0.05). Conclusion: 100 g/L(NH 4) 2MoO 2F 4 solution may arres t root lesion progress as effectively as 380 g/L Ag(NH 4) 2F 4 solution and preferably to 20 g/L NaF solu tion.

BACKGROUND:Heterogeneous deproteinized bone because of wide source and its special biological characteristics maybe a good bone tissue engineering scaffold.Its immunogenicity and mechanical properties are different by different interventions.OBJECTIVE:To proof the preparation technology,immunological and mechanical properties of heterogeneous deproteinized bone.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A control observational experiment was performed in the Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy from February to October 2008.MATERIALS:Fresh femoral cancellous bones extracted from adult pigs,which were not including cartilages and cortical bones,were prepared into size of 3 cm?0.5 cm?0.5 cm.Their long axis direction was the same with orientation of trabeculae.The apparent pore densities of the used bones were almost same.METHODS:The bones were soaked in chloroform-carbinol(1:1) 24 hours for degrease.They were shaken and washed by distilled water at 50 ℃,and then put into 20% H2O2 for 24 hours.The procedure repeated three times.The bones were soaked in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours,and then dryed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The gross morphological and histological features of the deproteinized cancellous bones were observed.The contents of amino acid and their biomechanical properties were measured.RESULTS:The three-dimensional space structures of the deproteinized cancellous bones were not damage greatly,and they had a natural pore network system which composited of hydroxyapatite and collagen.The contents of collagen amino acids in the deproteinized cancellous bones had no obvious difference from fresh cancellous bones,but the wave crests of aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine and methionine were disappear.The elastic moduli of deproteinized cancellous bones were significantly higher than those of fresh cancellous bones(P

[Objective]To study the properties of xenogeneic deproteinized bone (DPB) used as scaffold in the bone tissue engineering and its application to the spinal fusion of the lumbar intertransverse process in a goat. [Methods]The deproteinized bone was derived from an adult pig femoral cancellous bone through physical and chemical treatments.The cell-material complex was observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope to evaluate the adhesion and the growth of the osteoblasts. The experimental model of the spinal fusion in the lumbar intertransverse process was produced in 24 male goats aged 6-8 months, which were divided into 3 groups according to different implant graft. All the samples were harvested at 4,8,12 weeks postoperatively, and a series of examinations were performed, including the radiography and the histomorphological assay.[Results]It showed that The DPB maintained natural pore network system, it hardly had any antigen, so it had good histocompatibility. In the spinal fusion model of lumbar intertransverse process,the cell-material complex could form cartilage and had a new bone formation in a multipoint way, the osteogenic process was almost the same as the auto-ilium osteogenesis and had a good mechanical strength.[Conclusion]The xenogeneic deproteinized bone is a good material in the bone tissue engineering, which can be used as an osteogenesis scaffold and provides a stable fusion.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in lung tissue of mice with acute paraquat poisoning, and discuss its pathological mechanism.Methods Fifty-eight healthy male mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 8) and poisoned group (n = 50). The mice in poisoned group were lavaged with 20% paraquat (50 mg/kg), and those in control group with equal amount of normal saline. The mice were sacrificed on the day of experiment in control group, and those in poisoned group at 6 hours and 1, 3, 7, 14 days after poisoning. The lung tissue was harvested to observe the changes in pathology of lung with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The positive expression of HO-1 was determined with immunohistochemistry, and the protein expression of HO-1 was determined with Western Blot. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were determined.Results The mice showed shortness of breath and signs of exhaustion 1 hour after poisoning, getting worse on 3-5 days, but returned to normal 14 days after poisoning. Under the light microscope, it showed that the control group had no significant pathological changes in lung tissue. One day after the ingestion, pulmonary alveolar structure disorder, obvious hemorrhage, edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells were found. At 3 days, the pathological changes in the lung tissue were more pronounced. They were less pronounced on 7 days, and inflammatory changes disappeared on 14th day, but alveolar structure disorder remained. Immunohistochemical test showed that HO-1 was seldom expressed in the lung tissue, and a little amount was expressed in the mucosal epithelial cells of the airway in control group. It was shown that inflammatory cell and endothelial were mainly distributed in the mucosal epithelial cells of airway 1 day after poisoning followed by a gradually decrease tendence, and came to normal level of control group 7 days after poisoning. It was shown by Western Blot that HO-1 (gray value) in lung tissue increased 6 hours after poisoning (2.438±0.467 vs. 0.475±0.167,P< 0.01), peaked at 1 day (9.200±0.940 vs. 0.475±0.167,P< 0.01), continued to increase till 7 days after poisoning, and it lowered to normal level thereafter (0.825±0.260 vs. 0.475±0.167,P> 0.05). The SOD activity (μU/L) in lung tissue was lowered 6 hours after poisoning, and it was significantly lower than that of control group (649.681±13.951 vs. 1 167.051±15.744,P< 0.01), and it continued to decrease up to 14 days after poisoning (859.733±121.079 vs. 1 167.051±14.744,P< 0.01). MDA content (μmol/L) in the lung tissue homogenate was elevated 6 hours after poisoning with significant difference compared with that of the control group (4.542±0.266 vs. 3.705±0.176,P< 0.01). It peaked on day 1 (5.956±0.281 vs. 3.705±0.176,P< 0.01), then it declined and reached normal level 3 days after poisoning (4.134±0.168 vs. 3.705±0.176,P> 0.05).Conclusion HO-1 expression was increased significantly in lung tissue of mice with acute paraquat poisoning, which may be considered as an important protection mechanism against paraquat poisoning.

Objective To study the method and effect of lateral arm free flap in reconstruction of severe atresic eye socket.Methods Forteen cases of severe atresic eye socket,from June,2011 to June,2013,were repaired by lateral arm free flap.The flaps were designed and harvested as drop shape with size about 6 cm × 10 cm and then were removed epidermis except distal 6 cm × 6 cm area which were transferred to orbit for eye socket reconstruction.The remaining fascia and dermis were filled to augment temporal defect.Superficial temporal artery was anastomosed with posterior branch of radial collateral artery in 14 cases and superficial temporal vein was anstomosed with radial collateral vein in 11 cases,with middle temporal vein in 3 cases.Results All 14 cases lateral arm free flaps survived with no donor site morbidity.Followed up for 1 year to 3 years,artificial eye could be fitted satisfactorily and temporal contour improved.Conclusion Lateral arm free flap is a recommendable option for severe atresic eye socket reconstruction because of concealed donor site scar,proper volume,matched vascular caliber and minor donor site morbidity.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and emergency managements of postrenal acute renal failure(ARV)induced by melamine in infant.Method Fluid therapy for urine alkalization and hydration,cistoscope drainage and peritoneal dialysis step by step were exerted in those who had both a history of certain milk intake and ARF according to the definition of pediatric ARF which developed by Pediatric Nephrology Assembly of Chinese Pediatric Association in 1994.Results Thirty-four postrenal ARF cases with anuria due to melamine in Nanjing Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were involved in the study.Seventy cases(50%)re-ceived fluid therapy only.Nine cases(26.5%)received fluid thempy and eistoscope drainagemand 4 cases (11.8%)received fluid therapy and cistoscope drainage and peritoneal dialysis.Four cases(11.8%)received ur-gent peritoneal dialysis due to severe hyperkalemia.All cases(100%)survived.The urine pH at the first day.the second day,and after the second day in those who just pass away urine were 6.1±1.0、6.5±0.7.5.3±0.4,respectively(F=4.563,P=0.026).Conclusions Fluid therapy for urine alkalization and hydration and stop sequential thempy are effective in infant with postrenal ARF induced by melamine.

Objective To determine the molecular characteristics of predominant Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A strains prevalent in Hangzhou area from 2002 to 2008.Methods Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) were applied for typing as well as analysis of the molecular characteristics of 31 S.typhi isolates and 404 S.paratyphi A isolates from Hangzhou area during 2002 to 2008.Results The 404 S.paratyphi A isolates could be divided into six PFGE types (P1-P6).99.0％ of the S.paratyphi A isolates (400/404) belonged to the same one clone family (P1 and P2 types),in which P1 strains occupied 93.3％ (373/400) of the isolates.The 31 S.typhi isolates displayed a high diversity,which could be classified into 14 PFGE types,28 MLVA types with 90.3％ resolving power and 3 MLST types.The S.typhi strains prevalent in Hangzhou area were similar to those in Southeast Asia but different from those in Europe.The variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) sites with high polymorphism,TR1,TR2 and Sal02,could be used to the markers for diagnosis of S.typhi isolates in the area.The MLST types of 31 S.typhi isolates included all the three types currently found in the world but the ST2 type of S.typhi strains was predominant (23/31,74.2％).Conclusion The paratyphoid A prevalence in Hangzhou area in the recent years is caused by infection of the same clone family of S.paratyphi A whereas the S.typhi strains prevalent in the area display a high diversity.

Objective To establish a long-term surviving model of ventilator induced lung injury ( VILI) in piglets with large tidal volume ventilation. Methods A total of 21 piglets were randomly( random number) divided into trial experiment group (group A,n =9), injury group ( group B,n =6) and control group ( group C, n = 6). Each piglet was intubated orotracheally and intravascular cannulae were inserted both into carotid artery and external jugular vein. The tidal volume in 60 - 80 ml/kg was given to rats of group A and 50 ml/kg to rats of group B, and free breath to rats of group C. Vital signs, pneumatic mechanics, blood-gas analysis and hemodynamics were monitored every hour ( group A and group B from just after the model established 0 h, group C from 0 ～6 h). The t test or ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. Left lung tissue was sent to biopsy after experiment. Results About 6 hours after mechanical ventilation with large tidal volume, PaO2/FiO2 lower significantly both in A and B group in comparison with control group (P ＜0.05 ) and histological changes hit the ALl criteria. Piglets ventilated with 50 ml/kg of tidal volume could survive for long-term. Conclusions The model of VILI in piglets made with 50 ml/kg of tidal volume ventilation was established successfully and survived for long-term.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a newly identified non-coding RNA subfamily with various regulatory functions.Recent evidence has shown the fundamental role of long noncoding RNAs in affecting the development of diseases at different levels,from gene modification,transcriptional regulation to protein transla tion.The study on lncRNA has made great progress in the studies of genomic imprinting,cancer diseases and neurodegenerative disorders,while the research relevant to autoimmune diseases has just staaed recently,However,many lncRNAs have been identified to involve in immune cells proliferation,differentiation and maturation,acting as the key regulators in immune homeostasis and autoimmune diseases.This review is focused on the advances of lncRNA in immune cells and autoimmune diseases.

Objective To understand the training effect and discuss psychiatric nurse specialists training′s influence on the core competence and scientific research ability by investigating the working status of psychiatric nurse specialists with the Chinese Nursing Association certification, and in order to improve the quality of the psychiatric nurse specialists training experience. Methods 100 nurses who participated in the Chinese Nursing Association psychiatric nurse specialists training from 2010 to 2014 were chosen by random number table method. Surveyed with their core competence and scientific research ability after training to understand their working status. Results Eighty-eight valid questionnaires were recovered. Scores in core competence of nurses after training were 2.78 ± 0.55, which in the medium level;education background was the main influencing factor of core competence (t=-2.891, P<0.01). Average scientific research ability scores were 1.74 ± 0.88, which was in low level;education background and title were main influencing factors of scientific research ability (t=-3.310, F=5.922, P<0.01). After training, 62.5%(55/88) psychiatric specialist nurses undertook clinical and nursing work the night shift. 82.9%(73/88) of specialist nurse after back to the unit to undertake the teaching work. 52.2% (46/88) psychiatric specialist nurses carried out the scientific research work, and a total of 33 articles published. 79.5%(70/88) of specialist nurses thought hospital for junior nurses more seriously, 35.2% (31/88) of psychiatric specialist nurses′ units carried out the follow-up training. 6.8% (6/88) of hospital tilted in wages reward about nurse specialist, 18.2% (16/88) of hospital tilted in the cut about nurse specialist. Conclusions After training,psychiatric nurses play an important role in clinical care, research, teaching and other work, but their core competencies and research capabilities should to be improved by the further training of the hospital. Although the hospital attaches great importance to specialist nurses, but in the wage awards and title do not tilt.