0.05). Conclusion: 100 g/L(NH 4) 2MoO 2F 4 solution may arres t root lesion progress as effectively as 380 g/L Ag(NH 4) 2F 4 solution and preferably to 20 g/L NaF solu tion.

BACKGROUND:Heterogeneous deproteinized bone because of wide source and its special biological characteristics maybe a good bone tissue engineering scaffold.Its immunogenicity and mechanical properties are different by different interventions.OBJECTIVE:To proof the preparation technology,immunological and mechanical properties of heterogeneous deproteinized bone.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A control observational experiment was performed in the Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy from February to October 2008.MATERIALS:Fresh femoral cancellous bones extracted from adult pigs,which were not including cartilages and cortical bones,were prepared into size of 3 cm?0.5 cm?0.5 cm.Their long axis direction was the same with orientation of trabeculae.The apparent pore densities of the used bones were almost same.METHODS:The bones were soaked in chloroform-carbinol(1:1) 24 hours for degrease.They were shaken and washed by distilled water at 50 ℃,and then put into 20% H2O2 for 24 hours.The procedure repeated three times.The bones were soaked in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours,and then dryed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The gross morphological and histological features of the deproteinized cancellous bones were observed.The contents of amino acid and their biomechanical properties were measured.RESULTS:The three-dimensional space structures of the deproteinized cancellous bones were not damage greatly,and they had a natural pore network system which composited of hydroxyapatite and collagen.The contents of collagen amino acids in the deproteinized cancellous bones had no obvious difference from fresh cancellous bones,but the wave crests of aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine and methionine were disappear.The elastic moduli of deproteinized cancellous bones were significantly higher than those of fresh cancellous bones(P

[Objective]To study the properties of xenogeneic deproteinized bone (DPB) used as scaffold in the bone tissue engineering and its application to the spinal fusion of the lumbar intertransverse process in a goat. [Methods]The deproteinized bone was derived from an adult pig femoral cancellous bone through physical and chemical treatments.The cell-material complex was observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope to evaluate the adhesion and the growth of the osteoblasts. The experimental model of the spinal fusion in the lumbar intertransverse process was produced in 24 male goats aged 6-8 months, which were divided into 3 groups according to different implant graft. All the samples were harvested at 4,8,12 weeks postoperatively, and a series of examinations were performed, including the radiography and the histomorphological assay.[Results]It showed that The DPB maintained natural pore network system, it hardly had any antigen, so it had good histocompatibility. In the spinal fusion model of lumbar intertransverse process,the cell-material complex could form cartilage and had a new bone formation in a multipoint way, the osteogenic process was almost the same as the auto-ilium osteogenesis and had a good mechanical strength.[Conclusion]The xenogeneic deproteinized bone is a good material in the bone tissue engineering, which can be used as an osteogenesis scaffold and provides a stable fusion.

Objective To study the method and effect of lateral arm free flap in reconstruction of severe atresic eye socket.Methods Forteen cases of severe atresic eye socket,from June,2011 to June,2013,were repaired by lateral arm free flap.The flaps were designed and harvested as drop shape with size about 6 cm × 10 cm and then were removed epidermis except distal 6 cm × 6 cm area which were transferred to orbit for eye socket reconstruction.The remaining fascia and dermis were filled to augment temporal defect.Superficial temporal artery was anastomosed with posterior branch of radial collateral artery in 14 cases and superficial temporal vein was anstomosed with radial collateral vein in 11 cases,with middle temporal vein in 3 cases.Results All 14 cases lateral arm free flaps survived with no donor site morbidity.Followed up for 1 year to 3 years,artificial eye could be fitted satisfactorily and temporal contour improved.Conclusion Lateral arm free flap is a recommendable option for severe atresic eye socket reconstruction because of concealed donor site scar,proper volume,matched vascular caliber and minor donor site morbidity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in lung tissue of mice with acute paraquat poisoning, and discuss its pathological mechanism.Methods Fifty-eight healthy male mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 8) and poisoned group (n = 50). The mice in poisoned group were lavaged with 20% paraquat (50 mg/kg), and those in control group with equal amount of normal saline. The mice were sacrificed on the day of experiment in control group, and those in poisoned group at 6 hours and 1, 3, 7, 14 days after poisoning. The lung tissue was harvested to observe the changes in pathology of lung with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The positive expression of HO-1 was determined with immunohistochemistry, and the protein expression of HO-1 was determined with Western Blot. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were determined.Results The mice showed shortness of breath and signs of exhaustion 1 hour after poisoning, getting worse on 3-5 days, but returned to normal 14 days after poisoning. Under the light microscope, it showed that the control group had no significant pathological changes in lung tissue. One day after the ingestion, pulmonary alveolar structure disorder, obvious hemorrhage, edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells were found. At 3 days, the pathological changes in the lung tissue were more pronounced. They were less pronounced on 7 days, and inflammatory changes disappeared on 14th day, but alveolar structure disorder remained. Immunohistochemical test showed that HO-1 was seldom expressed in the lung tissue, and a little amount was expressed in the mucosal epithelial cells of the airway in control group. It was shown that inflammatory cell and endothelial were mainly distributed in the mucosal epithelial cells of airway 1 day after poisoning followed by a gradually decrease tendence, and came to normal level of control group 7 days after poisoning. It was shown by Western Blot that HO-1 (gray value) in lung tissue increased 6 hours after poisoning (2.438±0.467 vs. 0.475±0.167,P< 0.01), peaked at 1 day (9.200±0.940 vs. 0.475±0.167,P< 0.01), continued to increase till 7 days after poisoning, and it lowered to normal level thereafter (0.825±0.260 vs. 0.475±0.167,P> 0.05). The SOD activity (μU/L) in lung tissue was lowered 6 hours after poisoning, and it was significantly lower than that of control group (649.681±13.951 vs. 1 167.051±15.744,P< 0.01), and it continued to decrease up to 14 days after poisoning (859.733±121.079 vs. 1 167.051±14.744,P< 0.01). MDA content (μmol/L) in the lung tissue homogenate was elevated 6 hours after poisoning with significant difference compared with that of the control group (4.542±0.266 vs. 3.705±0.176,P< 0.01). It peaked on day 1 (5.956±0.281 vs. 3.705±0.176,P< 0.01), then it declined and reached normal level 3 days after poisoning (4.134±0.168 vs. 3.705±0.176,P> 0.05).Conclusion HO-1 expression was increased significantly in lung tissue of mice with acute paraquat poisoning, which may be considered as an important protection mechanism against paraquat poisoning.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and emergency managements of postrenal acute renal failure(ARV)induced by melamine in infant.Method Fluid therapy for urine alkalization and hydration,cistoscope drainage and peritoneal dialysis step by step were exerted in those who had both a history of certain milk intake and ARF according to the definition of pediatric ARF which developed by Pediatric Nephrology Assembly of Chinese Pediatric Association in 1994.Results Thirty-four postrenal ARF cases with anuria due to melamine in Nanjing Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were involved in the study.Seventy cases(50%)re-ceived fluid therapy only.Nine cases(26.5%)received fluid thempy and eistoscope drainagemand 4 cases (11.8%)received fluid therapy and cistoscope drainage and peritoneal dialysis.Four cases(11.8%)received ur-gent peritoneal dialysis due to severe hyperkalemia.All cases(100%)survived.The urine pH at the first day.the second day,and after the second day in those who just pass away urine were 6.1±1.0、6.5±0.7.5.3±0.4,respectively(F=4.563,P=0.026).Conclusions Fluid therapy for urine alkalization and hydration and stop sequential thempy are effective in infant with postrenal ARF induced by melamine.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ICRU reference point dose and dosevolume parameters of organs at risk (OARs) under different bladder and rectal filling status in threedimensional conformal brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.Methods A total of 31 patients who received magnetic resonance imaging-guided three-dimensional conformal brachytherapy for cervical cancer in 96 fractions were enrolled.The ICRU rectal and bladder reference points were determined in the treatment planning system,and the doses at these points were recorded and compared with the dose-volume parameters of the rectum and bladder.The paired t-test was used to analyze the differences between them.Results Bladder DICRU was lower than bladder D0.1cm3 and D1 cm3 (P=0.000 and 0.000),higher than bladder D5 cm3 and D10cm3 (P=0.000 and 0.000),and similar to bladder D2 cm3 (P=0.345).Under the bladder filling status,bladder DICRU was lower than D2cm3.Rectal DICRU was lower than rectal D0.1 cm3 and D1cm3 (P =0.000 and 0.002),higher than rectal D5 cm3 and D 10 cm3 (P =0.000 and 0.000),and similar to rectal D2cm3 (P=0.058).The ICRU bladder and rectal reference point doses were positively correlated with corresponding D2 cm3.In the case of bladder volume ≥ 200 cm3,the ICRU bladder reference point dose underestimated bladder D2 cm3.In the case of rectal volume ≥ 37 cm3,the ICRU rectal reference point dose overestimated rectal D2 cm3.Conclusions In three-dimensional conformal brachytherapy,it is generally safe to use D2 cm3 as an index to evaluate OARs,but when the bladder or rectum is in an empty status,the ICRU bladder or rectal reference point doses should be considered.

Objective To summarize experiences in treatment of traumatic aortic rupture. Methods Between July 2001 and December 2008, 17 patients with acute traumatic aortic rupture were treated in our department. One patient died of hemorrhagic shock one hour after admission before opera-tion. Nine patients underwent thoracotomy under general anesthesia with double lumen endotracheal tube and normothermic femoral-femoral partial cardiopulmonary bypass, with bypass time for 35-139 minutes and aortic clamping time for 25-87 minutes. Successful operation was performed in seven patients inclu-ding one treated with simple repair and the other six with partial replacement of thoracic aorta with artifi-cial vascular graft. The other seven patients underwent endovascular repair and received stent grafts at the site of thoracic injury via right lilac-femoral artery under general or local anesthesia. Results One pa-tient free from operation was died of hemorrhagic shock. Of nine patients treated with thoracotomy, two patients died of hemorrhagic shock during operation and the other seven survived, with operation time ran-ging from 100 to 180 minutes. Seven survivors were followed-up for 2-6 years, with no death during fol-low-up period. Seven patients in endovascular repair group recovered, wiht operation time ranging from 50 to 70 minutes. All these seven patients were followed up for 3-14 months, which showed no death. Reex-amined CT in six patients showed no mediastinal hematoma or leakage of contrast medium from the aorta isthmus at 2-5 months after operation. Conclusions Endovascular repair is simple, safe and effective for traumatic aortic rupture. The selection of thoracotomy and endovascular repair is based on following conditions: the combined injuries of patients, the equipments of hospital and the skills of operators.

Objective To study the correlation between the risk factors of coronary slow flow phenomenon ( CSF) and the level of plasma D-dimer in patients with ACS ( acute coronary syndrome) after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) .Methods A total of 297 patients with ACS after PCI were enrolled for retrospective analysis.All patients were divided into CSF group and control group in the light of corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count method (cTFC).Multivariate analysis for evaluating clinical predictors of CSF was carried out using Logistic regression test and Pearson analysis to find the correlation between plasma D-dimer and cTFC.The predictive value of D-dimer level in the occurrence of coronary slow flow was determined by using receiver operating characteristic ( POC) curve analysis.Results CSF was observed in 59 cases (19.8%).The plasma D-dimer was significantly higher in the coronary slow flow group compared with the control group ( P <0.05 ) .Multivariate regression analysis and Logistic regression test showed that the level of plasma D-dimer ( OR =1.276, 95%CI:1.132-3.224, P=0.012), thrombus score (OR =1.108, 95%CI: 1.085-2.103, P =0.018) and target lesion length of culprit vessel ( OR =1.436, 95%CI: 0.635-1.382, P =0.037 ) were the risk factors of CSF.Correlation analysis showed that plasma D-dimer were positively associated with CSF. Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve analysis showed that D-dimer cutoff point at 515.3 ng/ml had a good judgment significance ( AUC 0.783, OR =1.502, 95%CI: 1.324-2.531, P =0.005). Conclusions The increased D-dimer level is a risk factor and plays an important role in the ACS patients with the CSF phenomenon, thereby predicting no-reflow phenomenon after primary PCI in these patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of two different revascularization approaches,one via percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) and the other via coronary artery bypass graft (CABG),on short-and long-term prognosis in elderly patients with diabetes and multi-vessel coronary artery disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 254 elderly patients with diabetes and multi-vessel coronary artery disease.Based on the revascularization approach,patients were divided into the PCI group (n=93) and the CABG group (n =161).The incidence of major cardiovascular events (MACE) were observed during hospitalization and 1-year after follow-up.Results All-cause mortality and the incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction were higher in the CABG group than in the PCI group during hospitalization [4.9％ (8 cases) vs.1.1％ (1 cases),5.6％ (9 cases) vs.2.2％ (2 cases),each P＜0.05],while there was no significant difference in the incidence of MACE between the two groups1-year after follow-up (P＞ 0.05).The incidence of cerebrovascular events was lower in the PCI group than in the CABG group [2.2 ％ (2 cases) vs.6.2％ (10 cases),P＜0.05],while the rate of revascularization was higher in thePCI group than in the CABG group [6.5％ (6 cases) vs.1.9％ (3 cases),P＜0.05].Cox regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR =1.65,95％ CI:1.013-1.926,P =0.024) and left ventricular ejection fraction (OR =1.30,95 ％ CI:1.018-1.652,P =0.027) were independent risk factors for revascularization and cerebrovascular events.Conclusions MACEs during hospitalization are fewer in elderly patients with diabetes and multi-vessel coronary artery heart disease who received PCI than in those who received CABG.PCI has a similar mid-and long-term effect as CABG,bur PCI has a higher revascularization rate and lower risk of MACEs than CABG.