Pediatric optic neuritis is a demyelinating optic nerve inflammation in children, characterized by acute vision loss and visual field defects, often accompanied by eye movement pain, color vision abnormalities, and relative afferent pupillary defects. It can manifest as an isolated episode or as part of broader demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease. Its incidence varies globally, with recent studies defining it as optic neuritis in individuals aged <16 years.Current Concepts: Pediatric optic neuritis has distinct clinical features compared to its adult counterpart, particularly in presentation patterns and associated systemic diseases. Children often experience greater visual acuity deficits and are more likely to develop bilateral eye involvement, severe optic disc swelling, and accompanying encephalopathic features than adults. Epidemiological studies have shown that it is relatively rare, with varying incidence rates across different regions. Diagnostic criteria are primarily based on clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and serological tests, including antibodies against specific biomarkers such as anti-MOG and anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies. Treatment strategies for pediatric optic neuritis involve high-dose corticosteroids followed by tapering and, in severe cases, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulins. Long-term management may require immunosuppressants or biological agents, particularly in cases progressing to MS or NMOSD.Discussion and Conclusion: Understanding the unique aspects of pediatric optic neuritis is crucial for appropriate management and improving outcomes. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this condition.

Pediatric optic neuritis is a demyelinating optic nerve inflammation in children, characterized by acute vision loss and visual field defects, often accompanied by eye movement pain, color vision abnormalities, and relative afferent pupillary defects. It can manifest as an isolated episode or as part of broader demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease. Its incidence varies globally, with recent studies defining it as optic neuritis in individuals aged <16 years.Current Concepts: Pediatric optic neuritis has distinct clinical features compared to its adult counterpart, particularly in presentation patterns and associated systemic diseases. Children often experience greater visual acuity deficits and are more likely to develop bilateral eye involvement, severe optic disc swelling, and accompanying encephalopathic features than adults. Epidemiological studies have shown that it is relatively rare, with varying incidence rates across different regions. Diagnostic criteria are primarily based on clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and serological tests, including antibodies against specific biomarkers such as anti-MOG and anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies. Treatment strategies for pediatric optic neuritis involve high-dose corticosteroids followed by tapering and, in severe cases, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulins. Long-term management may require immunosuppressants or biological agents, particularly in cases progressing to MS or NMOSD.Discussion and Conclusion: Understanding the unique aspects of pediatric optic neuritis is crucial for appropriate management and improving outcomes. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this condition.

Pediatric optic neuritis is a demyelinating optic nerve inflammation in children, characterized by acute vision loss and visual field defects, often accompanied by eye movement pain, color vision abnormalities, and relative afferent pupillary defects. It can manifest as an isolated episode or as part of broader demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease. Its incidence varies globally, with recent studies defining it as optic neuritis in individuals aged <16 years.Current Concepts: Pediatric optic neuritis has distinct clinical features compared to its adult counterpart, particularly in presentation patterns and associated systemic diseases. Children often experience greater visual acuity deficits and are more likely to develop bilateral eye involvement, severe optic disc swelling, and accompanying encephalopathic features than adults. Epidemiological studies have shown that it is relatively rare, with varying incidence rates across different regions. Diagnostic criteria are primarily based on clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and serological tests, including antibodies against specific biomarkers such as anti-MOG and anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies. Treatment strategies for pediatric optic neuritis involve high-dose corticosteroids followed by tapering and, in severe cases, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulins. Long-term management may require immunosuppressants or biological agents, particularly in cases progressing to MS or NMOSD.Discussion and Conclusion: Understanding the unique aspects of pediatric optic neuritis is crucial for appropriate management and improving outcomes. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this condition.

Pediatric optic neuritis is a demyelinating optic nerve inflammation in children, characterized by acute vision loss and visual field defects, often accompanied by eye movement pain, color vision abnormalities, and relative afferent pupillary defects. It can manifest as an isolated episode or as part of broader demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease. Its incidence varies globally, with recent studies defining it as optic neuritis in individuals aged <16 years.Current Concepts: Pediatric optic neuritis has distinct clinical features compared to its adult counterpart, particularly in presentation patterns and associated systemic diseases. Children often experience greater visual acuity deficits and are more likely to develop bilateral eye involvement, severe optic disc swelling, and accompanying encephalopathic features than adults. Epidemiological studies have shown that it is relatively rare, with varying incidence rates across different regions. Diagnostic criteria are primarily based on clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and serological tests, including antibodies against specific biomarkers such as anti-MOG and anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies. Treatment strategies for pediatric optic neuritis involve high-dose corticosteroids followed by tapering and, in severe cases, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulins. Long-term management may require immunosuppressants or biological agents, particularly in cases progressing to MS or NMOSD.Discussion and Conclusion: Understanding the unique aspects of pediatric optic neuritis is crucial for appropriate management and improving outcomes. Further studies are needed to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this condition.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical reliability of the Topolyzer Vario (Wavelight-Alcon, Erlangen, Germany), we compared threedifferent corneal topographers in terms of corneal refractive power. Methods: The medical records of patients who visited Severance Hospital for corneal refractive surgery were retrospectivelyreviewed. Keratometric data of patients who underwent evaluations using the Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany),ORBscan II (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY, USA), and Topolyzer Vario instruments on the same day were obtained. Flat keratometry(Kf), steep keratometry (Ks), mean keratometry (Km), astigmatism keratometry (Kastig), Cartesian astigmatism (J0), andoblique astigmatism (J45) values were calculated. The measurement values of the three devices were subjected to Pearson’scorrelation analysis and repeated measures analysis of variance (with Bonferroni correction); a Bland-Altman plot was alsocreated. Results: The keratometric data of 80 eyes were included in the analysis and all of the keratometric measurements obtained bythe three devices showed significant correlations, i.e., good agreement. The Kf and Km measurements of the Pentacam HR wereflatter than those of the ORBscan II, and the Kf, Km, Ks, and J45 measurements were flatter than those of the Topolyzer Vario.However, there was no significant difference in keratometric values between the ORBscan II and Topolyzer Vario. Furthermore,the difference in corneal refractive power between the Pentacam HR and Topolyzer Vario was not clinically significant. Conclusions When measuring the corneal refractive power of patients without any history of corneal disorder or ocular surgery,the Topolyzer Vario is a clinically reliable device that shows similar performance to the ORBscan II and Pentacam HR.