In recent years,with increasing investment on laboratory medicine scientific research in China,the project management,implementation,evaluation system and quality improvement become more and more important for research managers and executives.In this paper,the main problems of project execution and implementation and accordingly proposed some constructive suggestions were analysed,in the aspects of the leading role of principal investigator,periodical discussion,peer guidance,scientific progress management,effective using of project funds and the establishment of appropriate reward and punishment mechanisms.It is hoped that these suggestions can be used to achieve success in laboratory medicine research project.

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders.Although the etiology is unknown,schizophrenia appears to be a polygenic disorder associated with environmental factors.There are evidences that intracellular signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.Canonical Wnt pathway,which is closely related to the development and function maintenance of central nervous system,have drawn wide attention.Evidences for potential disturbances of Wnt signaling pathways in schizophrenia have accumulated,which are in favour of the hypothesis that Wnt signaling alterations may be important in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.The research advances in the relationship between canonical Wnt signaling pathway and schizophrenia are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between plasma D dimer levels and ovarian cancer, as well as its pathologic staging.Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria , articles published about the correlation between plasma D dimer levels and human ovarian cancer were searched by means of PubMed , Embase, CNKI and WanFang Data from their inception to December 31th , 2013.In addition , references′list of the included articles and their related citations in Pubmed were also reviewed for additional articles.After quality assessment of all studies , Meta-analysis and ANOVA were performed with RevMan 5.2 and SAS 9.1 for statistic analysis.Results A total of 13 articles were identified, including 679 cases of ovarian cancers , 685 cases of benign controls and 477 cases of healthy controls.Meta-analysis revealed that:(1) Plasma D dimer levels in ovarian cancer groups were higher than that in benign control groups ( Z =8.61, P <0.000 01 ) and healthy control groups ( Z =6.76, P <0.000 01);(2) Plasma D dimer levels in benign control groups were higher than that in healthy controls (Z=3.15, P=0.002); (3) Plasma D dimer levels in advanced ovarian cancer FIGO (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) were higher than that in early cancer FIGO (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) (Z=3.38, P=0.000 9);(4)But there were no difference between relapse groups and remission groups (Z=1.19, P=0.23).ANOVA revealed that:(1) There were significant difference of D dimer levels among ovarian cancer groups or benign groups , healthy control groups; ( 2 ) Significant increasing of D dimer levels was revealed by Pairwise ANOVA from healthy controls, benign controls to ovarian cancer.Conclusions Plasma D dimer levels were high in patients with ovarian cancer , especially in FIGO (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) ovarian cancer.No difference of D dimer levels were investigated between relapse phase and remission phase.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of GABAAα1, receptors in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Nine male Wistar rats weighing 200-210 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 3 each): control group (group C) , sham operation group (group S) and neuropathic pain group (group P). Neuropathic pain was induced by chronic constrictive injury. The right sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals with 3-0 chromic catgut. In group S, the right sciatic nerve was exposed but not ligated. The thermal and mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before and 1,4,7, 10 and 14 d after operation. The animals were then sacrificed and the mPFC was removed. The expression of GABAAα1, receptors in mPFC was determined by Western blot. Results Compared with C and S groups, thermal and mechanical pain threshold were significantly decreased and the expression of GABAAα1, receptors was up-regulated in group P ( P ＜ 0.01) . There was no significant difference was in the thermal and mechanical pain threshold and expression of GABAAα1 receptors between C and S groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Up-regulation of GABAAα1 receptor expression in mPFC may be involved in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain in rats.

Despite the numerous advances in cardiovasular diseasec(CVD) prevention and control during the past decades, it remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, which is a huge burden for global health care.Because of the high cost and side effects of the drugs, it is necessary to find novel, cost-effective and efficient inventions for CVD prevention.Unhealthy lifestyles contribute as a risk factor, such as unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, tobacco, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and psychosocial stress.To date, numerous studies have reported the benefit of meditation on health.This review discussed the effect of meditation on cardiovascular risks, including stress, blood pressure, smoking, alcohol drinking and atherosclerosis, as well as the effect on telomere.This review limited to sitting meditation alone (yoga, Qigong, and tai chi were excluded) to reduce the confounding influence of the effects of physical therapies.Overall, meditation showed possible benefits on reduction of cardiovascular risks and improved telomerase activity, although limitations on sample size, quality and methodology are included in current studies.Given its accessibility, low-cost and low-risk, meditation might serve as an adjunct to treatment and prevention of CVD.Since the limitations of current studies, further researches are needed to be established to confirm the benefit of meditation on cardiovascular disease.

Microglia play multiple roles in such processes as brain development, homeostasis, and pathology. Due to their diverse mechanisms of functions, the complex sub-classifications, and the large differences between different species, especially compared with humans, very different or even opposite conclusions can be drawn from studies with different research models. The choice of appropriate research models and the associated tools are thus key ingredients of studies on microglia. Mice are the most commonly used animal models. In this review, we summarize in vitro and in vivo models of mouse and human-derived microglial research models, including microglial cell lines, primary microglia, induced microglia-like cells, transgenic mice, human-mouse chimeric models, and microglial replacement models. We also summarize recent developments in novel single-cell and in vivo imaging technologies. We hope our review can serve as an efficient reference for the future study of microglia.

Objectives To study the current prevalence and recent epidemiological changes of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among children and adults residing in regions with high ( Muping, Shandong) and low (Yanqing, Beijing) incidence of gastric cancer in China. Methods A total of 2065 asymptomatic children aged 8-15 years and adults aged 40-79 years in the above two regions were examined from May to July 2006. The data obtained in early 1990s in the same two areas and those of 11 656 patients undergoing endoscopy in our hospital in 1991 and 2006 were also collected and studied. Results The prevalence ofH. pylori infection in Muping was significantly higher than that in Yanqing among both children (37.69% vs25.58%, P<0.001) and adults (50.95% vs41.35%, P < 0. 01 ). From 1991 to 2006 H. pylori prevalence among children aged 8-10 years decreased in Muping (60. 00% vs 32. 07% , P < 0.001), but not in Yanqing (24.06% vs 19.10%, P > 0. 05 ) . A significant decrease in H. pylori prevalence among adults in both regions was observed when the results of 2006 were compared with the data obtained in 1990 in Muping (50.95% vs 73.78% , P < 0. 001 ) and in 1992 inYanqing (41.35% vs 55. 35% , P < 0. 01 ) . The detected rate of H. pylori infection in patients undergoing endoscopy in our hospital decreased from 51. 88% in 1991 to 33. 59% in 2006 (P <0. 001). Conclusions The prevalence of H. pylori infection is significantly higher in areas with a high incidence of gastric cancer in China as compared with that in areas with a low incidence of gastric cancer among both children and adults. H. pylori infection may be a risk factor in gastric carcinogenesis. In the past decade or more, H.pylori infection rates have decreased in Chinese population.

Objective To investigate the incidence of peptic ulcer (duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer) and the development of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the population during 10 years after Hp eradication.Methods Subjects were chosen from general population and performed endoscopy.Among them,the individuals confirmed to be Hp positive were randomly divided into treatment group and placebo group.The patients in treatment group received OAC triple therapy (omeprazole 20 mg,clarithromycin 500 nag and amoxicillin 1000 re.g,twice daily) for one week.After that,both groups continuously followed up by endoscopy during at 1st,5th,8th and 10th year for incidence and relapse of peptic ulcer as well as status of Hp infection.The patients in treatment group were examined by 13C-UBT for Hp eradication one month after the completion of treatment.Results At the 1st year,the incidence of peptic ulcer between the treatment group and placebo group were 3.7% and 12.85% (P=0.0002),respectively.At the 5th year,they were 5.86% and 14.93% (P=0.0017),respectively.At the 8th year,they were 4.4% and 9.39% (P = 0.044),respectively.The incidence of peptic ulcer of the treatment group significantly decreased after the eradication therapy compared to the placebo group.After the eradication,at the 1st year,the recurrence rates were 3.70% and 38.1% between the treatment group and the placebo group (P=0.0027).At the 5th year,they were 14.81% and 42.86% (P=0.03).At 8th year,they were 14.81 and 47.62% (P=0.03),respectively.At the 10th year,they were 25.93% and 57.14% (P=0.028).Then the recurrence rates of the treatment group significantly decreased compared to the placebo group.During the 10-year follow up study,the rate of Hp reinfection after a successful eradication in the treatment group was high,and it was 46.4% at the 10th year.Conclusion Both the incidence and recurrence of peptic ulcer significantly decreased after Hp eradication.It is necessary of Hp eradication in patients with peptic ulcer.Hp reinfection after a successful eradication is more frequent.

Objective: Cognition impairments are considered as a fundamental characteristic of severe mental disorders (SMD). Recent studies suggest that hyperprolactinemia may exert a detrimental influence on cognitive performance in patients with SMD. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum prolactin levels and cognitive function in female individuals diagnosed with SMD. Methods: We conducted a study on 294 patients with SMD and 195 healthy controls, aged between 14 to 55 years old. Cognitive function was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), while prolactin levels were measured in serum. Descriptive analysis and comparative analysis were performed to compare cognitive function and prolactin levels between groups, and linear regression models were used to explore the relationship between prolactin and cognitive function. Results: Compared to the healthy control, individuals with SMD exhibited significantly higher levels of prolactin, while scoring lower on RBANS total and every index scores. Furthermore, a negative association between prolactin levels and cognitive function (RBANS total index score, attention, and delayed memory) was observed in SMD patients. Importantly, this inverse correlation between prolactin and cognition function (RBANS total index score, total scale score, and attention) persisted in patients who were not taking medications that could potentially influence serum prolactin levels. Conclusion Our study reveals a significant correlation between elevated prolactin levels and cognitive impairment in female patients with SMD, underscoring the importance of monitoring prolactin levels in order to prevent cognitive deterioration among female SMD patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of glutathiones-transferase (GST) T1, GSTM1 and epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) genes on skin injury in workers exposed to coal tar pitch. Methods Workers from a carbon manufacturing company involved in coal tar pitch production and use were selected as the study subjects using a judgment sampling method. Workers with skin injury after exposed to coal tar were selected as the case group (55 cases), and those with the same workshop and type of work but without skin abnormalities were selected as the control group (197 cases). Urine and blood samples were collected from the workers, and levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites, including 1-pyrenol (1-OH-P), 1-naphthol (1-OH-N) and 2-naphthol (2-OH-N), in urine were measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The GSTT1, GSTM1 and EPHX1 genes in blood were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Results In the case group, all 55 workers reported skin stinging, 25 workers reported itching and flaking, and 15 workers reported blackheads and pigmentation. Urinary levels of 1-OH-N and 2-OH-N were lower in the worker in the case group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the level of 1-OH-P between the two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the number of workers with GSTT1, GSTM1 and EPHX1(His139His) genes between the two groups (all P<0.01). The GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes were positively correlated with post-shift urinary levels of 1-OH-N, 1-OH-P, and 2-OH-N (all P<0.01). The EPHX1 (139Arg locus) gene was positively correlated with post-shift 2-OH-N levels (P=0.03). The GSTT1, GSTM1, and EPHX1 (139Arg locus) genes were associated with reduced skin damage among coal tar workers (all P<0.01), after controlling for age, length of service, gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion Exposure to coal tar pitch can cause skin injury in workers, and the GSTT1, GSTM1, and EPHX1 (139Arg locus) genes are protective factors against skin injury in those workers.