Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of cordyceps sinesis (CS) and reduced glutathione on experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods After NAFLD rats were induced by high-fat diet and were treated by CS and reduced glutathione. The histopathologic changes of livers were evaluated. The levels of TG and FFA in serum and liver were measured. The levels of SOD and ATP in liver were measured too. Results (1)In the development of NAFLD, extensive adipose degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis, local fibrous tissue hyperplasia were found in the liver. The increase of TG, FFA in the serum and liver and decrease of SOD and ATP in the liver were seen. (2)In CS treated group, adipose degeneration had been alleviated with slightly inflammatory cells infiltration and no necrosis or fibrosis had been found. The concentrations of TG and FFA were decreased in the serum and liver, but SOD and ATP increased. (3)In glutathione treated group, adipose degeneration of liver and inflammatory cells infiltration remained obviously with focus or punctiform necrosis, but without fibrosis. The increase of SOD in liver was distinguished. No changes of TG, FFA, UCP-2 and ATP had been detected. Conclusion Both CS and reduced glutathione have therapeutic effects on NAFLD, by preventing the generation of liver fibrosis. CS has a better therapeutic effects on metabolic disturbance or accumulation of lipid and energy metabolic imbalance of liver cells.

A mAb T2-2 was generated using hybridoma techniques, and its target was identified as a 46 ku-cytokeratin (CK), based on biochemical study and a completely overlapped binding pattern of mAb T2-2 with anti-pan-CKs antibodies. An epithelia-specificity of the mAb T2-2 was determined by screening 68 human normal and 65 tumor tissues using immunohistochemistry. Unlike most of anti-CKs antibodies, the mAb T2-2 recognized a mono-specific epitope only expressed on the 46 ku CK, suggesting that mAb T2-2 is superior to most anti-CKs antibodies that cross-reacted with many different kinds of CKs. In addition, it was found that the mAb T2-2 was multipurpose with a broad applicability to ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and was also compatible with various fixation reagents. These results strongly indicate that the mAb T2-2 has potential applications for studying CKs function and for diagnosis of tumor and other disorders.

Objective: To investigate the antitumor activities and apoptosis mechanisms of 3,7-dinitrodibenzobromonium salt (cBr) on human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell line in vitro. Methods: The antitumor activities of cbr were tested by Trypanblau exclusion test, MTF coloretric assay and clonal forming test, and the mechanisms were studied by morphological analysis (microscopy, fluoreseencemicroscopy, electron microscopy) and flow cytometry analysis. Resuits: cBr could inhibit of the proliferation K562 cells and kill them significantly. The effects varied with different time and doses, and IC50 of cell colony forming rate was 0. 497 mmoL/L. Apoptosis rate tested by flow cytometry was 70.34%,and apoptotic characteristics could be found by microscopy and electron microscopy. Conclusion: cBr could inhibit K562 cell proliferation greatly, and could induce K562 cells into apoptosis.

Objective To research the expression of the estrogen receptor alpha ( Erα) and estrogen receptor beta ( Erβ) in uvea tissues of the female rats, and to provide molecular biology data for further studies of the relation estrogen to uvea diseases. Methods Twenty-two adolescent SD female rats were selected. All rats were killed by dislocation of cervical vertebra, the eyeballs were in paraffin imbedding and made to a series of sections, using immunohistochemical method;Erα and Erβ distribution were investigated in uvea tissue of rats;and quantitied by Tanaka scores analytical method. The uteri of rats was used as positive control and PBS as negative control. The level of estradiol in serum of the rats were examined by radioimmunoassay. Results The expression level of Erβ was moderate or highter in stroma cell, anterior pigment epithelium as well as pasterior pigment epithelium of the iris, unpigmented epithelium, pigmented ciliary epithelium and vascular endocemet of the choroid layers. But Erα was not obviously expressed in uvea tissues. The expression rate of Erβ was higher than Erα in these tissues(P＜0.05). Immnoreactivity positive substance was granule, which was distributed in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus. The level of estradiol in serum of the rats was (22.13±3.54)ng/L.Conclusion The expression of either Erα or Erβ in uvea tissues of rats is mainly in Erβ. The results indicate that uvea tissue is regulated directly by estrogen throught Erβ.

ScanningElectronMicroscopy/EnergyDispersionSpectrum(SEM/EDS),ElectronProbe Microanalysis ( EPMA ) and Optical Microscopy ( OM ) are the traditional methods for inclusion type identifying at present. The disadvantages such as inconvenient sample preprocessing, low sensitivity and time consuming limited their application. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ( LIBS) is not only performing in bulk analysis field but also in elemental distribution and depth profile information field, so it causes great concern in material science. In this paper, 34CrNiMo6 steel and heavy railway steel samples were analyzed by LIBS in scanning mode to characterize the inclusion type. For 34CrNiMo6 steel, 2D intensity distribution and channel combination revealed the spectra line intensity of Mn and S were abnormal high simultaneously at some region, which indicated there were some MnS inclusion existed in these samples. And for heavy railway steel, 2D distribution and channel combination revealed the spectra line intensity of Si, Ca, Mg and Al were abnormal high simultaneously at some region, showed the existence of Si-Al-Ca-Mg inclusion in these samples. The SEM/EDS analysis result of above-mentioned samples showed agreed well with LIBS.

Objective To investigate the situation of urine albumin measurement of clinical laboratory in Tianjin.Methods Control materials from patient mixed urine samples were made to validate precision in the clinical laboratories in Tianjin.Reference Material ERM-DA470K was prepared as the first external quality assessment ( EQA) sample, and the bias between laboratories was calculated.Then we give some advice about the methods of routine maintenance, calibration, standardized operation, internal quality assessment and so on to the laboratories which were not qualified in the first EQA.Then the second EQA was carried out and CV and bias were culculated.Results 52 clinical laboratories has 12 series of instruments and 17 series of reagents.The precision research showed that most laboratories ( 93.55%) had good precision for urine albumin measurement, while CV of inter-laboratory was great:the range of low level of control sample was 8.91 -43.95 mg/L, 34.46% for CV; and the high level was 36.32 -281 mg/L, 28.51% for CV.Only 36.5% laboratories were qualified in the first EQA. The qualified rate for nephelometry and turbidimetry was higher (55.6%, 42.9%).The qualified rate of trueness verification was 58.6%in the second EQA, and the CV between laboratories was significantly decreased, Inter-laboratory CV of the five samples were:19.83%, 13.57%, 13.41%, 13.08%, 11.37%. The qudified rate for nephelomety and turbidimetry was 71.4% and 56.3%.Conclusions There are a mide variety of measurement systems of urine albumin in Tianjin, and the CV between these systems is great.Clinical laboratory should strengthen the laboratory standardization operation and upgrade calibration testing to improve the testing consistency.

Objective To study the local anatomic structure of subclavian vein and have a good command of operating methods and skills on subclavian vein catheterization (SVC) so as to improve the success rate of puncture. Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 600 cases of hospitalized patients who have had SVC (male 410, female 190) in our hospital from March 2010 to March 2014. Results There were 582 cases (97%) of successful puncture,including 546 cases (91%) of one-time puncture success,38 cases (6. 3%) of repeated puncture or other types of puncture,and 16 cases (2. 7%) of failed puncture. Postoperative complications occurred in 22 patients (3. 7%),including 8 cases (1. 3%) of strayed into the artery,3 cases (0. 5%) of pneumothorax,5 cases (0. 8%) of catheter tip into the internal jugular vein,2 cases (0. 3%) of catheter related infection,2 cases (0. 3%) of catheter blockage,and 2 cases (0. 3%) of arrhythmia. Conclusion SVC is easy,safe and reliable,and it is of high success rate and less complications. Catheter retention time of SVC is longer. From the above,SVC is a good central venous puncture method which is worth of popularizing in clinical use.

Objective To explore the difference between care needs of the elderly and nursing ability of caregivers in pension institutions in Changchun,so that nursing quality can be improved by taking measures from multi-aspects,and needs of the aged can be met.Methods Totals of 405 aged people and 104 nursing staff in Changchun were selected by convenient sampling and investigated by self-made questionnaires. In the questionnaire designed for the elderly,Cronbach′s α coefficient in various dimensions were between 0.838-0.916,while in that for the nursing staff,Cronbach′s α coefficient were between 0.769-0.825.Results In pension institutions,care need of the elderly on daily life was lower than the ability of caregivers (Z=77.148, P<0.05),while needs of the elderly on rehabilitation nursing and psychological nursing were higher than the ability of caregivers (Z=66.525,137.627;P<0.05). Differences between needs of the elderly and ability of the caregivers on disease nursing and emergency nursing were not statistically significant (t=2.175,0.666;P>0.05).Conclusions Needs of the elderly in pension institutions are relatively higher, while the ability of the nursing staff is relatively lower,so various measures should be taken by pension institutions to improve the nursing standard,like strengthening professional training of caregivers,focusing on training about psychological nursing and rehabilitation nursing, and consolidating training on disease nursing,emergency nursing,and daily life nursing.

Objective To meta-analyze the effect of mirror therapy on the lower limb motor function and ac-tivities of daily living of stroke survivors so as to evaluate its clinical efficacy. Methods Medline, PubMed, OT seeker, the Cochrane library, the Wanfang database, the VIP database and the CNKI were searched for reports of randomized and controlled trials (RCTs) of the effect of mirror therapy on the lower limb motor function and activities of daily living of stroke survivors published between December 2008 and December 2018. Strict inclusion and exclu-sion criteria were applied, and the quality of the documents was comprehensively assessed according to version 5.1.0 of the Cochrane manual. The results were analyzed using version 5.2 of the RevMan software suite. Results Four-teen trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that mirror therapy had been shown to improve the patients'scores of Fugl-Meyer assessment ( FMA ), functional ambulance category ( FAC ) and modified Barthel index ( MBI ). Conclusion Mirror therapy can improve the motor function of the affected lower extremities of stroke survivors and their ability in the activities of daily living.

AIM: To study the relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) and spontaneous brain bleeding. METHODS: The IgG and IgM antibody titers to Cpn in peripheral blood from 9 patients of spontaneous brain bleeding were detected by microimmunofluorescence antibody technique (MIF). The Cpn DNA of arteries in brain bleeding region from these cases was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Cpn major outer membrane protein (MOMP) expression of arteries in brain bleeding region from these cases were tested by Western blot. RESULTS: All the geometric average titer to IgG antibody (190 3?3 2) and the positive rate of IgG antibody (85 2%) and IgM antibody (30 8%) were significantly higher in spontaneous brain bleeding patients than those (48 1?2 0, 48 1% and 4 8%) in control ( P