Objective To explore the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH ) in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) .Methods Totally 57 patients with IgAN were randomly assigned to two groups :the control group[(treatment with angio‐tensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) plus statins and oral anticoagulant ];the observa‐tion group(treatment of the same as the control group but instead LMWH for oral anticoagulant ) .All patients were treated for 6 months .24 h urinary protein excretion ,serum creatinine ,prothrombin time(PT ) ,thrombin time(T T ) and activated partial thrombo‐plastin time(APTT) were measured before treatment and at 1 ,3 ,6 months after treatment respectively .The level of urinary trans‐forming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1 ) and laminin(LN) were assayed with the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) .Results Compared with the control group ,24 h urinary protein excretion ,urinary TGF‐β1 and LN levels in the observation group were all decreased at 1 ,3 ,6 months after treatment (P<0 .05) .After 6‐month treatment ,serum Scr level in the observation group(syub‐group) was decreased significantly compared with the control group (subgroup)(P<0 .05) .There were no significant differences in PT ,TT and APTT before and after treatment between the two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The combination therapy with LM‐WH can further decrease proteinuria and ameliorate the renal function of IgAN .

Objective To investigate the abnormality of electrocardiography (ECG) of patients with neoplasms after different chemotherapy. Methods The abnormality of ECG data in 632 patients with neoplasms after different chemotherapy in our hospital was analyzed. Results The changes of ST-T was found in 352 cases (55.70 %), arrhythmia in 197 cases (31.2 %), low QRS in 91 cases (14.4 %), cardiac infarction in 2 cases (0.32 %). Conclusion Different chemotherapy can induce abnormality of ECG, especially combined with anthracycline. Pay attention to potential cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutics and do regular examination of ECG is very important.

The authors analyzed current situation of teachers and students' law consciousness and proposed that we should well know the rights and obligations of the doctor and patient and improve the quality of case history.

We conducted Chinese-English bilingual education on clinical study of medical students and also discussed related problems.Chinese-English bilingual education has very good results in improving professional English study of medical students.

Objective To analyze optimal amount of drinking water,ways of drinking water,timelimit of drinking water on the effect of bowel preparation for intravenous pyelography (IVP) examination after oral administration of 50% magnesium sulfate 60 ml. Methods 200 patients who gave their consentfrom June 2009 to February 2010 drank 50% magnesium sulfate 60 ml for IVP check were divided into four groups. Group A: a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h; Group B: a small amount of oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h;Group C: a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 2000 ml within 1h; Group D: a medium amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 2 h. And then the bowel preparation effect of the four gro ups were analyzed. Results Through the comparison, group A was much better than the other groups on the aspects of cathartic satisfaction, the effective degree of reading films and flatulence. Conclusions To take a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h can improve cathartic satisfaction,the effective degree of reading films and flatulence.

Objective To control the nosocomial infection and avoid the second pollution of thereclaimed medical apparatus to the washing area of supply room. Methods Count, classification and place of the reclaimed medical apparatus went along at the same self-designed categorizing pedestal of the muhi-function apparatus.No absorbing cloth was needed on the table-board, the dirty water flew into the outfall of the sewer directly and automatically, the discreteness could be unpicked, washed and lis-terized after work. Results It avoided the collision of the apparatuses, shortened the time of counting effectively and reduced the chance of pollution.It also avoided the waste of the manpower, the material resources, the time and the second environmental pollution. The effects of the two table-boards after disinfection had statistical difference (P＜0.01). Conclusions The categorizing pedestal of the mul-ti-function apparatus makes the reclaim and handling of the polluted apparatus more standard and to re-move the pollution more thoroughly.

Humans ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; Staining and Labeling

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of duodenal-type follicular lymphoma. Methods: Four cases of duodenal-type follicular lymphoma diagnosed at Guangdong General Hospital from 2014 to 2015 with detailed clinical data were included. The histomorphology, immunophenotype, treatment and prognoses were analyzed. Results: The patients′ age ranged from 51 to 57 years (mean 54 years), and there were 2 males and 2 females. The involved sites were gastric fundus in one case, second portion of the duodenum in two cases and terminal ileum in one case. All patients presented with multiple mucosal granules or nodules at endoscopy. Microscopically, there were multiple mucosal neoplastic follicles, constituting grade 1-2 disease based on nodal follicular lymphoma grading system. The tumor cells were positive for CD20, CD10, bcl-6 and bcl-2. CD21 highlighted the follicular dendritic meshwork mainly at the periphery of the follicles. Proliferation index was low. Three patients received rituximab monotherapy for 4 cycles, leading to complete remission. One patient refused therapy and the disease progressed to systemic lymphoma 15 months after the initial diagnosis. Conclusions Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma is a special variant of follicular lymphoma with indolent clinical course. The tumor exhibits morphology of low grade follicular lymphoma with characteristic dendritic meshwork at the periphery of the follicles and a low proliferation index. Prognosis is excellent. Rituximab monotherapy is treatment of choice, but a small minority of patients may progress to systemic disease.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of βF1 and T cell receptor (TCR)γ in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia(T-LBL/ALL), and investigate the clinicopathological features. Methods: Fifty-one cases of T-LBL/ALL were collected at Guangdong General Hospital from 2010 to 2016, the expression of βF1 and TCRγ was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: There were 13 cases of children and adolescents, and 38 cases of adults. The expression rates of βF1 and TCRγ were 27.5%(14/51) and 15.7%(8/51) respectively. The proportion of adults in αβ T-LBL/ALL, TCR-silent T-LBL/ALL and γδ T-LBL/ALL was 7/14, 79.3%(23/29)and 8/8 respectively, and the difference was significant (P=0.023). There was no statistical difference in sex, LDH, bone marrow involvement and Ann arbor stage among these three groups(P>0.05). γδ T-LBL/ALLs included 6 cases of CD4^-/CD8^- phenotype, whereas αβ T-LBL/ALL included 7 cases of CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ phenotype. There was significant difference in CD4/CD8 expression among these three groups(P<0.01). Conclusions γδ T-LBL/ALL occurred only in adults, with predominantly CD4^-/CD8^- phenotype. αβ T-LBL/ALL occurred more common in children and adolescents, with predominantly CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ phenotype.