Vinflunine tartrate-loaded liposomes (VT-L) with two drug-to-lipid ratios were prepared by pH gradient method. Vesicle size and zeta potential were determined by the Zetasizer Nano ZS. Entrapment efficiency was evaluated by cation exchange resin centrifugalization method. The toxicity and tumor inhibition to nude mouse administrated by VT-L with different drug-to-lipid ratios were investigated and compared with the vinflunine tartrate injection (VT-I). The results showed that the mean particle size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency of the VT-L with drug-to-lipid ratios of 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 were 124.6 nm and 128.3 nm, -25.3 mV and -22.8 mV, 94.46% and 97.31%, respectively. The VT-L with two different drug-to-lipid ratios has significantly higher anti-tumor effect to nude mouse transplanted human non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 and lower toxicity than VT-I. While there were no significant differences in anti-tumor effect and toxicity between VT-L with two different drug-to-lipid ratios.

AIM:To explore the effect of component II of broccoli polypeptide on the apoptosis in glioma cells . METHODS:Human glioma SHG-44 cells were cultured and divided into control group and 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/L com-ponent II of broccoli polypeptide groups .Cell viability was detected by MTT assay .The apoptotic rates were examined by Annexin V/PI staining.The morphological changes of the cells were observed under inverted microscope .The protein ex-pression of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting .The protein level of caspase-3 was also examined by Western blotting .RESULTS:Treatment with component II of broccoli polypeptide for 24 h, 48 h or 72 h induced significant inhibition of viability of SHG-44 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner .The results of Annexin V/PI staining showed that the apoptotic rates were increased in treatment groups in a dose -dependent manner .The density of glioma cells was decreased after treated with increasing concentrations of the drug , and the apoptotic bodies were ob-served under inverted microscope at 72 h.The results of immunocytochemistry and Western blotting showed that the expres-sion of Bax protein was increased but Bcl-2 protein expression was decreased , and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased sig-nificantly compared with control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The level of caspase-3 protein was increased in 30 and 100 mg/L component II of broccoli polypeptide groups compared with control group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The compo-nent II of broccoli polypeptide increases the ratio of Bax /Bcl-2 and activates caspase-3 protein, thus inducing the apoptosis of glioma cells.

Objective To understand the correlation of expression levels of serum stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and β2microglobulin (β2-MG) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) with or without myeloma bone disease (MBD). Methods Eighty patients with MM who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2014 to June 2017 were selected; all of the patients met the international diagnostic criteria for MM. According to the symptoms such as bone pain, the patients were divided into group with MBD (45 cases) and group without MBD (35 cases). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of SDF-1α and OPG, and radioimmunoassay was used to detect the expression of MM major prognostic indicator β2-MG. The MBD score was evaluated in 45 patients selected by random number table after sacroiliac joint X-ray and three-dimensional bone reconstruction. The χ 2test was used to compare the categorical variables; the two independent sample t-test was used to compare the continuous variables that conformed to the normal distribution between two groups, and the Pearson method was used for the correlation analysis. Results The expression level of serum SDF-1α in the group with MBD was significantly higher than that in the group without MBD [0.31±0.17) pg/ml vs. (0.18±0.06) pg/ml], and the difference was statistically significant (t ＝-4.21, P < 0.001). The expression level of serum OPG in the group with MBD was significantly lower than that in the group without MBD [(0.73±0.50) pg/ml vs. (1.08±0.31) pg/ml], and the difference was statistically significant (t＝ 3.62, P< 0.001). Pearson analysis showed that β2-MG level in the group was positively correlated with SDF-1α level (r＝ 0.84, P< 0.001), and negatively correlated with OPG level (r＝ -0.48, P<0.001). The β2-MG level in the group without MBD did not show a correlation with the SDF-1α and OPG levels. Conclusions In the serum of patients with MBD, the expression levels of β2-MG and SDF-1α are increased, and the expression level of OPG is decreased. SDF-1α and OPG may be new clinical biochemical indicators for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment in MBD.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of ibuprofen arginate,a new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug,with that of ibuprofen,in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or knee osteoarthritis and to evaluate the safety and tolerability of ibuprofen argihate.Methods This is a muhicenter,random,open,active comparator-controlled,parallel clinical trail in which 171 patients with rheumatoid arthritis or knee osteoarthritis were enrolled.Patients were randomized to 2 groups:400 mg of ibuprofen arginate three times daily and 400 mg of ibuprofen three times daily respectively.Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated after 4-week treatment.Results Ibuprofen arginate,at dosages of 400 mg three times daily,had shown significant efficacy in relieving pain,tenderness and swelling of joints and there was no significant difference when compared to that of ibuprofen.There was no difference in clinical adverse effects between the two groups and no serious adverse effects were repofled.But ibuprofen arginate could initiate effectiveness more rapidly than ibuprofen in both rheumatoid arthritisand osteoarthritis patients.Conclusion Ibuprofen arginate has the same clinical efficacy and safety profiles as itmprofen in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.However,its onset is more rapid than ibuprofen.

The condition of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) complicated by corona virus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is complex. sTBI can significantly increase the probability of COVID-19 developing into severe or critical stage, while COVID-19 can also increase the surgical risk of sTBI and the severity of postoperative lung lesions. There are many contradictions in the treatment process, which brings difficulties to the clinical treatment of such patients. Up to now, there are few clinical studies and therapeutic norms relevant to sTBI complicated by COVID-19. In order to standardize the clinical treatment of such patients, Critical Care Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Healthcare and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Chinese expert consensus on clinical treatment of adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated by corona virus infection 2019 ( version 2023) based on the joint prevention and control mechanism scheme of the State Council and domestic and foreign literatures on sTBI and COVID-19 in the past 3 years of the international epidemic. Fifteen recommendations focused on emergency treatment, emergency surgery and comprehensive management were put forward to provide a guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of sTBI complicated by COVID-19.

Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* ; Cholelithiasis

Myocardial dysfunction is the most serious complication of sepsis. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMD) is often associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction, but its pathophysiological significance remains unclear. The present study found that patients with SMD had higher plasma gastrin concentrations than those without SMD. In mice, knockdown of the gastrin receptor, cholecystokinin B receptor (Cckbr), aggravated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and increased inflammation in the heart, whereas the intravenous administration of gastrin ameliorated SMD and cardiac injury. Macrophage infiltration plays a significant role in SMD because depletion of macrophages by the intravenous injection of clodronate liposomes, 48 h prior to LPS administration, alleviated LPS-induced cardiac injury in Cckbr-deficient mice. The intravenous injection of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) overexpressing Cckbr reduced LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Furthermore, gastrin treatment inhibited toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) signaling pathway in BMMs. Thus, our findings provide insights into the mechanism of the protective role of gastrin/CCKBR in SMD, which could be used to develop new treatment modalities for SMD.