Objective To investigate the protective effect of non-wounded ischemic preconditioning (N-WIP) on lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Two animal models with N-WIP and the classical ischemic preconditioning respectively were used. Forty New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group having 10 animals: control group (C), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R), classical ischemic preconditioning group (C-IP), and N-WIP group. Lung injury was assessed by arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), wet to dry weight ratio (W/D), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and level of malondialdehyde (MDA).Results In I/R group, PaO2 was descended constantly, especially within 30 min after reperfusion. PaO2 and the activities of SOD, GSH-PX in serum and lung tissue in N-WIP group and C-IP group were both significantly higher than those in I/R group (P

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different doses of ultrafine extracted granule preparation (EGP) and traditional herbal decoction (THD) of Li Zhong Tang in treatment of epigastric pain. Methods Sixty cases of epigastric pain patients in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of deficiency and cold pattern of spleen and stomach in TCM were randomly divided into THD group, 1/3 dose group and 1/5 dose group, and were given THD, 1/3 dose of ultrafine EGP and 1/5 dose of ultrafine EGP, respectively. The clinical efficacy of the three groups after one course of medication was comparatively analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in age, course of disease, symptom score before treatment, epigastric pain efficacy and syndrome curative effect among the three groups, the differences had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The severity, frequency and duration of epigastric pain were all reduced in the three groups, with significant differences between before and after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion There are no significant differences in the clinical efficacy on epigastric pain among THD, 1/3 dose of ultrafine EGP and 1/5 dose of ultrafine EGP. In addition, the effect of 1/3 dose group is very close to the THD group.

BACKGROUND: Allergic airway inflammation (AAI) is the pathological basis of pathogenesis of asthma. Manghua decoction, from Zhang Zhongjing's "On cold damage", is the basic recipe for treating asthma, its addminus recipe is widely used in clinic now.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mahuang decoction on allergic airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation SETTING: Staff Room of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong University of Pharmacy.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Animal Laboratory of Guangdong College of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Pathology, Guangdong University of Pharmacy from March 2003 to February 2004. Totally 36 mice were recruited.METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into normal control group, asthma group and treatment group, with 12 in each one. The mice in the control group were given intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mL of normal saline on day 1,7,14 and 21 separately. From 28th day, the mice were given intragastric administration of normal saline of 0.5 mL for 60 minutes followed by water spray(only normal saline ) for 30 minutes , for consecutive 7 days.The mice in the asthma group were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline of 0.2 mL containing egg albumin (10 μg) and aluminium hydroxide (20 mg) on day 1, 7, 14 and 21 separately. From 28th day, the mice were given intragastric administration of normal saline of 0.5 mL for 60 minutes followed by water spray (normal saline containing egg albumin of 50 g/L) for 30 minutes, for consecutive 7 days. Sensitization and stimulati on of the mice in the treatment group were the same as that in the asthma group. Intragastric administration of mahuang decoction of 0.5 mL was performed 60 minutes before spray. The procedure was conducted for consecutive 7 days. The pathologic change and the lung tissues expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) of the mice in each group were analyzed with hamatoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of airway infiltration cells and lung tissue IFN-γand IL-4 of the mice in each group RESULTS: Totally 36 mice entered the stage of result analysis with no loss in the midway. ① Inflammation of the mice relieved obviously in the treatment group than in the asthma group, and the number of the inflammatory cells in or around bronchi of the mice was significantly less in the treatment group than in the asthma group . ② The number of IL-4 and IFN-γ was significantly increased in the asthma group than in the normal control group, among which , the number of IL-4 was more significant, and the ratio of IFN-γ / IL-4 was decreased. However, the number of IL-4 on the treatment group was significantly decreased, and that of IFN-γ was remarkably increased , and the ratio of IFN-γ / IL-4 was significantly increased as compared with that in the asthma group.CONCLUSION: Asthmatic mice might exist the disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 subgroup. Mahuang decoction can improve the inflammation of bronchus,regulate the ratio of Th1/Th2, which might be one of the mechanism for treatment of asthma.

Traumatic splenic rupture treated by splenic arterial embolization not only can reserve spleen but also prevent spleen from continually bleeding,with promising clinical effect.The paper reviews most of the traumatic splenic rupture treated by splenic arterial embolization including the basic and clinical research in recent years.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of changes of platelet count after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Methods:In this study,from January 2002 to January 2006,the platelet count and liver function in 153 splenomegaly and hypersplenism due to cirrhosis patients who had been carried out splenectomy were selected.The change tendency of platelet count was observed,the relationship of changes of platelet count and liver function was analysed,and compared with patients of spleen trauma.Results:Postoperative platelet count was higher than preoperatively in most patients with cirrhosis,the portion did not elevate,even decreased.The change tendency of platelet count was correlated with the liver function.The change in cirrhosis patients is not more than patients of spleen trauma.Conclusions:The reason of thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis may be correlated with the change of liver function besides the splenomegaly.

Problem-based learning(PBL)teaching mode was applied in general surgery practice of the seven-year system externs.The externs were organized to analyze and discuss a real case,having grasped enough knowledge of relative diseases,and try to provide their advice about the diagnosis and treatment,and then their conclusions were verified by post-operational follow-up.PBL teaching mode can increase the students'study motivations and interests and the ability to resolve practical problems,master medical knowledge,train their clinical thinking and eventually pave a way to become qualified clinicians.

AIM: To develop a HPLC method to determine emodin and chrysophanol in Shierwei Chiyinkang Powder (Gypsumseu Calcitum, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Herba Asari, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii, Radix Gentianae, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, etc.). METHODS: The sample was made referring to China Pharmacopoeia(2000) and determined by HPLC. The separation was performed on a Shim pack CIC ODS column (150mm?5mm, 4.5?m) with a mobile phase of methanol 0.1% H 3PO 4 solution (40∶9). The flow rate was 1.3mL?min -1 and the detective wavelength was set at 254nm. RESULTS: The emodin and chrysophanol in sample were separated. The square linear ranges were 0.52～5.28?m?mL -1 ( r =0.9999) and 0.96～9.60?m?mL -1 ( r=0.9999 ), respectively, and the average recoveries were 98.62% and 98.57% for emodin and chrysophanol, respectively. CONCLUSION: This method is sensitive and accurate for the determination of emodin and chrysophanol in the sample.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)in chron-ic cor pulmonale of different period.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,we recruited 216 cases from heart and respiratory medicine(including outpatients and inpatients)of Qingyuan People 's Hosptial from April 2013 to December 2014.All the cases were divided into healthy control group(group A,n =48),cor pulmonale heart function compensatory period group(group B,n =43),cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C,n =45),the simple left heart failure group(D group,n =40)and the whole heart failure group(group E,n =40).The serum BNP value,pul-monary function,echocardiography were detected.We compared the differences amomg them with correlation analysis, and drew the ROC curves to obtain the best cutoff point.Results The BNP value was higher in group C(495.44 ± 219.90)ng/L than group B[(182.44 ±69.71)ng/L,P <0.001],while the value was higher in group D(882.57 ± 288.56)ng/L and E(891.78 ±256.45)ng/L than group C(P <0.001).In cor pulmonale groups,BNP was positive-ly correlated with RV,RVOT,and PASP,negatively correlated with FEV1 ,and not correlated with LVEF %.In group D and E,BNP was negatively correlated with LVEF %.The best cutoff point of BNP was 285.3ng/L between cor pul-monale heart function compensatory period group(group B)and cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C). The best cutoff point of BNP was 764.2ng/L between cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C)and the whole heart failure group(group E).Conclusion There is certain correlation between serum BNP level and the progress of chronic cor pulmonale.Dynamic monitoring of serum BNP level in the judgement of treating cor pulmonale is of certain reference significance.

Objective To investigate the relationship between C734A and G-2964A polymorphism of cytochrome P450 1A2 gene and clinical efficacy of duloxetine.Methods 223 patients with depression were treated with duloxetine for six weeks.The clinical efficacy was evaluated with the Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD) ;single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position C734A and G-2964A of CYP1A2 gene were identified with restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLPs) ;then one-way ANOVA was adopted to analyze the relationship between SNP and clinical efficacy.Results (1) In 223 patients,the frequency of allele A at locus 734 was 63.64％,while that of allele A at locus-2964 was 26.82％.(2) 220 patient underwent the whole treating course.The conjoint analysis of two locuses indicated that the decreasing ratio of HAMD score of high-activity group,middle-activity group and low-activity after treatment was (56.05± 10.13) ％,(66.36± 8.66) ％ and (73.82± 7.10) ％ respectively,the differences obtained by pairwise comparison of the three groups were of statistical significance(P＜0.01).Conclusion There is close relationship between C734A and G-2964A polymorphism of CYP1A2 gene and clinical efficacy of duloxetine in the treatment for depression.

Objective To analyze the differences in endoscopic and pathological features between colorectal serrated adenoma (SA) and colorectal traditional adenoma.Methods The endoscopic and pathological features of 80 cases of SA and 160 cases of traditional adenoma diagnosed from June 2008 to October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The SA patients were younger than the traditional adenoma patients (57.5 VS 62.3,P =0.003 8).The lesions of SA were mostly located in rectosigmoid colon (60％),while the traditional adenoma could be found in rectosigmoid colon (45％),ascending colon (20％) and descending colon (19％).There were significant differences in the lesion's location between two kinds of adenoma (P ＜ 0.05).There were no differences in gender,the size of lesion or endoscopic classification.In terms of the pathological features,SA had the serrated structure,whereas tubular,tubulovillous and villous structure were found in traditional adenoma.Cancer could be found in 1.9％ of SA,which was lower than that of traditional adenoma (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serrated adenoma is different from traditional adenoma on the patient's age,lesion's location and pathological features.It is an unique kind of adenoma with potential malignancy,which should be emphasized in clinical practice.