then irradiated with 4 Gy rays, respectively, recorded as IR+ si-con group and IR+ si-HCP5 group, the cells only irradiated with 4 Gy rays were recorded as IR group.After si-HCP5 with anti-miR-con and anti-miR-508-3p was co-transfected into cell U251 and U87, respectively, irradiated with 4 Gy rays, recorded as IR+ si-HCP5+ anti-miR-con group and IR+ si-HCP5+ anti-miR-508-3p group, respectively, the transfection was performed by liposome method.RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-508-3p and HCP5.Cell clone formation assay was used to detect the radiosensitivity of glioma cells.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, dual luciferase Reporter gene detection experiments detects fluorescence activity.Results:HCP5 was highly expressed in radiation-treated glioma cells, and miR-508-3p was lowly expressed.After silenced HCP5, U251 and U87 cells had enhanced radiosensitivity and apoptotic rate((16.67±1.68) vs (3.58±0.62), t=21.929, P<0.05; (12.32±1.08) vs (4.48±0.71), t=18.198, P<0.05) was increased, and γ-H2AX( (0.45±0.04) vs (0.23±0.05), t=10.307, P<0.05; (0.38±0.04) vs (0.24±0.03), t=8.400, P<0.05), Cleaved caspase-3((0.37±0.04) vs (0.16±0.03), t=12.600, P<0.05; (0.38±0.04) vs (0.22±0.03), t=9.600, P<0.05) expressions were increased.Compared with silencing HCP5 or radiation treatment alone, silencing HCP5 and radiation treatment of U251 cells simultaneously, the apoptosis rate ((25.34±1.54) vs (16.67±1.68), t=11.413, P<0.05; (25.34±1.54) vs (11.13±1.06), t=22.802, P<0.05) was significantly increased, and γ-H2AX((0.69±0.05) vs (0.45±0.04), t=11.245, P<0.05; (0.69±0.05) vs (0.31±0.04), t=17.804, P<0.05), Cleaved caspase-3 ((0.52±0.06/0.37±0.04, t=6.240, P<0.05) (0.52±0.06/0.34±0.04, t=7.488, P<0.05) expressions were increased.The expressions of p-PI3K ((0.21±0.02) vs (0.52±0.04), t=20.795, P<0.05; (0.26±0.23 ), ( 0.67±0.07), t=5.116, P<0.05), p- AKT ((0.22±0.03) vs (0.66±0.07), t=17.332, P<0.05; (0.23±0.04) vs (0.71±0.03), t=28.800, P<0.05) in U251 and U87 cells were decreased.HCP5 can target the regulation of miR-508-3p expression; interfering with miR-508-3p reversed the effects of silent HCP5 and radiation on the radiation sensitization and apoptosis of U251 and U87 cells.It reduced the expression levels of reducing γ-H2AX and Cleaved caspase-3, while increased the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT. Conclusion:Silencing lncRNA HCP5 can enhance the radiation sensitivity of glioma cells and promote apoptosis.The mechanism may be related with the miR-508-3p and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which will provide new targets and new ideas for glioma treatment.

Objective: To investigate the effect of lncRNA GIHCG on the radiosensitivity of glioma cells and its mechanism. Methods: The expression levels of GIHCG and miR-146a-3p in human brain normal glial cells HEB and glioma cell lines U251, A172, SHG139 and U87 were quantitatively measured by qRT-PCR assay. U251 and SHG139 cells were used for subsequent experiment. After silencing the expression of GIHCG or overexpressing miR-146a-3p in U251 and SHG139 cells, cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, cell radiosensitivity was detected by colony formation assay and the expression levels of CDK1, CyclinD1, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were measured by Western blot. The bioinformatics software predicted the presence of a binding site for GIHCG and miR-146a-3p. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay and qRT-PCR assay were adopted to verify the targeting relationship between GIHCG and miR-146a-3p. Results: Compared with HEB cells, the expression of GIHCG was significantly up-regulated in glioma U87, U251, A172 and SHG139 cells (all P<0.05), whereas that of miR-146a-3p was remarkably down-regulated (P<0.05). Silencing GIHCG expression or overexpression of miR-146a-3p significantly decreased the U251 and SHG139 cell survival rate, survival fraction and the expression of CDK1, CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 proteins (all P<0.05), whereas considerably increased the apoptotic rate and expression of Bax protein (both P<0.05). GIHCG performed targeted negative regulation of miR-146a-3p expression in U251 and SHG139 cells and inhibition of miR-146a-3p expression reversed the effect of silencing GIHCG on proliferation, apoptosis and radiosensitivity of glioma cells. Conclusion Silencing GIHCG expression up-regulates the expression of miR-146a-3p, thereby enhancing the radiosensitivity of glioma cells.

Objective:Surgical site infection (SSI) can markedly prolong postoperative hospital stay, aggravate the burden on patients and society, even endanger the life of patients. This study aims to investigate the national incidence of SSI following abdominal surgery and to analyze the related risk factors in order to provide reference for the control and prevention of SSI following abdominal surgery.Methods:A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted. Clinical data of all the adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery in 68 hospitals across the country from June 1 to 30, 2020 were collected, including demographic characteristics, clinical parameters during the perioperative period, and the results of microbial culture of infected incisions. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI within postoperative 30 days, and the secondary outcomes were ICU stay, postoperative hospital stay, cost of hospitalization and the mortality within postoperative 30-day. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of SSI after abdominal surgery.Results:A total of 5560 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were included, and 163 cases (2.9%) developed SSI after surgery, including 98 cases (60.1%) with organ/space infections, 19 cases (11.7%) with deep incisional infections, and 46 cases (28.2%) with superficial incisional infections. The results from microbial culture showed that Escherichia coli was the main pathogen of SSI. Multivariate analysis revealed hypertension (OR=1.792, 95% CI: 1.194-2.687, P=0.005), small intestine as surgical site (OR=6.911, 95% CI: 1.846-25.878, P=0.004), surgical duration (OR=1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.003, P<0.001), and surgical incision grade (contaminated incision: OR=3.212, 95% CI: 1.495-6.903, P=0.003; Infection incision: OR=11.562, 95%CI: 3.777-35.391, P<0.001) were risk factors for SSI, while laparoscopic or robotic surgery (OR=0.564, 95%CI: 0.376-0.846, P=0.006) and increased preoperative albumin level (OR=0.920, 95%CI: 0.888-0.952, P<0.001) were protective factors for SSI. In addition, as compared to non-SSI patients, the SSI patients had significantly higher rate of ICU stay [26.4% (43/163) vs. 9.5% (514/5397), χ 2=54.999, P<0.001] and mortality within postoperative 30-day [1.84% (3/163) vs.0.01% (5/5397), χ 2=33.642, P<0.001], longer ICU stay (median: 0 vs. 0, U=518 414, P<0.001), postoperative hospital stay (median: 17 days vs. 7 days, U=656 386, P<0.001), and total duration of hospitalization (median: 25 days vs. 12 days, U=648 129, P<0.001), and higher hospitalization costs (median: 71 000 yuan vs. 39 000 yuan, U=557 966, P<0.001). Conclusions:The incidence of SSI after abdominal surgery is 2.9%. In order to reduce the incidence of postoperative SSI, hypoproteinemia should be corrected before surgery, laparoscopic or robotic surgery should be selected when feasible, and the operating time should be minimized. More attentions should be paid and nursing should be strengthened for those patients with hypertension, small bowel surgery and seriously contaminated incision during the perioperative period.