BACKGROUND: The application of polymerized 2-hydroxyethyl methacryate (PHEMA) in many organs of living body shows good biocompatibility.OBJECTIVE: To observe the biocompatibility and fibrovascular condition of methl-methacrylate (MMA) modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant.DESIGN: Single sample observation.SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA; Institute of Polymer Science,Department of Chemical Engineering, Tinghua university.MATERIALS: Twenty-five New Zealand rabbits of either gender and clean grade, weighing 2.0 to 2.5 kg, were provided by the Animal Experimental Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. The animals were observed at postoperative 2, 4,8, 12 and 24 weeks, 5 at each time point. The experiment was permitted by ethics committee. MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant was provided by Institute of Polymer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tinghua University. The experiment was permitted by ethics committee.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA from March to October 2003. The right eye served as operation eye. When the rabbits were anesthetized,their eyelids were open with eyelid retractor. Bulbar conjunctiva was open along the edge of limbus of cornea for isolating fascia. Oculorotatory muscle was isolated and pre-set suture line was made, then muscle was cut off. When optical nerve was cut off, eyeball was completely excised. A MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant with the diameter of 14 mm was implanted into the fossa orbitalis of rabbits. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed at postoperative 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks. The hydrogel orbital implant was taken out at postoperative 2, 4, 8,12 and 24 weeks for light microscope, immunohistochemical and electron microscope examinations.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vascularization of hydrogel orbital implant was observed in vivo by isotope tracing observation at different time points. Vascularization of hydrogel orbital implant was observed ex vivo by light microscope,immunohistochemical and electron microscope observations.RESULTS: All 25 New Zealand rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ①SPECT examination showed that isotope increased around the implants at week 2, and extended gradually at weeks 4 and 8. The radiotracer accumulated evenly in the implants from surrounding to the center at week 12. ②Light microscopic examination of the prostheses revealed fiber vessels grew from the surrounding to the center. At week 2,fibrovascular tissue grew in the hole of implant. Long or round cells with deeply dyed nucleuses were found in the hole, being fibroblasts. The vascular structure in the hole of the implant was clear, and vascular wall and blood cells were found. The inflammatory cells were mainly neutrophils and lymphocytes, and occasionally large macrophages. ③Scanning electron microscope showed that fibrovascular tissue grew in the hole of the implant, and was dense and intercrossed at week 12. ④ Conjunctiva split appeared postoperatively in 1 of 25 cases, and healed well after two times of operation. Conjunctival congestion lessened and conjunctiva healed within postoperative 7 days in the remaining 24 animals.CONCLUSION: MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant has good histocompatibility and fast vascularization process, and is easy to be operated with fewer complications. So, it is a safe and practicable new type orbital implant.

The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 21 cases of liver neoplasms undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy from December 2007 to October 2012.Among 11 cases of borderline hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1.0-9.0 cm),6 of them were of micro hepatocellular carcinoma (MHCC) with a diameter ≤2 cm.There were 10 cases of borderline hepatic benign tumor,including liver hemangioma (n =7),hepatic adenoma (n =1),liver lymphoma (n =1) and liver focal necrosis (n =1).According to Couinaud's liver segmentation method,neoplasm was located on segment Ⅲ (n =13),segment Ⅳ (n =6),segment Ⅴ (n =1) and segment Ⅵ (n =1).Laparoscopic hepatectomy was successful in all patients.There was neither conversion into open approach nor postoperative complications of bile leakage,air embolism or perioperative mortality,etc.The mean operative duration was (120 ± 30) minutes,average hemorrhagic volume (165-±79) ml and normal diet & ambulation at Day 1-2 post-operation.The average postoperative hospitalization stay was (16 ± 10)days and l-year survival rate 100％.The parameters of leucocyte,liver enzymes,albumin and bilirubin returned to normal at Week 1 post-operation.Once a reasonable surgical indication is selected,laparoscopic resection is both safe and effective for peripheral micro hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background and purpose:18?-glycyrrhetinic acid(GA) is one of the important components of glycyrrhiza.Recent years,studies showed that GA has the effect of proliferation inhibition in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells,human liver carcinoma and lung cancer cells.We investigated the effects of GA on induction of apoptosis in human breast carcinoma(MCF7) cells.The previous studies have demonstrated that the dynamic change of intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration([Ca~(2+)]i)plays important roles in many links of apoptosis-induced process.Therefore we also researched the relationship between GA-induced apoptosis and [Ca~(2+)]i in MCF-7 cells.Methods:After MCF-7 cells were treated with 50-250 ?mol/L GA for 24 h,cell viability for proliferation was assessed by MTT assay.MCF-7 cells treated with 100 ?mol/L and 150 ?mol/L GA for 24 h,the apoptotic rates in MCF7 cells were examined by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling method,flow cytometry with Annexin V/ propidium iodide fluorescent stain and single cell gel electrophoresis assay(SCGE).For cells treated with 150 ?mol/L GA for 24 h,i was measured by Fure-2 fluorescein load method.For cells treated with 150 ?mol/L GA combined with 100 ?mol/L BAPTA-AM or 0.5 mmol/L EGTA for 24 h,cell apoptosis were examined by SCGE.Results:For cells treated with GA from 100 ?mol/L to 250 ?mol/L,the rate of proliferative inhibition was increased significantly(P

Objective To study the changes in activity of NADPH oxidase, the effects of signal molecules on membrane potential and ROS production of mitochondria in apoptotic murine peritoneal macrophages. Methods Laser scanning confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and fluorescence labeling were used. Results 1 The macrophages treated with dexamethasone developed apoptosis quickly and presented concomitant apoptotic changes. 2 Mitochondria membrane depolarized quickly, the activity of NADPH oxidase declined sharply, and ROS production decreased rapidly. The erasers of ROS promoted macrophage apoptosis. 3 PKC favored, and cAMP inhibited the macrophage apoptosis and the rapid drop in ROS and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. cGMP and TPK which slightly inhibited macrophage apoptosis, had no effects on ROS. Conclusion 1 The activity of NADPH oxidase declined sharply, hence the ROS decreased rapidly, which promoted apoptosis in macrophages treated with dexamethasone. 2 The signal molecules affected apoptosis by modulating ROS decline and mitochondria depolarization. The results suggested that, mitochondria variations, especially the variations of ROS and membrane potential, mainly affected macrophage apoptosis.;

Objective To explore the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1C (SREBP-1C) and glucose-regulated protein 94(GRP-94)in hyperhomocysteinmia and to evaluate the effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins on hepatocytes lipids metabolism. Methods After hyperhomocysteinmia C57BL/6 mice model being induced by high methionine diet, TGE and CHO of Hepatocytes were determined, and the expression of SREBP-1C and GRP-94 was assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. All data were compared to those in control group′s. Results The level of plasmic homocysteine(Hcy) and hepatocytes TGE or CHO of high methionine diet mice at different time point significantly ascended(P

Congchi Decoction in Zhouhou Beiji Fang is a prescription commonly used in treating light exterior wind-cold syndrome.Fistular Onion Stalk in the prescription has the effects in inducing sweat and dispelling exogenous evils and accelerating Yang Qi,and has been recorded in many medical books. In addition to be used to treat light exterior wind-cold syndrome,Fistular Onion Stalk is also used extensively and uniquely to treat restlessness after cholera,febrile disease,thoracic obstruction,Yin-Yang toxin syndrome,consumptive disease,bellyache due to spleen Qi deficiency according to Zhouhou Beiji Fang. However,there is still lack of the research on whether Fistular Onion Stalk is derived from shallot or scallion. The authors analyzed the sources of Fistular Onion Stalk in the prescription of Congchi Decoction by consulting ancient books,and studying the plant morphology of shallot,the characteristic and effect of Fistular Onion Stalk and the historical physicians' clinical application of Fistular Onion Stalk,the completion and popularity of Zhouhou Beiji Fang,the ratio of water to medicine of Congchi Decoction and the chemical ingredients of Fistular Onion Stalk. Finally,the authors concluded that Fistular Onion Stalk in the Congchi Decoction refers to Scallion bulbs.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Onions ; chemistry ; Yin-Yang

Objective　To explore the relationship between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and clinical symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA),and the risk factors of WMH in patients with MSA.Methods　A total of 88 patients with MSA were included.The periventricular white matter hyperintensity (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) were assessed according to MRI and the Fazekas scale.The patients were divided into three groups according to the severity of PVH or DWMH.The baseline data,motor symptoms,cognitive function,urinary symptoms and constipation were compared among different groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of WMH in patients with MSA.Results　A significant difference was detected in age at admission,age at onset,hypertension,coronary heart disease,UMSARS total score,UMSARS Ⅱ score and UMSARS Ⅳ score between different PVH grades.A significant difference was detected in age at admission,age at onset,hypertension,coronary heart disease,UMSARS total score,UMSARS Ⅰ score,UMSARS Ⅱ score and UMSARSⅣ score between different DWMH grades.Logistic regression analysis showed that age at admission and hypertension were independent risk factors for WMH in patients with MSA.Conclusion　WMH is present in some MSA patients and related to motor symptoms and severity of the disease.Age and hypertension influence the occurrence of WMH.

This paper discussed the main point specifically from the three aspects which are the certainty and uncertainty of technological function , the predictability and unpredictability of technological efficiency , and“should do”or“not should do”of technological application .It presented an ethics argument of medical technology clinical admittance restriction and defends the standpoint -what we can do does not mean what we should do , aiming to provide moral theoretical support of ethical review of medical technology application .

Objective To investigate changes of coagulation function in patients with high altitude polycythemia (HAPC) .Meth‐ods Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ,prothrombin time (PT) ,thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (Fbg) were de‐tected and compared between 69 patients with HAPC and 60 healthy subjects (controls) .Results Fbg ,APTT and TT levels in pa‐tients with HAPC were higher than controls (P<0 .05) ,while the difference of PT was not significant (P>0 .05) .Dynamic obser‐vation indicated that comprehensive therapy could these recover coagulation function .Conclusion Hemorrhage and coagulation process in patients with HAPC could be very complicated ,including physiological adaptation and the process of physiology evolving into pathology .

Objective To explore the function of the regional medical image network consultation system in propelling the quality control of regional medical image.Methods Based on the regional medical image network con-sultation system,the unified standard of quality control was implemented to reach the integrated management of the imaging quality control in region.The imaging specialists checked the quality of image and report in real time.In addi-tion,the specialists and inspectors monthly examined the quality of image and report.Subsequently,the unqualified causes were analyzed and the improvement measures were used.Finally,the quality of image and report were continu-ously improved.Results After the homogeneity management was applied for one year,the rates of remaking photos and returning the report were significantly decreased from 10% to 2%,and 12% to 4% respectively.Additionally,the rates of good image and report were significantly increased from 83% to 98%,and 89% to 100% respectively.The objective of good rate ≥90% was excellently achieved.Conclusion Based on the regional medical image network consultation system,the management in quality control of the networking hospitals has been uniform,and the technique of examination and the report format have been consistent.The standardability and accuracy of image examination have been realized.