Objective To evaluate the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 180 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into no-plaque group (38cases) and plaque group (142 cases) on the results of Color ultrasonography.Plaque group was further divided into stable plaque subgroup (46 patients) and no-stable plaque subgroup (96 patients).Total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG),fibrinogen (FIB) and oxidized low density lipoprotein cholesterol (OXLDL) were recorded.The risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction were analyzed.Results The percentage of hypertension,diabetes,stroke history,smoking were 88.7％(126/142),43.7％(62/142),53.5％(76/142),50.7％ (72/142) in plaque group and 52.6％(20/38),21.1％(8/38),31.6％(12/38),13.2％(5/38) in no-plaque group.The percentage of hypertension,diabetes,stroke history,smoking in plaque group were higher than those in no-plaque group,and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The age,TC,LDL-C,OXLDL,FIB were (65 ± 10) years old,(5.3 ±0.8) mmol/L,(3.4 ±0.8) mmol/L,(0.75 ±0.34) mmol/L,(4.8 ± 1.1) g/L in plaque group,and (56 ± 7) years old,(4.6 ± 0.7) mmol/L,(2.8 ± 0.7) mmol/L,(0.45 ± 0.21) mmol/L,(3.8 ± 0.9) g/L in no-plaque group.The age,TC,LDL-C,OXLDL,FIB in plaque group were higher than those in no-plaque group,and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of diabetes,stroke history,smoking and LDL-C,OXLDL were 50.0％(48/96),62.5％(60/96),56.2％(54/96),(3.7 ± 0.9) mmol/L,(0.84 ± 0.36)mmol/L in no-stable plaque subgroup,and 30.4％(14/46),34.8％(16/46),39.1％(18/46),(3.1 ± 0.7) mmol/L,(0.60 ± 0.32) mmol/L in stable plaque subgroup.The percentage of diabetes,stroke history,smoking and LDL-C,OXLDL in no-stable plaque subgroup were higher than those in stable plaque subgroup,and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that LDL-C (OR =1.724,95％ CI 1.326-2.285),OXLDL (OR =2.464,95％ CI 1.502-5.676) and diabetes (OR =1.484,95％ CI 1.005-1.739) were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction.Conclusion LDL-C,OXLDL and diabetes are the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction.

Objective To evaluation the value of fusion images of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE MRI) with transrectal ultrasound(TRUS) and conventional TRUS in prostate biopsy for prostate cancer.Methods The clinical data of 127 patients suspected as early-stage prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed.79 patients underwent prostate biopsy guided by conventional TRUS(group A).48 patients underwent prostate biopsy guided by fusion images of DCE MRI with TRUS(group B).Then the diagnostic rates,puncture times and complications in the two groups were compared.Results The cases with confirmed prostate cancer were 31 in group A and 22 in group B.The first time diagnostic rates of biopsy were 20.2％(16/79) in group A,and 39.3％ (19/48) in group B respectively(P ＜0.05).The first time sensivity,specifity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of biopsy were 51.6 ％,100 ％,100％,77.4％ in group A and 86.3％,100％,100％,89.6％ in group B.Puncture times was 15.40 ± 4.67 and 13.01 ± 3.87 respectively.The Gleason score was 6.21 ± 0.91 and 6.35 ± 0.81 respectively.The complication rates were 19.0％(15/79) in group A and 12.5％(6/48)in group B.Conclusions For patients with earlystage prostate cancer,the combination of DCE-MRI and TRUS to guide transrectal prostate biopsy was recommended.It showed an increase in the first time diagnostic rate of biopsy while a reduction in the times and complications of prostated biopsy.

Objective To compare the curative effect of tension-free hernioplasty and transabdominal preperitoneal herniorrhaphy(TAPP)in adult patients with inguinal hernia.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study.A total of 240 patients with inguinal hernia were randomly divided into TAPP group and tension-free hernioplasty group(open group),120 patients in each.Results In both the groups,the surgical treatments were completed.The mean operation time in TAPP group was significantly longer than that in open group [(77?15)min vs(48?9)min,t=18.147,P=0.000],and the average cost for surgery in TAPP group was significant higher than that in open group [(7363?351)yuan vs(4635?242)yuan,t=72.663,P=0.000].However,the patients in TAPP group returned to activity and was discharged earlier than those in the open group [(6?1)h vs(10?2)h,t=-19.385,P=0.000;and(3?1)d vs(5?1)d,t=-15.300,P=0.000;respectively].No significant difference was detected in the severity of postoperative pain,complications,and recurrence rate between the two groups.Conclusion Both TAPP and tension-free hernioplasty are worth being wildly used.

Objective To study the rehabilitation effects of the cochlear implants on prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality.Methods A retrospective analysis of the effects of CIs was conducted in the prelingually deaf children of 11 cases of the children with abnormal alba(the research group) and 18 cases of the children who had normal alba(the control group) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian medical university.All the operations were completed by the same doctor.There were no obvious complications during and after the operation.The cochlear implants were turned on after one month and the prelingually deaf children with extremely severe bilateral sensorineural deafness were trained for speech at the rehabilitation centre.The assessment criteria of the categories of auditory performance(CAP) and speech intelligibility rate(SIR) were used.After six months and twelve months of the operation, the family members were followed who have direct contacts with the children.The evaluation of data between the research and the control groups was administered.Results In the research group, the average level of CAP after six months'' post-operation was 2.41±0.47.But in the control group, the average level was 3.28±0.45.In the research group, the average level of SIR after six months'' post-operation was 1.27±0.44.There were 3 children in the research group at level 2, but in the control group, the average level was 1.89±0.31.Two children in the control group were level 1 while the others were level 2.In the research group, the average level of CAP after twelve months'' post-operation was 4.00±0.43 while only one child at level 3.There was one child at level 5 in the research group, the rest were level 4.There was a statistically significant difference in the average level of the CAP after six months'' post-operation(t=4.983, P<0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after six months'' post-operation(t=4.371, P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the average level of the CAP after twelve months'' post-operation(t=1.033, P>0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after twelve months'' post-operation(t=0.434, P>0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference of the rehabilitation effects of post-operation between the prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality and those with normal alba.

Objective:To study the effect of p75NTR gene on the apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca8113 cells. Methods:p75NTR +Tca8113 cells were isolated from Tca 8113 cell line and transfected by p75NTR siRNA using lipofectamine. p75NTR mRNA and protein expression was examined by real time RT-PCR and western blot respectively.Cell proliferation was stud-ied by MTT assay,cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry.Results:Proliferation of p75NTR + cells was faster than that of p75NTR - cells.Transfection of p75NTR siRNA inhibited p75NTR mRNA and protein expression in p75NTR + Tca8113 cells,inhibi-ted the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of the cells.Conclusion:p75NTR gene plays a role in the apoptosis of Tca8113 cells.

Objective To investigate the correlation between pancreatic nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, cell apoptosis and pancreatic injury. To determine effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on pancreatic injury in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods Thirty-three Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal group, normal saline (NS) group, ANP group, prophylactic and therapeutic groups with NAC randomly. ANP was produced by 3.5% sodium taurocholate retrograde injection. In the prophylactic group, rats received intravenous (i. v.) injection of NAC (300 mg/kg) 1 hour before taurocholate injection and in the therapeutic group, NAC i.v. injection was given 1 hour after sodium taurocholate injection. Animals were sacrificed at 12 hours after induction of pancreatitis. Activation of NF-KB in pancreatic tissues was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). Cell apoptosis was assessed by modified TUNEL method. The following parameters were also measured: plasma levels of amylase and lipase, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio and histologic grading. Results Taurocholate pancreatitis is characteristic of necrosis, haemorrhage, and severe leukocyte infiltration in the pancreas. Plasma amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio increased in rats of ANP. NF-κB banding activity was higher after pancreatitis induction (6.03±0.41). When NAC was given 1 hour before induction of pancreatitis, the activation (3.28±0.42) of NF-κB was prevented with significantly decreased severity of pancreatitis as assessed by amylase, pancreatic wet/dry weight ratio. The number of apoptotic cells in pancreatic tissue sections was greater in rats treated with NAC than in rats not treated with NAC. There was a negative correlation between NF-κB banding activity and apoptosis of pancreatic cells (r=-0.96, P< 0.01) and there was a positive correlation between NF-κB activation and histopathological score (r=0.63, P<0.01). Histopathological score of pancreatic injury had negative correlation with apoptosis of pancreatic cells(r=-0.98, P<0.01). Conclusion Early blocked NF-κB activation with NAC increases cell apoptosis in pancreatic tissue and decreases edema of pancreas and severity of pancreatitis in rats with ANP.

OBJECTIVE:To study the distribution characteristics of germacrone from zedoary turmeric oil (ZTO) in each tis-sue of mice,and to provide reference for further application of zedoary turmeric oil. METHODS:30 KM mice were given zedoary turmeric oil 0.5 mL;6 mice were randomly selected 1,2,4,8,12 h after medication,respectively. The contents of germacrone in heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney tissues were determined by HPLC. 15 KM mice were selected,medication and sampling method were same as above;3 mice were collected at each time point respectively. The fluorescence intensity of germacrone in above sections were observed by fluorescence. The same number of mice were selected as control in 2 trials. RESULTS:The con-centration of germacrone in each tissue 1-4 h increased gradually as time and reached the peak value at 4 h. The contents of ger-macrone in liver and spleen were significantly higher than in heart and lung. The concentrations of germacrone in each tissue were ranked as liver>spleen>kidney>heart>lung. The results of fluorescence intensity observation was same as above results. CON-CLUSIONS:Results of 2 methods show same distribution characteristics of germacrone in mice tissues,and indicate that ger-macrone is distributed more in liver,spleen and kidney tissues and less in heart and lung.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative infection in patients with liver transplantation.Methods Clinical data and laboratory findings of 1 1 3 patients undergoing liver transplantation admitted in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University during January 201 1 and December 201 4 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 1 1 3 patients,postoperative infection occurred in 35 patients,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of postoperative infection.Results Univariate analysis showed that length of hospital stay,model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)score,preoperative use of antibiotics,duration of postoperative respirator use,length of ICU stay, dosage of albumin,days of parenteral nutrition,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,fasting blood glucose,blood concentration of immunosuppressant (FK506 ),the duration of prophylactic use of antibiotics and pleural effusion were associated with postoperative infection (t =2.56,3.1 9,2.71 and 5.05;χ2 =3.87,5.75,4.66 and 5.46;Z =4.88,3.69,5.86 and 3.90;P <0.05 or <0.01 ).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative use of antibiotics (OR =35.03,95% CI:6.48 -94.64,P <0.01 ),duration of postoperative respirator use (OR =1 .02,95%CI:1 .01 -1 .04,P <0.01 ),days of parenteral nutrition (OR =1 .20,95%CI:1 .07 -1 .35,P <0.01 ),postoperative fasting plasma glucose(OR =1 .46,95%CI:1 .1 0 -2.1 6,P <0.05),the duration of prophylactic antibiotics use (OR =1 .1 0,95%CI:1 .33 -1 .86, P <0.05),and pleural effusion(OR =5.70,95%CI:1 .02 -31 .84,P <0.05 )were independent risk factors of postoperative infection.Conclusion Taken account of possible risk factors,effective prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent postoperative infection after liver transplantation.

Objective:To evaluate the molecular diagnosis marker of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC),the relationship between lymphatic metastasis of central neck compartment PTC,and the opera-tion indication of prophylactic central neck dissection.Methods:We conducted a retrospective study, including 275 PTC patients and detected their BRAF mutation rates during 201 2 and 201 4 and explored the risk factors of the central node lymphatic metastasis by Logistic regression model.Results:Of the 275 PTC patients,224 (81 .5%)were female and 51 (1 8.5%)were male.BRAF mutational rates were 53.8% (1 48 /275)and lymphatic metastasis 57.8% (1 59 /275).Multivariate analysis showed calcifica-tion (ORadjusted =1 .47,95%CI:1 .1 0 -1 .98,P =0.01 ),tumor diameter (ORadjusted =1 .48,95%CI:1 .04 -2.30,P =0.048)and age (ORadjusted =1 .48,95%CI:1 .04 -2.30,P =0.048)were associa-ted with lymphatic metastasis.In stratified analysis,BRAF mutation (ORadjusted =3.1 9,95%CI:1 .1 8 -9.43,P =0.023 )in clear boarder group and BRAF mutation (ORadjusted =4.84,95% CI:1 .68 -1 3.84,P =0.003)in calcification group were more likely to have lymphatic metastases.Conclusion:Central neck metastasis takes up a high ratio in papillary thyroid cancer patients,BRAF mutation in pa-pillary thyroid carcinoma is a characteristic molecular event.Furthermore,patients with calcification un-der ultrasound detection,lower age group and longer tumor diameter are more susceptible to suffer central neck metastasis.Especially for stratified analysis,non-calcified BRAF mutation or BRAF mutation with clear border under ultrasound detection are more susceptible to suffer central neck metastasis,and radical prophylactic central neck dissection should be carried on for these patients.

This paper was aimed to study the dynamic changes of San-Ao(SA) decoction in different compatibility of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.HPLC was used to simultaneously determinate the transfer rate of SA decoction of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm) column was selected with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid as a mobile phase to gradient.The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1.The column temperature was 30℃.The injection volume was 10μL.Ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin were detected at the wavelength of 208 nm.The glycyrrhizic acid was detected at the wavelength of 250 nm.The results showed that the transfer rate of ephedrine hydrochloride in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.The transfer rate of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of amygdalin was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of glycyrrhizic acid in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.It was concluded that there were dynamic changes in the boiling process during herbal decoction preparation.The effectiveness and stability of Chinese medicine should be improved according to these changes.