Objective To evaluate whether dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) can help clinicians in differentiating malignant tumors from benign lesions and in predicting and correlating the histologic grade for breast cancer patients.Methods DCE-MRI from 98 patients (with histopathological confirmation) in our department were retrospectively analyzed.In the first dynamic phase,the hot and cold spot ROIs were selected as the regions with maximum and minimum Slopein,respectively.The kinetic characteristics (including hot spot,cold spot,and heterogeneous characteristics) and morphologic features were evaluated.The ROC curve analysis was used to test the diagnostic power of all DCE-MRI parameters (inflow slope,Slopein ; washout slope; inflow slope ratio; washout slope ratio; time-signal intensity curve shape; rim enhancement; internal homogeneity) for differentiating malignant tumors from benign breast lesions.Joncheere-Terpstra test was adopted to analyze the kinetic data.Categorical data were analyzed by using the Fisher test.Results Hot spot Slopein might have the biggest area (0.620) under the ROC curve (but not significant) among all the different MRI parameters(P ＞ 0.05).Its sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value were 63.2％ (55/87) and 72.7％ (8/11),respectively.The cold spot parameter Slopein(P =0.025),heterogeneity parameter ratio-in (P =0.031),and internal homogeneity (P =0.032) showed a significant correlation with histologic grade.The median and quartile of cold spot Slopein in pathologic Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ were 6.1 × 10-3,5.4 × 10-3 and 1.4 × 10-3,respectively;inflow slope ratio:6.6,9.8 and 17.6 ; pathologic Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ showed 2,1,and 0 patients with homogeneity enhancement,respectively ; intermediate enhancement:5,12,and 2 patients,respectively;heterogeneity enhancement:2,6,and 8 patients.Conclusions The DCE-MRI is a potential tool in helping clinicians to predict the histologic grading in breast cancers.Parameter hot spot Slopein might help differentiae malignant tumors from the benign counterpart.

Objective To investigate the action mechanism of Tianqi Yizhi Granules for Alzheimer disease. Methods Ninety SD rats were divided into sham-operation group, model group, positive medicine group, high, medium and low dosage of Tianqi Yizhi Granules groups. SD rats were injected with aggregated amyloid β1-42 protein (Aβ1-42) into their left ventricle to establish AD models. Treatment groups received gavage with Huperzine A or Tianqi Yizhi Granules. The sham-operation group and model group received gavage with the same volume of normal saline. The mitochondrial membrane potential, activity of complex Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ of mitochondrial respiratory chain, enzymatic activity of Na+-K+ATP, energy charge, and space leaning ability were detected. Results Compared with model group, Tianqi Yizhi Granules could significantly improve mitochondrial membrane potential, activity of complex Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ of mitochondrial respiratory chain, enzymatic activity of Na+-K+ATP, space leaning ability, and energy metabolism of brain in AD rats. Conclusion Tianqi Yizhi Granules showed mitochondrial protective capacity, and could improve energy metabolism of brain in AD rats, and then improve AD rats’ space learning ability.

Objective:To study the clinical value and telomerase activity of malignant ascites treated by lifein combination with cisplatin.Methods:48 patients with malignant ascites were divided randomly into two groups.Treatment group of 28 cases were treated with lifein and cisplatin,control group of 20 cases were treated with cisplatin alone.Telomerase activity was detected by semi-TRAP assay before treatment,at the first week,the second week and the third week after treatment,respectively.Results:the effective rates of treatment group(89.3%) was much higher than that of control group (60%),P

A microcapsule is a spherical, with a diameter that can be controlled in the range of 200 -1500 μm and biocompatible semipermeable membrane, which allows the bidirectional diffusion of nutrients,oxygen, secreted therapeutic product, and waste but prevents the penetration of high molecular weight substances from the microcapsule, such as antibodies and immunocytes. In comparison to monolayer culture and multicellular tumor spheroid model, orthotopic injection of microencapsulated tumor cells has uncomparable advantages in cell proliferation, mimicking the in vivo situation, making orthotopic tumor model and distant organ metastases model. Microencapsulated tumor assay has the potential of being widely used for in vitro anticancer drug screening and evaluation of the effects. This article mainly reviews the advantages of microencapsulated tumor assay and its application.

Objective To investigate the effects ofTianqi-Yizhi granules on oxidative stress in the brain tissue, and learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease model rats.Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups by random number table method: sham operation group, model group, huperzine A group and groups of low-, medium- and high-doseTianqi-Yizhi granules, with 15 rats in each group. The AD rat model was prepared by the left lateral ventricle injection of amyloid-β1-42. One week after modeling, the rats in the groups of low-, medium- and high-doseTianqi-Yizhi granules received intragastric administration of 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 g/kgTianqi-Yizhi granules, respectively; the rats in the huperzine A group received intragastric administration of 0.02 mg/kg huperzine A solution; and the rats in the sham operation and model groups received intragastric administration of equivalent volume of normal saline for 30 days. Learning and memory were evaluated using the dark avoidance test. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malonaldehyde (MDA) level in the brain tissue were determined. ResultsIn comparison with the model group, the latencies to step into the dark chamber in the high- and medium-dose Tianqi-Yizhi granules groups were significantly longer (239.05 ± 48.42 s, 214.35 ± 74.52 svs. 97.39 ± 30.69 s; allP<0.01), the numbers of errors significantly decreased (1.93 ± 3.25, 2.27 ± 3.09vs. 6.62 ± 3.45; allP<0.05), the activities of SOD (177.27 ± 63.10 U/mg, 164.53 ± 72.58 U/mgvs.72.56±21.04 U/mg; all P<0.01) and GSH-Px (2 899.36 ± 362.27 U/g, 2 407.68 ± 472.14 U/gvs. 1 397.64 ± 442.17 U/g; allP<0.01), and MDA level (24.75 ± 9.94 nmol/mg, 27.74 ± 5.82 nmol/mgvs. 37.56 ± 17.23 nmol/mg; allP<0.01) in the brain tissue significantly increased. ConclusionTianqi-Yizhi granules could attenuate oxidative stress in the brain tissue, and improve learning and memory in AD rats.

Objective To observe the best compatibility proportion and action mode of protective effects of combined baicalin and taurine in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model.Methods Aβ1-42 was injected through lateral ventricles to establish AD rat models. SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, aricept group, combined baicalin and taurine in different proportions group. Administration groups were treated with different medicines, while sham-operation group and model group were treated with the same amount of normal saline for 40 days. The step-through latency and the times of mistakes were detected through step-through test;the escape latent and the times of crossing target quadrant were detected through Morris water maze. Furthermore, the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were induced by 5 μmol/L Aβ1-42 for establishing a cellular AD model. The AD cellular model was treated with baicalin and taurine compatibility in different proportions for 48 hours. Then the rate of cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and the median effective concentration (EC50) and combination index were calculated. Results Baicalin and taurine in 2∶1 and 1∶1 proportion groups can significantly improve learning and memory ability in AD rats (P<0.05,P<0.01). The EC50 were 2.110 μmol/L and 0.422 μmol/L, respectively. The combination index was 0.308.Conclusion Baicalin combined with taurine exhibit synergetic protective effects in AD rats induced by Aβ1-42. The optimal compatibility proportion of baicalin and taurine is 2∶1, and EC50 is 0.279 μmol/L.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in prognosis prediction of traumatic axonal injury (TAI).Methods A retrospective study of 75 patients with TAI was performed to analyze the clinical data and the follow-up prognosis in the 6 months after injury.The detection rate of TAI lesion by DWI,SWI and conventional MRI was compared.Multiple factors analysis applied logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between associated factors and prognosis.Results The average detected TAI lesions were (19.92 ± 8.62) by DWI and (22.17 ± 11.72) by SWI,which had no significant differences (t=1.24,P＞0.05),but there was a significant difference bettween by conventional MRI and by DWI or SWI (all P＜0.05).DWI was more sensitive to non-hemorrhagic lesions and SWI was more sensitive to hemorrhagic lesions.However,the lesions revealed by them existed the overlap of location and pathology of lesions.Patients with poor outcomes had more number of central lesions than those patient with good outcomes (t=2.455,P＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the predictive accuracy provided by the combination with imaging and clinical factors was 95.7 ％.Conclusions DWI and SWI both are sensitive to TAI lesions,and have ability to detect the lesions with different pathological characteristics,separately.Accurate prognosis prediction for patients with TAI may be provided by the combination of clinical and imaging factors.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocyte/polymer interface with good biocompatibility is the key factor in bioreactor design andconstruction, however, bioreactor used in the clinical practice currently is not an ideal one.OBJECTIVE: To establish human hepatocyte compatible polypropylene interface and to lay a foundation for establishingbioartificial liver reactor with polypropylene hollow fiber.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The comparative observation, cell compatibility experiment was performed betweenFebruary and October 2003 at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.MATERIALS: Polypropylene Photochemical graft polymerization modification technique was used to graft hydrophilicacrylamide groups on the surface of polypropylene membrane by chemical bonds to form modified polypropylenemembrane.METHODS: L02 human hepatoeytes were seeded on polypropylene membrane, modified polypropylene membrane andpolystyrene membrane, and polystyrene membrane was used as normal control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Static water contact angle of polypropylene membrane before and after graftmodification; morphology, adherent rate and proliferation activity of L02 human hepatocytes on different material surfaces.RESULTS: Static water contact angle after polypropylene membrane graft modification was smaller than that before graftmodification (P < 0.05). The adherent rate of L02 human hepatocytes on the surface of modified polypropylene membranewas 0, and the proliferation activity of them, which grew as spherical aggregates, was markedly higher than that of cells onpolystyrene membrane and polypropylene membrane without graft modification.CONCLUSION: Grafting polyacrylamide on the surface of polypropylene can establish good interface of L02 humanhepatocytes/polypropylene and form hepatocyte spherical aggregates through simple static culture.

Background and objective The aim of this study is to determine the effcacy and feasibility of a novel folate receptor (FR)-based circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection method in the diagnosis of lung cancer. CTCs were col-lected from 3 mL of blood based on negative enrichment by immunomagnetic beads and then labeled by a conjugate of a tumor-speciifc ligand folate and an oligonucleotide.Methods Atfer washing off redundant conjugates, the bound conjugates were removed and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results The CTC levels of 97 patients with lung cancer were signiifcantly higher than that of the controls (18 patients with benign lung diseases;P<0.001). With a threshold of 8.7 Folate units, the method showed a sensitivity of 82.5% and a speciifcity of 72.2% in the diagnosis of lung cancer, especially a sensitivity of 86.8% in stage I disease. Compared with the existing clinical biomarkers such as neuron-speciifc enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CYFAR21-1, the method showed the highest diagnostic effciency in lung cancer (area under the curve, 0.859; 95%CI: 0.779-0.939) and stage I lung cancer (area under the curve, 0.912; 95%CI: 0.829-0.994). For future work, the CTC levels of 5 lung cancer patients higher than 8.7 Folate units/3 mL in their postoperation.Conclusion FR-positive CTCs were feasible diagnostic biomarkers in patients with lung cancer, as well as in early-stage tumors.

Objective To study the effects of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block(QLB)on intraoperative hemodynamics and opioid dosage in emergency patients with ectopic pregnancy.Methods A total of 70 patients with ectopic pregnancy undergoing laparoscopic surgery in Langfang People's Hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were selected as subjects.According to the different anesthesia methods,the patients were divided into the control group and the study group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was given general anesthesia,while the study group additionally added ultrasound-guided QLB.The intraoperative sedation effect,hemodynamics,postoperative pain,incidence of adverse reactions and opioid use at different times(admission,entry,intubation,skin incision,extubation,and discharge)were observed in the two groups.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the onset time of sedation,the rate of salvage sedation,the incidence of intraoperative body movements,the modified observer's assessment of alert/sedation(MOAA/S)at each time,and the hemodynamics at the time of admission,entry and intubation between the two groups.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),systolic blood pressure(SBP)and heart rate(HR)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group during skin incision,extubation and discharge[skin incision:MAP(mmHg,1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa)was 85.24±4.59 vs.96.95±4.68,SBP(mmHg)was 92.24±4.85 vs.99.49±5.13,HR(times/min)was 85.33±2.96 vs.94.51±2.92;extubation:MAP(mmHg)was 94.84±5.02 vs.102.05±5.13,SBP(mmHg)was 96.48±4.72 vs.105.03±5.07,HR(times/min)was 95.51±4.95 vs.102.49±5.87;discharge:MAP(mmHg)was 86.14±4.99 vs.93.71±5.25,SBP(mmHg)was 96.48±4.69 vs.104.37±5.02,HR(times/min)was 84.05±4.57 vs.90.51±4.86,all P<0.05]and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)was higher than those in the control group(skin incision:0.988 5±0.012 2 vs.0.965 4±0.012 3,extubation:0.974 7±0.012 4 vs.0.963 2±0.012 1,discharge:0.981 1±0.012 4 vs.0.970 3±0.012 3,all P<0.05).The resting numeric rating scale(NRS)scores and active NRS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group at 3,6,12,and 24 hours after surgery,the random time was prolonged,the resting NRS and active NRS in the two groups gradually increased,reaching a peak at 24 hours after surgery,and the resting NRS and active NRS in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(resting NRS:3.86±0.82 vs.4.53±1.04,active NRS:4.26±1.05 vs.4.85±1.13,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the control group[11.43%(4/35)vs.34.29%(12/35),P<0.05].The dosage of Sufentanil in 24 hours and 48 hours,the number of analgesic pump in 48 hours and the number of relief analgesia cases in the study group were lower than those in the control group[the dosage of Sufentanil in 24 hours(μg):23.28±4.02 vs.36.14±4.57,the dosage of Sufentanil in 48 hours(μg):41.61±4.82 vs.59.33±6.25,the number of analgesic pump in 48 hours(times):2.94±1.22 vs.6.15±1.71,the proportion of relief analgesia:8.57%(3/35)vs.28.57%(10/35),all P<0.05].Conclusion Ultrasound-guided QLB can reduce hemodynamic fluctuations,relieve postoperative pain,reduce adverse reactions and opioid use in emergency patients with ectopic pregnancy,demonstrating a positive impact.