BACKGROUND: Previous studies have proved platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with osteoinduction ability, and the centrifugal speed and time to prepare rabbit advanced PRF (A-PRF) with the most similar structure to that of human PRF have been determined.OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes during A-PRF-induced osteogenesis.METHODS: Thirty Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into A-PRF and blank control groups (n=15 per group).The full-thickness defect models were established on the rabbit parietal bone, followed by implanted with A-PRF or nothing, respectively. The model rabbits were killed immediately, at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, to grossly observe the bone formation, and the histological changes in the defect region were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Unhealed defects were observed in the blank control group. Gross and histological observations showed that the speed, amount and maturity of bone formation in the A-PRF group were significantly better than those in the blank control group immediately, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that the rabbit skull bone defect is successfully established. A-PRF can induce osteogenesis, and more mature newly born bones appear with time. Additionally, osteoclasts can act with osteoblasts synergically under the A-PRF induction to promote the bone formation.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum concentrations of Cystatin C (CysC) in children with kidney disease in different disease courses. Methods The serum concentrations of CysC, creatinine(Cr) and endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) were determined in 182 children with kidney disease. They were divided into five study groups:normal renal function group (73 cases), compensatory renal disfunction group (44 cases), non-compensatory renal disfunction group (35 cases), renal failure group(22 cases) and end stage of renal failure group(8 cases). Meanwhile 70 healthy children were involved in control group. Relationships among CysC, Cr and Ccr were calculated and the diagnostic efficiency was assessed by comparing the areas under the ROC curves. Results The serum concentrations of CysC increased in different courses of renal function impairment in children and were significantly related to the severity of impairment. CysC was positively correlated to Cr and negatively correlated to Ccr. The areas under the ROC curves of Cr and CysC were 0.764 and 0.725. Conclusions The serum concentrations of CysC can accurately identify different impairment grades of renal function and the function of glomerular filtration. As an indicator of early reduction of renal function, its sensitivities and specificities are superior to Cr and Ccr. CysC can be a sensitive endogenous marker for glomerular filtration rate determination. With simple, convenient and applicable assays methods, CysC is essential for early diagnosis of children kidney diseases.

Objective To investigate the significance of haman epididymis protein 4(HE4)as a tumor marker combined with CA125 in diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods Serum levels of HE4 and CA125 were examined by ELISA and electrochemiluminescence method in 31 patients with ovarian cancer,68 patients with benign pelvic masses(36 benign ovarian tumor,23 ovarian chocolate cyst and 9 pelvic abscess were included) and 40 normal women as controls.Results Serum levels of HE4 and CA125 in ovarian carcinoma group were significantly higher than those in the benign pelvic masses group and healthy women group(P<0.01), and the difference of these levels between benign pelvic masses and normal ones have no statistical meaning(P>0.05).The sensitivity and the specificity of HFA were 74.2% and 95.0% respectively,of CA125,were 80.6% and 87.5%.respectively,and if the two markers combined,were 93.5% and 82.5%.Conclusions HFA is an ideal tumor marker and it has certain values in accessory diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer.The clinical value call be improved by combined detection of HE4 and CA125.

Objective To explore the relationship between human papilloma virus (HPV) infected population and disease occur‐rence in order to provide evidence and some reasonable suggestions for people understanding this disease .Methods A total of 2 508 suspected patients in our hospital from August 2012 to August 2013 were performed the HPV subtype detection by using PCR‐re‐verse dot blot(RDB) ,including 18 kinds of high risk HPV subtypes(HPV16 ,18 ,31 ,33 ,35 ,39 ,45 ,51 ,52 ,53 ,56 ,58 ,59 ,66 ,68 ,73 , 83 ,MM4) and 5 kinds of low risk HPV subtypes (HPV6 ,11 ,42 ,43 ,44) .Finally ,the patients condition was tracked through the hospital information management system and the clinical laboratory information systems .Results The HPV detection rate was 12 .26% ,in which the high risk type was mainly HPV 52 ,accounting for 12 .66% ,followed by HPV 58 ,16 .The low risk types were mainly HPV 43 ,6 ,11 ,accounting for 14 .61% ,10 .39% and 8 .44% respectively .By the follow up observation of clinical outcomes , the homotype positive phenomena were repeatedly appeared in the patients infected by HPV 52 ,16 within 2 years .At the same time ,the thinprep cytologist test(TCT) results in 157 cases of high risk HPV infection (genotype 52 ,58 ,16 ,18 ,66 ,33 ,56 ,68) were performed the tracking analysis ,indicating that high risk HPV infection was closely associated with cervical intraepithelial ne‐oplasia (CIN)Ⅰ ,CIN Ⅱ and canceration .Meanwhile ,their leucorrhea routine detection were followed up ,which manifested by mild to moderate inflammation .Conclusion High risk HPV subtype infection is closely associated with CIN Ⅰ ,CIN Ⅱ and canceration , while the leucorrhea routine shows mild ,moderate inflammation .Therefore ,only conducting the simple leucorrhea routine analysis can not really reflect the infection status ,it is necessary to look for the ways to cooperate with the superior hospital for timely detec‐ting HPV infection situation ,moreover regular follow up of people with HPV positive is the effective pathway to prevent CIN and cervical cancer .

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mouth gag which can inserted into lavage tube during gastric lavage. Methods The Sixty- six cases of acute poisoning patients with gastric lavage according to random number table method were randomly divided into two groups, 33 cases in each group. Observation group used the inserted mouth gag, and the control group used the metal ones. Results The observation group were lower than the control group at the time required to insert the lavage tube [(2.23±0.19)s to (3.26±0.30)s] and the incidence of complication rate [18.2%(6/33) to 45.5%(15/33)], the oral cavity bleeding [6.0%(2/33) to 30.3%(10/33)], lavage tube displacement [0(0/33)to 24.2%(8/33)], lavage tube twisting[0(0/33) to 24.2%(8/33)], the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), while higher in the rate of successful intubation[100.0%(33/33)] to [54.5%(18/33)], the difference was statistically significant, χ2=19.4,P<0.01. Conclusions The application of the mouth gag which can insert into gastric lavage improved the successful intubation rate, saved the rescue time, reduced the complication and improved the nursing quality.

Objective:To establish the specific chromatogram of Fufang Shexiang injection and simultaneously determine five com-ponents( menthol,borneol,patchouli alcohol,muscone,α-asarone) in the injection by GC. Methods:The sample solution was extracted by a solid-phase extraction method. The separation was performed on a DB-WAX GC capillary column with an FID detection. Results:The specific chromatogram had six common peaks, and the similarity was above 0. 91. The five chemical components(menthol,borne-ol,patchouli alcohol,muscone,α-asarone) were well separated and with good linear relationship, the recoveries were between 95. 1 and 102. 6%, and RSD was less than 3. 0%. Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible. The specific chromatogram combined with multi-component determination can reflect the overall quality of Fufang Shexiang injection, which can be used for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective:To study the bioactivity of thymosin ?16 (T?16) in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Recombinant His-SUMO-T?16 was constructed and transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) for induced expression.The product was treated by ultrasonication,ion-exchange chromatography and metal chelation chromatography respectively for purification.The fusion protein was cut by His-SUMO protease and then further purified by metal chelation chromatography and Superdex 30 gel chromatography.Results:Recombinant fusion protein His-SUMO-T?16 was soluble,whose specific activity was 5.3?105 U/mg.It could promote the proliferation of BALB/c 3T3 cells,rabbit corneal cells,and chicken embryo chorion vessels in vitro,and both the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells in vitro were enhanced,and rabbit skin healing of alkali burns in vivo was accelerated.Conclusion:E.coli expressing vector of recombinant His-SUMO-T?16 fusion protein is constructed successfully,and recombinant protein T?16 has significant repairing effects.The study established a good foundation for further industrialization of T?16.

Objective To investigate the impact of functional enhancement of efflux pump system and reduced permeability of outer membrane on high-level multiple resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Methods Several high-level multiple resistant isolates with erythromycin MIC=128.0 mg/L,accompanied by concurrent resistance to several antimicrobial agents,were selected.13 bp inverted sequence positioned within the mtrR promoter region were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced to detect the possible gene change.The outer membrane proteins of the strains were extracted to analyze the constitutive profiles by SDS-PAGE.Results There were no gene mutations in 5 sensitive strains.All the 3 high-level multiple resistant strains contained the same mutation and exhibited a single A/T base pair deletion in 13 bp inverted sequence positioned within the mtrR promoter region.Meanwhile porin protein 31 ku deficiency was found in all the 3 resistant strains.Conclusion The functional enhancement of efflux pump system induced by a single A/T base pair deletion in 13 bp inverted sequence positioned within the mtrR promoter region and the decreased cell envelope permeability induced by the absence of porin protein may have some effect on mediating high-level multiple resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Objective To explore the pancreatic kininogenase enteric-coated tablets in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and its effect on the optic disc and macula retinal hemodynamics. Methods 86 cases (140 eyes) of DR patients were randomly divided into pancreatic kininogenase group and normal group with 43 cases in each group, two groups were treated with basic therapy, pancreatic kininogenase group were combined with pancreatic kininogenase treatment. The best corrected visual acuity and the clinical effect of optic disc and macula retinal hemodynamic changes were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in pancreatic kininogenase group was greater than the normal group (P<0.05), the retinal neovascularization and fluorescein leakage area in pancreatic kininogenase group was less than the normal group (P<0.05). The disc vascular and macular retinal blood flow volume (VOL), blood flow velocity (FLW)values in pancreatic kininogenase group were larger than those of normal group, and the clinical curative effect of pancreatic kininogenase group was better than that of normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pancreatic kininogenase enteric-coated tablets in the treatment of DR patients can improve the optic disc and macular retinal hemodynamic parameters, improve visual acuity and reduce the retinal neovascularization and fluorescein leakage area, so as to improve the clinical treatment effect.

Objective To understand the clinic usage of TCM decoction pieces in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University (hereinafter referred to as our hospital).Methods By using Microsoft Office Excel software, the medicine doses, classification of functions and clinic application of the TCM decoction pieces, which were among the top 50 most frequently used TCM decoction pieces were analyzed.Results In 2014, 60% of the top 50 most frequently used TCM decoction pieces in our hospital exceed the medicine dosage inChinese Pharmacopoeia. According to the functions, the top 3 TCM decoction pieces were medicine for reinforcing deficiency, clearing heat and promoting qi, respectively. Medicine for reinforcing deficiency was mainly used in gastroenteropathy, menopathy and nephropathy. Medicine for clearing heat was mainly used in gastroenteropathy, menopathy and infection of the upper respiratory tract. Medicine for promoting qi was mainly used in gastroenteropathy, tumor and disease of cardiovascular system.Conclusion TCM decoction pieces in our hospital exceed the medicine dosage in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which requires attention. The top 3 TCM decoction pieces are respectively medicine for reinforcing deficiency, clearing heat and promoting qi, whose clinic applications are basically rational.