Objective Recent studies show that, tesaglitazar can reduce vascular plaque lipid deposition and inflammatory response in mice.This paper aims to investigate the effects of tesaglitazar, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ( PPARα/γ) agonist on serum lipid, serum nitric oxide ( NO) and heart type inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) mRNA expression in diabetic mice. Methods Thirty female 3-week-old clean grade mice were fed with ordinary adaptive diet for 7 days.The diabetic mouse model was established by feeding these mice with high-glucose-high-fat diet for four weeks and then taking small doses of streptozotocin( STZ) .These mice were randomly divided into two groups by means of ran-dom number table:control group and tesaglitazar group.Control group continued to be fed with high-glucose-high-fat diet, whereas te-saglitazar group was administered with tesaglitazar orally( high-glucose-high-fat fodder mixed with 20μg/kg tesaglitazar) .After 6 weeks′administration, body weight, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipo-protein cholesterol(HDL-C) and blood glucose(Glu) levels were measured.Serum NO content were detected with nitrate reductase method, and the expression of iNOS mRNA in heart were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group[(3.62 ± 0.45)、(2.58 ±0.34)、(1.35 ±0.26)、(19.55 ±3.40) mmol/L], serum levels of TC、TG、LDL-C and Glu in tesaglitazar group [(2.93 ±0.38)、(1.87 ±0.41)、(1.07 ±0.30)、(14.33 ±2.08)mmol/L] were significantly decreased, difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).However, the levels of HDL-C were increased obviously campared with the control group[(1.32 ±0.21) mmol/L vs (1.05 ±0.24)mmol/L, P<0.01];The serum NO content in control group were significantly higher than that in tesaglita-zar group[(75.60 ±8.06)μmol/L vs (41.35 ±5.82)μmol/L] , difference was statistically significant(P<0.01); The ralative quantitative expression of iNOS mRNA in treatment group was significantly lower than that in control group[(0.435 ±0.064) vs (0.568 ±0.067)], difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion Tesaglitazar can reduce the production of NO by means of inhibit excessive expressions of iNOS mRNA in diabetic mice.It can also improve the levels of serum lipid, and can delay the progression of atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic treatment for severe acute biliary pancreatitis (SABP). Methods A total of 36 patients with SABP, who received emergency operation were enrolled into this study. Among the patients, 16 received endoscopic naso-biliary drainage (ENBD) because of acute cholecystitis or cholecystolithiasis; 11 underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and ENBD due to stenotic papillitis or choledocholithiasis; 4 were treated with EST using needle knife and ENBD due to difficulties in inserting bow knife and cannula catheter into the common bile duct; and 2 experienced the guide wire entering into the wirsung’s duct for over 3 times, when the cannula catheter was inserted into the common bile duct. Thus, the sphincter of Oddi was incised by bow knife to expose the opening of the cystic duct, and then ENBD was performed. Open surgery was performed in 3 cases because of failure of ENBD. In all the patients, systemic medical treatment was carried out after the operations.Results ENBD was completed in 33 cases, among which 29 (81%) patients were cured and 4 (11%) patients died. The operation failed in 3 cases. After the operation, 3 patients developed peripancreatic infection. No hemorrhage of the duodenum papilla, duodenal perforation, or cholangitis occurred in this series. The mean hospital stay was 22 d (15-75 d). 26 of the cured patients were followed up for 12-36 months (mean, 18 months), no recurrence of the symptoms of pancreatitis was found. Conclusions Endoscopic treatment combined with systemic medical therapy may reduce the course of disease and increase the cure rate for patients with SABP.

Objective To investigate and analyze the clinical effect of shoulder joint impingement syndrome treated with shoulder arthroscopy combined with drugs.MethodsFrom January 2015 to December 2016, 20 patients suffering from impingement syndrome in People's Hospital of Fenghua District were selected as the subjects in this study.Randomly selected patients were divided into the control group and the experimental group two groups, each group of patients were 10 cases.The control group in patients with arthroscopic exploration plus subacromial decompression molding, experimental group was given drug treatment on the basis of the control group, before the end of surgery in patients with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and Compound Betamethasone Injection.The therapeutic effects of the experimental group and the control group were compared.ResultsAfter the corresponding treatment, there were no complications in the experimental group and the control group.The VAS scores, shoulder abduction and external rotation angles of the experimental group and the control group were significantly higher than those of the control group, with statistical difference (P<0.05).After treatment, the VAS score of the experimental group was (1.7±0.3) points, the external rotation angle was (36.5±13.5) degrees, and the shoulder abduction was (110.5±3.7) degrees.The score of VAS in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and there was a statistical difference (P<0.05).ConclusionThe clinical effect of arthroscopic subacromial impingement syndrome combined with drug treatment, can effectively relieve the pain of the patients, improve the patient's shoulder to a certain extent, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

Objective To investigate the brain protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning on the rat liver against ischemia-reperfusion through determining the content of S-100β protein in peripheral blood in combination with mitochondrial ultrastructure in rat brain.Methods A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,sham group (group S):the only separation of the hepatoduodenal ligament,but did not block the hepatic portal blood supply; ischemia-reperfusion group (group I/R):liver ischemia 60min,reperfusion 120 min; isoflurane preconditioning group (group ISO):60 min before liver I/R,ISO pretreatment for 30 min,elution in the air after 30 min; 24 h after recirculation the forebrain tissues were rapidly removed.The changes of mitochondrial ultrastructure were observed by electron microscopy.The content of S-100β protein in serum was measured before ischemia and reperfusion 120 min through the application of Elisa kit.Results Marked swelling of mitochondria with disrupted cristae and damaged matrix were observed in group I/R,while relative intact mitochondria were seen in sham and ISO groups.The content of S-100β protein in serum was significantly higher in I/R group [(1.52 ±0.26) μg/ml] than in sham [(0.31 ±0.05)μg/ml] and ISO [(0.79 ± 0.21) μg/ml] groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The liver ischemia-reperfusion may injure the brain of the rat and isoflurane preconditioning can protect the rat brain from injury.

Objective To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ)agonist troglitazone(TGZ)on leukemic Raji cells and its mechanisms.Methods Raji cells in culture medium in vitro were given different concentrations of TGZ(0～60 μmol/L)for 24,48 and 72 h.The inhibitory rates of the cells were measured by MTT assay,cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry(FCM),agarose gel electrophoresis was used to observe the DNA ladder,and western blotting was used to analyzed the variation of apoptosis related proteins bcl-2,Bax and Survivin.Results TGZ(over 20 μmol/L)could inhibit the growth of Raji cells and cause apoptosis remarkably,the suppression was both in time-and dose-dependent manner.DNA ladder was observed after the cells treated by TGZ for 72 h,and western blotting analysis revealed that anti-apoptotie proteins Survivin and bcl-2 were decreased remarkably while pro-apoptotic protein Bax increased significantly after the cells were treated by TGZ for 48 h.Conclusion PPARγ agonist TGZ can inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis on Raji cells significantly,downregnlating the expression of Survivin and bcl-2 as well as upregulating of Bax expression of Raji cells may be one of its most important mechanisms.

With the wide application of contrast media in modem medicine,contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has attracted more clinical attention.Renal ischemia and renal tubular toxicity have been considered to be the pathogenesis of CIN.The most promising biomarkers,except for serum creatinine,include neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL),cystatin C (Cys C),kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1),urine N-acetyl beta-D amino glucosidase (NAG) and micro molecular RNA (microRNA).Before use of contrast media for angiography,both the patient's own risk factors and the contrast-associated risk factors should be carefully evaluated.The patient's own risk factors include basic renal function,diabetes,anemia,homocysteine,etc.The contrast-associated risk factors include the osmotic pressure,viscosity,dosage,application frequency of the used contrast agent,etc.At present,hydration therapy is still the main method for CIN,and other therapeutic methods include medication,such as statins,vasodilators,antioxidants,traditional Chinese medicine,etc.,and blood purification therapy.This paper aims to make a brief summary about the research progress in CIN,focusing on its diagnosis,pathogenesis,risk factors and preventive measures.

Objective To investigate the characteristic of the B-mode ultrasonography and the color Doppler flow imaging diagnosis for intraocular cysticercosis.Methods Eleven eyes of 1 1 patients diagnosed of intraocular cysticercosis clinically and confirmed by operation and pathology were retrospectively studied. Their B-mode ultrasonography and color Doppler flow imaging were analyzed.Surgery diagosis was also reviewed.Results Among 1 1 eyes of 1 1 patients,intravitreal cysticercus presented in 7 cases (7 eyes),and 4 cases (4 eyes)diagnosed of subretinal cysticercus.Intraocular cysticercosis showed a round or oval vesicle-like echogenic mass in the vitreous body or under the retina,and the high-level echo spot in it was the scolex. Some dot and stripe echo and retinal detachment also appeared in the vitreous cavity with vitreous inflammation.The blood flow signal was detected in retinal detachment with color Doppler flow imaging. Conclusions Ultrasonography is extremely useful in the diagnosis of intraocular cysticercosis and the findings can be pathognomonic.

Objective To investigate the effects of anti-adhesion treatment and high-strength suture technique on the treatment of extensor tendon rupture by animal experiments and clinical application.Methods Twenty-eight leg-born chickens were randomly divided into four groups(7 each).Double cross suture was applied in group A,while double cross suture combined with sodium hyaluronate spraying in group B,cross-finger-like micro-braided suture in group C,and cross-finger-like micro-braided suture combined with sodium hyaluronate spraying in group D.The animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after operation,morphological,histological and biomechanics were observed and compared among the groups.One hundred and sixteen patients were treated with the surgical method in group D(89 males,27 females,aged 20-55 with an average of 36 years;73 with extensor tendon rupture,38 with strain/chalasis,5 with firearm injuries;56 on back of hand,48 on central slip,12 on lateral fixing chorda;82 with one-stage operation,and 34 with second-stage operation),and then followed-up for 2-5 years to observe the therapeutic effects.Results The repaired tendons in group D was in good contour,most tendon cells arranged regularly in bunches.The maximum load was significantly higher in group D(70.9?5.7N) than in group A(48.4?5.7N),Group B(51.3?3.2N) and Group C(68.3?2.8N,P

Background Choroidal hemangioma is a common benign intraocular tumor.Typical choroidal hemangioma is comparably easy to diagnose,but untypical one might be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor.Contrastenhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been used to diagnose multiple neoplasm for the past few years.However,the application of CEUSin ophthalmology is less.Objective This study was to investigate the CEUS characteristics of choroidal hemangioma.Methods Fifty-eight eyes of 58 patients who were diagnosed as choroidal hemangioma were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital during July 2010 to December 2012.CEUS was performed on the patients to check the manifestations of choroidal hemangioma.A time-intensity analysis was employed to quantitatively analyzed and compared the maximum intensity (MI),rising time (RT),time to peak (TTP),and mean transit time (mTT) between the choroidal hemangioma and normal orbital tissue and the parameters were contrasted using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results CEUS showed that choroidal hemangioma was gradually enhanced by the contrast after intravenous injection of sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles with a high-reference signal in choroidal hemangioma,and the fading procedure was slower in choroidal hemangioma than that of normal orbital tissue.MI,RT,TTP,and mTT were294.20％ (217.35％,373.25％),21.30 (17.35,23.35) s,25.00 (21.68,27.48) s and 59.30 (51.08,78.35) s in the choroidal hemangioma,which were significantly higher than 100.00％ (100.00％,100.00％),17.75 (15.00,20.30) s,22.40 (18.35,24.63) s and 47.25 (40.90,57.23) s in the normal orbital tissue (Z =-6.608,-4.998,-4.650,-4.332,all at P＜0.001).Conclusions Choroidal hemangioma has its own CEUS manifestation characteristics.CEUS is helpful to the differential diagnosis of choroidal hemangioma.

Objective To evaluate the long-term therapeutic results and the safety of nephronsparing surgery(NSS) for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Methods Clinical data of 243 NSSfor renal cell carcinoma were retrospectively analysed. Of them, 159 were males and 84 were femaleswith average age of 58 years (range from 24 ?77 years). The average tumor size was 3. 4 cm (rangefrom 1.1 to 6. 7 cm). Three cases were solitary renal cell carcinoma, 11 were bilateral renal cell carcinoma; 237 cases were in stage T_(1a). and 6 cases were in stage T_(1b). No lymph node and distant metastasis, no renal vein cancer tumor embolus and inferior vena cava tumor embolus was found. Postoperative follow-up was carried out by ultrasound, CT and renal function. Cancer specific survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results After a mean 31 months (1-147months) follow-up, long-term follow-up data were obtained in 232 cases because the other 11 did notlive in Dalian, 52 were treated with interferon. Four of the 232 patients treated with NSS had died:1died from lung cancer 16 months after lung cancer treatment, the other 3 died from cardiovascular diseases. The total survival rate and cancer specific survival rate were 98. 3% and 100. 0%, respectively.Local tumor recurrences were detected in 5 patients and tumor metastasis was detected in 1 patient.The recurrence rate was 2. 2%, and the metastasis rate was 0. 4%. The complications included temporary renal failure and urine leakage. The complication rate was 5. 6%. Conclusions NSS for renalcell carcinoma is a safe and feasible treatment option. It has the advantages of low local recurrence,good long-term survival rate and low complication rate. NSS can maximally reserve functional nephron, reduce the risk of chronic renal failure, preserve patient's quality of life and increase patient'ssatisfaction.