Objective To explore the inhibitory effects of lobaplatin and cisplatin and their regulation of apoptosis-related genes in ovarian cancer cells in nude mice.Methods SKOV3 cells were implanted into nude mice.In monotherapy treatment study,the nude mice bearing human SKOV3 cells were randomly divided into control,lobaplatin,and cisplatin groups,with 7 mice in each group.The mice in each group were received corresponding treatment.The volume of tumor and the weight of nude mice were measured three times per week,respectively.Tumor inhibitory rate was calculated.The protein expressions of bax and bcl-2 were detected by flow cytometry.Results The growth inhibitory rate was 47.2％ in lobaplatin group and 42.8％ in cisplatin group,without significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of bcl-2 was decreased but the bax was increased in lobaplatin and ciaplatin groups compared to the control group.Conclusions Lobaplatin can significantly inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells,induce apoptosis by down-regulation of bcl-2 and up-regulation of bax.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characters, surgical treatments and prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with laryngeal or tracheal invasion. METHOD: Forty-six cases including 33 papillary and 13 follicular were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-four cases with tracheal invasion received conservative resection (17), window resection (11) and sleeve resection (6). One case with subglottic invasion was performed subglottic partial laryngectomy. Eleven cases with trachea-laryngeal invasion received total laryngectomy(4), 3 shave technique and 4 preservative laryngectomy. RESULT Complications included infections and hypocalcaemia, 15 patients got permanent fistula. 5-year survival rate in cases of tracheal shave resection was 88.2%, while 63.6% in those of window resection and 83.3% in those of sleeve resection. Survival rate within 5 years of patients received preservative laryngectomy was 62. 5%. Conclusion: With meticulous preoperative examination and positive surgical treatment, both survival rate and quality of life could be improved in patients of DTC with laryngeal or tracheal invasion.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Laryngectomy ; Larynx ; pathology ; Larynx, Artificial ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Trachea ; pathology

Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV infection,syphilis and hepatitis C and related behavioral factors in female sex workers (FSWs) and other 6 risk populations in Tibet Autonomous Region.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 000 FSWs,200 men who have sex with men (MSM),200 drug users,1 200 male migrants,5 600 young students,as well as hospital patients and pregnant women in Lhasa,Qamdo,Nyingchi,Xigaze Shannan,Ali and Nagqum from June to December 2015.Face to face interviews were conducted to collect their demographic and behavioral information,and blood samples were collected for the tests of HIV,syphilis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies.The enumeration data were described by using rate and constituent.Results A total of 20 597 participants were involved in cross-sectional survey.The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 5.81％(124/2 133) and 0.05％ (1/2 133) respectively among FSWs.The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were the same (9.80％,10/102) among MSM.There were no HIV infection detected in among drug users,male migrants and young students,but the positive rates of syphilis antibody were 4.00％(4/100),0.33％ (4/1 297) and 0.08％ (4/5 095)respectively.The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 0.04％(2/5 565) and 1.64％(91/5565) among hospital patients.The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 0.11％(7/6 305)and 1.19％(75/6 305)among pregnant women.The positive rates of HCV antibody were 1.00％ (1/100)among drug users and less than 0.50％ in other risk populations.The overall consistent condom use rate was low.Conclusions In Tibet,HIV infection mainly occurred in the MSM,syphilis mainly occurred in FSWs and MSM,HCV infection mainly occurred in drug users.The AIDS related knowledge awareness rate was low in these risk populations,and less of them received intervention service.

Objective To explore the HIV epidemic and related factors among MSM in Jilin province.Methods During the implementation of sentinel surveillance program from 2010 to 2015,continuous cross-sectional studies were conducted to monitor the awareness of AIDS,sexual behavior,HIV and syphilis positive rates,with the sample size no less than 400 in each surveillance site.Results From 2010 to 2015,a total of 7 823 MSM were involved in this study.The overall HIV prevalence among MSM was 5.4％ (42/7 823),with an increasing trend during 2010 and 2015 (Trend testx2=110.023,P＜0.001).The rates of awareness on AIDS were higher than 90.0％.The proportion of consistent condom use was 27.0％ (2 112/7 823) in the last 6 months,and significant differences were found in these years (x 2=234.038,P＜0.001).Results from multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the HIV infection related risk factors among MSM in Jilin province would include:residency from other provinces (aOR=1.797,95％ CI:1.185-2.726),recruitment through internet (aOR=1.717,95％CI:1.332-2.215),diagnosed of having sexually transmitted diseases in the previous year (aOR=1.893,95％CI:1.356-2.643) and positive testing on syphilis (aOR=4.309,95％CI:3.097-5.995).And consistent condom uses in the last 6 months (aOR=0.387,95％CI:0.143-0.557),tested HIV in the last year (aOR=0.632,95％CI:0.375-0.891) were preventive factors.Conclusions HIV prevalence was increasing among MSM in Jilin province,but both the proportion of consistent condom use and the former HIV testing rate were at a low level.Aggressive measurement including consistent condom use and periodical HIV testing among MSM was warranted.

Objective To study the difference of clinical outcome between late preterm twins (LPT) and late preterm singletons (LPS),and the influence of assisted reproduction technology (ART) or natural conception on the clinical outcomes of LPT.Method The data of late preterm infants born in the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between January 2016 and January 2018 were retrospectively collected.Infants were assigned to LPT group or LPS group according to twins or singleton status.The differences of the demographic data,morbidity,oxygen therapy rate,respiratory support rate,mortality,hospitalization rate and hospitalization time between LPT and LPS were compared.In order to analyze the effects of different ways of conception on LPT,LPT was further divided into assisted reproduction technology (ART) subgroup and natural pregnancy subgroup.Result A total of 1 824 late preterm infants were included in the study,including 582 cases of LPT and 1 242 cases of LPS.The birth weight and body length of LPT were lower than those ofLPS [(2572±395)gvs.(2614±413)g,P＜0.05;(46.5±1.1)cm vs.(47.5 ± 1.0)cm,P ＜0.01],while the cesarean delivery rate of LPT was higher than that of LPS [90.7％ (528/582) vs.39.9％ (496/1 242),P ＜ 0.01].The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in LPT was higher than that of LPS [5.2％ (30/582) vs.3.6％ (45/1 242),P ＜ 0.05],and the length of hospitalization of LPT was also longer than that of LPS[(8.9 ±3.1)d vs.(7.2 ±2.9)d,P ＜0.01],the differences were statistically significant.There were no significant differences between groups in neonatal pneumonia,apnea,hypoglycemia,sepsis,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),grade Ⅲ ～ Ⅳ intracranial hemorrhage,severe asphyxia,bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD),oxygen therapy rate,respiratory support rate and mortality rate.There was also no significant difference between ART subgroup and natural pregnancy subgroup in gestational age,gender,cesarean section rate,birth weight,and birth length (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in RDS,pneumonia,apnea,hypoglycemia,sepsis,NEC,Ⅲ ～ Ⅳ intracranial hemorrhage,severe asphyxia,BPD,oxygen uptake rate,respiratory support rate,mortality rate and hospitalization time between the two subgroups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The birth weight and birth length of LPT are lower than those of LPS,and the incidence of RDS is higher.The hospitalization time of LPT is also longer than that of LPS.It is necessary to strengthen the high-risk management of twin pregnant women and post-natal management of LPT.

Objective To analyze the serological results and sexual behavior among different types of drug users (DUS) at the HIV sentinel surveillance sites.Methods Sentinel surveillance programs were conducted between April and June annually.DUS were those involved in custodies,living at the communities and those attending the methadone maintenance treatment clinics but with positive urine tests one month before blood sampling collected and questionnaire survey started.Results 116 279 drug abusers were included in the analysis.The prevalence rates of HIV,Syphilis and HCV among traditional drug(heroin,etc.)users were 5.0％,4.4％ and 49.4％,while the prevalence rates of new narcotic (meth,etc.) users were 0.5％,4.6％,15.2％,respectively.The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis among traditional drug uses were higher than the new narcotic users (P＜0.01).The proportion of sexual behavior in last month and the proportion of sexual behavior with casual and commercial sexual partners were 46.3％,87.2％ and 28.1％ among the new narcotic users,respectively,which were higher than those among traditional drug users (40.7％,82.8％ and 22.2％).The proportion of using condom in last sexual contact with casual sexual partner was 33.3％ among the new narcotic users which was less than traditional drug users (36.2％).The proportion of condom use in the last commercial sexual contact was 65.l％ which was higher than those traditional drug users (62.9％).The proportion of never using condom with casual and commercial sexual partners in the past year was 43.2％ and 19.0％ among the traditional drug users,which were higher than those among new narcotic users (41.3％,15.3％).Conclusion Compared with the traditional drug abusers,the sexual behavior of new narcotic users seemed more active,less engaging in condom use but with higher risk of HIV transmission through sexual contact.

Objective To analyze the implementation of intervention programs targeted on AIDS high risk sexual transmission groups since 2008,when the relative prevention and control information systems on HIV/AIDS were developed.Methods Data from both aggregated interventions and sentinel surveillance programs from 2008 to the end of 2014 were used.Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze the trends of implementation on high risk groups including men who have sex with men,female sex workers (FSW) and migrant workers.Results From 2008 to 2012,the monthly average numbers receiving intervention programs and the average monthly coverage rate on intervention for MSM,increased from 49000 to 252000,and from 8.6％ to 78.5％ respectively.The FSW related indicators increased from 329 000 to 625 000,and from 30.9％ to 87.0％ respectively.Above indexes on the two populations had dropped slightly in 2013 and 2014.Sentinel surveillance data showed that knowledge and behavior indicators observed from the MSM and FSW populations increased annually.The coverage of intervention programs on migrant workers increased from 4.7％ to almost 10.0％,but the surveillance data on migrant men showed that the knowledge and behavior indicators were still lower than the other high-risk groups.Conclusion Intervention related to sexual transmission on HIV/AIDS among high-risk populations were effectively implemented,with some achievements seen.However,as sexual contact currently became the main route of AIDS epidemic,new challenges called for serious attention.

Objective:To inhibit the Itch gene expression of T-lymphocytes and investigate the immune activity of T lymphocytes using ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD).Methods:T lymphocytes were separated by magnetic bead, and to establish an Itch gene targeted short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid. There were three groups in this study: ①experimental group, Itch-shRNA plasmid-SonoVue microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation; ②control group, negative control shRNA plasmid-SonoVue microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation; ③blank group, untreated. Forty-eight hours after UTMD transfection, transfection efficiency was detected and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, the expression of Itch protein was measured with Western blotting.Seventy-two hours after UTMD transfection, the secretion of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in the cell supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences between groups, and LSD- t test was used to compare the differences between groups. Results:The UTMD mediated shRNA transfection rate was 52.3%, and the relative expression levels of Itch protein in the experimental group, control group and blank group were 0.301±0.080, 0.773±0.101 and 0.719±0.090, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( F=24.441, P<0.01). The Itch gene expression can be effectively suppressed in the experimental group. Seventy-two hours after transfection, the concentrations of IL-2 in the experimental group, control group and blank group were (417.3±37.1)ng/L, (158.7±17.3)ng/L and (147.0±10.2)ng/L, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( F=118.701, P<0.001) and the concentrations of IFN-γ were (168.3±12.1)ng/L, (74.3±3.7)ng/L and (74.6±7.1)ng/L, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=126.833, P<0.001). The expression levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the blank group. Conclusions:UTMD mediated shRNA transfection can significantly decrease the expression of Itch and promote immune activity of T lymphocyte.

Objective To understand the trends on HIV and syphilis infections,as well as on risk behaviors and intervention among MSM in China from 2010 to 2013 so as to provide information for the development of intervention strategies for MSM. Methods Study population involved MSM who were recruited for the national HIV sentinel surveillance between 2010 and 2013. Demographic information,HIV related risk behaviors,and results on HIV and syphilis infections were described and trend analysis was performed. Results Between 2010 and 2013,the total number of MSM under survey was 149 848. As for sources of the studied population,12.3% of them were from public bathrooms (Group A),30.1% from internet (Group B),and 57.5% were others (Group C). Proportions of three groups were similar between 2010 and 2013. The proportion of always using condom in the last six months increased from 30.2%to 37.8%,from 34.7%to 42.9%and from 35.3%to 43.1%in group A,B or C( trend:P<0.01),from 2010 to 2013. The proportion of using condom in group A was the lowest among the three groups. The prevalence rate of HIV increased from 7.8%in 2010 to 9.2%in 2013 among group A,from 5.0%in 2010 to 6.8%in 2013 among group B,from 5.6%in 2010 to 6.5%in 2013 among group C(trend:P<0.01). The prevalence rate of syphilis decreased from 13.2% in 2010 to 9.5% in 2013 among group A,from 6.1% in 2010 to 5.7% in 2013 among group B,from 8.7% in 2010 to 6.2% in 2013 among group C (trend:P<0.01). In this MSM population,77.1%of them were at age 21-40,9.4%were at age 41-50 and 2.8%were older than 50 years of age. Both the prevalence rates of HIV and syphilis were the highest-10.1%and 13.6%,among age group of over 50s,respectively. Conclusion HIV prevalence among MSM increased rapidly in the last four years,especially in older age groups and from public bathrooms. More intervention efforts should be targeting on MSM with the above mentioned characters.

Objective: To monitor the antimicrobial resistance and drug-resistance genes of Yersinia enterocolitis, Y. intermedia and Y. frederiksenii recovered from retailed fresh poultry of 4 provinces of China. Methods: The susceptibility of 25 isolated Yersinia spp. to 14 classes and 25 kinds of antibiotics was determined by broth microdilution method according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). The antibiotic resistance genes were predicted with antibiotic resistance genes database (ARDB) using whole genome sequences of Yersinia spp. Results: In all 22 Y. enterocolitis tested, 63.7% (14 isolates), 22.8% (5 isolates), 4.6% and 4.6% of 1 isolates exhibited the resistance to cefoxitin, ampicillin-sulbactam, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, respectively. All the 25 isolates were multi-drug resistant to more than 3 antibiotics, while 64.0% of isolates were resistant to more than 4 antibiotics. A few Y. enterocolitis isolates of this study were intermediate to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. Most Yersinia spp. isolates contained antibiotic resistance genes mdtG, ksgA, bacA, blaA, rosAB and acrB, and 5 isolates recovered from fresh chicken also contained dfrA1, catB2 and ant3ia. Conclusion The multi-drug resistant Yersinia spp. isolated from retailed fresh poultry is very serious in the 4 provinces of China, and their contained many kinds of drug-resistance genes.