0.998 8).The minimum detection limit were 0.1～0.4 mg?L-1.The average recovery rates were no less than 96%(RSD≤7.19%).There were significant difference among the concentration of Ara-C and Ara-U in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and testicular tissue.Ara-C in plasma hadn't been determined in low-dose group and medium-dose group except for Ara-U.CONCLUSIONS: The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reproducible for plasma concentration monitoring and pharmacokinetic study of Ara-C and Ara-U.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extracting process of the total flavonoids from Herba Epimedii.METHODS: The extract technology of the total flavonoids from Herba Epimedii was optimized by orthogonal experiment with the yield of total flavonoids from Herba Epimedii as index and with the extraction temperature,extraction time,the ratio of solid to liquid and the concentration of ethanol as factors.RESULTS:The optimum extracting conditions for the total flavonoids from Herba Epimedii were as follows:the reflux extraction was conducted twice(1 hour/time) at 80 ℃ with 60% ethanol as solvent,and the ratio of solid to solution was 1∶10.CONCLUSION:The optimum extracting technology is simple and reasonable,and it serves as a good reference for the extracting process of the total flavonoids from Herba Epimedii.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum concentrations of Cystatin C (CysC) in children with kidney disease in different disease courses. Methods The serum concentrations of CysC, creatinine(Cr) and endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) were determined in 182 children with kidney disease. They were divided into five study groups:normal renal function group (73 cases), compensatory renal disfunction group (44 cases), non-compensatory renal disfunction group (35 cases), renal failure group(22 cases) and end stage of renal failure group(8 cases). Meanwhile 70 healthy children were involved in control group. Relationships among CysC, Cr and Ccr were calculated and the diagnostic efficiency was assessed by comparing the areas under the ROC curves. Results The serum concentrations of CysC increased in different courses of renal function impairment in children and were significantly related to the severity of impairment. CysC was positively correlated to Cr and negatively correlated to Ccr. The areas under the ROC curves of Cr and CysC were 0.764 and 0.725. Conclusions The serum concentrations of CysC can accurately identify different impairment grades of renal function and the function of glomerular filtration. As an indicator of early reduction of renal function, its sensitivities and specificities are superior to Cr and Ccr. CysC can be a sensitive endogenous marker for glomerular filtration rate determination. With simple, convenient and applicable assays methods, CysC is essential for early diagnosis of children kidney diseases.

Objective To investigate the clinic characteristics and treatment methods of coronary ectasia. Methods One hundred and fifty-four cases in Anzhen hospital during the last 10 years, whom with coronary aneurysm diagnosed by coronary artery angiogram and summarized the characteristics of symptom, sign, diagnosis and treatment. Results All patients were proved with coronary angiography. There were 112(72.7%)patients presenting angina, but with no specific manifestation in electrocardiogram, X-ray and echocardiogram.Thrombolysis in emergency were taken to 3 cases with acute myocardial infarction patients. One hundred and fifty-four cases were treated with aspirin or heparinizeation, and with nitroglycerin, Calcium channel blocker to dilate vessel. The followed up of 154 cases about 1-20 years, six cases were suffered with acute myocardial infarction. One of the 6 cases was reinfarction and one case was sudden death. Conclusions Angina is the main clinical manifestation and coronary angiography is the accurate diagnostic method. Long-term application with anticoagulant agent and vasodilator should be done to prevent coronary spasm and myocardial infarction. If acute myocardial infarction occurs, prompt thrombolysis should be used, if it is ineffective, coronary artery bypass grafting should be carried out.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the content of ciprofloxacin in ciprofloxacin lactate chitosan nasal drops by RP-HPLC.METHODS: The sample was separated on XTerra RP18 chromatographic column with 0.05 moL?L-1 citric acid-acetonitrile(80∶20) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1.The detective wavelength was set at 277 nm;The sensitivity was 2.000 AUFS;The column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃ and the sample size was 10 ?L.RESULTS: The linear ranges of ciprofloxacin lactate was 10～200 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) and its average recovery rate was 99.46%(RSD=1.13%).CONCLUSION: This method is rapid,accurate and suitable for the determination of the content of ciprofloxacin in ciprofloxacin lactate chitosan nasal drops.

Objective The present study was undertaken to examine the regulatory effect of endogeous sulfur dioxide (SO2) on interleukins in rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis.Methods Twenty Two male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham group (Control group),sham + SO2 donor (Na2SO3/NaHSO3,0.54 mmol/kg:0.18 mmol/kg) group (SO2 group),sepsis induced ALI group (sepsis group) and sepsis induced ALI with sulfur dioxide pretreatment group (sepsis + SO2 group).Index of quantitative assessment of histological lung injury (IQA),wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and the level of SO2 in plasma were measured.IL 6,IL 8,IL 10,MCP-1 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA.Results The IQA score and W/D ratio of lung tissues significantly increased in sepsis rats compared with control group (all P ＜ 0.01),but significantly decreased in sulfur dioxide pretreatment rats compared with in sepsis rats (all P ＜0.01).The level of SO2 in plasma decreased in sepsis rats (3.17 ± 3.44) μmol/L compared with control group (5.87 ± 1.96) μmol/L,but significantly increased in sulfur dioxide pretreatment rats (9.78 ± 3.26) μmol/L compared with in sepsis rats (P ＜0.01).The level of IL 6,IL 8,IL 10,MCP-1 and TNF-α significantly increased in sepsis rats [(87.08 ± 22.03) pg/mg,(79.82 ± 19.69) pg/mg,(66.38 ± 21.77) pg/mg,(157.58 ± 42.36) pg/mg and (65.04 ± 19.42) pg/mg,respectively] compared with control group [(47.41±9.64) pg/mg,(42.25±8.16) pg/mg,(31.96±4.63) pg/mg,(67.65±10.18) pg/mg and (33.83 ± 5.75) pg/mg] (all P ＜ 0.01).but the level of IL 6,IL 8,IL 10 significantly decreased in sulfur dioxide pretreatment rats [(66.01 ± 16.52) pg/mg,(61.52 ± 18.32) pg/mg and (45.61 ± 16.47) pg/mg,respectively] compared with sepsis group (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of MCP-1 significantly decreased in sulfur dioxide pretreatment rats (117.86 ± 34.20) pg/mgcompared with sepsis group (all P ＜0.01).The level of TNF-α decreased in sulfur dioxide pretreatment rats (61.49 ± 15.33 pg/mg) compared with sepsis group.Conclusions These results suggested that exogenous SO2 could inhibit the pulmonary tissue inflammatory response by inhibiting MCP-1 and TNF-α in rats with sepsis induced ALI.

Definite elements is the first step of systemic analysis. Quality of thesis was determined by a combination of three factors in non-substantial dimension: ability,attitude and system. They affect the quality of undergraduate thesis in health management through different mechanisms respectively,such as selection and externalization of ability,power,adaptation,adjustment and defense of attitude,guide and regulation of system.

Objective To investigate the characteristic changes of the metabolism products in auditory cortex (transverse temporal gyrus) in patients with OSAHS combined with nerve deafness using 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H - MRS) ,and to discovery the early warning indicator of nerve deafness in OSAHS .Methods PTA was performed in 95 patients with OSAHS (diagnosed by PSG) ,and 15 healthy control subjects ,the patients were classified into four groups :the group of OSAHS ;OSAHS with unilateral and bilateral deafness ,the normal control group .Cerebral metabolism was studied by assessing the ratios of nitro -acetyl aspartate contrast to choline (NAA/Cho) as well as to creatine (NAA/Cr) ,myo -inositol to creatine (mI/Cr) and choline to creatine (Cho/Cr) ratios in the auditory cortical separately in these groups .ROC curves were made for those metabolism markers to find the best diagnositic threshold .Results Significantly lower values of NAA/Cho ratio were found in patients'(OSAHS with deafness) auditory cortex compared with 15 age-matched control subjects (P<0 .05) and OSAHS without deafness (P<0 .05) .Auditory cortical NAA and NAA/Cho ratio in OSAHS with unilateral nerve sensorineual hearing were significantly lower than those of in normal control (P<0 .05) ,but there was no significant difference be-tween the abnormal and ontralateral normal auditory cortex by a self comparison .All of the metabolisms were tested by the curve of ROC .Conclusion Combined with the changes of metabolism ,and the curve of ROC ,NAA/Cho may be the early warning markers of sensorineual hearing was in OSAHS patients .

Objective: To summarize the different cardiac shunt presentation in right heart contrast echocardiography and to clarify its clinical value for diagnosing the patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 102 patients who received right heart contrast echocardiography in our hospital from 2006 to 2014. The contrast media was the hand-vibrated mixture of 9 ml 50% glucose solution with 1 ml air.
Results: There were 49/102 patients with abnormal blood shunt detected including 8 patients of atrial septal defect (ASD) with right to left or dual shunt, 7 of ASD with left to right shunt, 9 of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with functional right to left shunt, 13 of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) combining pulmonary arterial hypertension, 3 of pulmonary arteriovenous ifstula (PAVF), 9 patients with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) and 8 of them drain to coronary vein sinus, 1 drain to left atrium.
Conclusion: Right heart contrast echocardiography may simply and effectively detect abnormal blood shunt in patients combining pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve the diagnostic accuracy of CHD.

Objective To observe the effects of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule on the expressions of the main roles, Rock1 and Rock2, in RhoA/Rock signal transduction pathway in rats with myocardial infarction (MI);To explore the possible mechanism of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule to improve ventricular remodeling in myocardial fibrosis. Methods The MI model was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. Rats with MI were randomly divided into the model group, Fuzheng Huayu group and Fasudil hydrochloride group. A sham-operation group threading without ligation was setting as a control group, with eight rats in each group. The rats were treated with corresponding medicine for 4 weeks from the second day after modeling. The expression of Rock1, Rock2 and its mRNA were detected by immunohistochemical and real-time PCR method. Results The protein expression of Rock1 and Rock2 in model group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operation group (P<0.05). The protein expression of Rock1 and Rock2 in the Fuzheng Huayu group and Fasudil hydrochloride group were lower than those in the model group. The mRNA expression of Rock2 was significantly higher in the model group than that in the sham-operation group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of Rock1 in the Fasudil hydrochloride group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of Rock2 in the Fuzheng Huayu group and Fasudil hydrochloride group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion Fuzheng Huayu Capsule can decrease the expression of Rock1, Rock2 and Rock2 in the marginal zone of myocardial infarction in rats with MI. The anti ventricular remodeling mechanism of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule maybe related with this.