No abstract available.
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; T-Lymphocytes

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Fingers

Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness frequently developed in infants and children. This disease may involve coronary arteries in 15- 25% of the patients and may progress to coronary aneurysms, ischemic cardiac diseases, and sudden cardiac death. Recently we experienced successful balloon angioplasty followed by coronary stenting in a 15-year old boy with unstable angina and severe coronary arterial occlusive disease secondary to Kawasaki disease. He was diagnosed as unstable angina by 24 hours Holter monitoring, treadmill exercise stress test, echocardiography, and Dipyridamole 99mTc-sestamibi scan. And coronary angiogram revealed severe multiple stenosis and aneurysmal changes due to Kawasaki disease. We successfully performed a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stent implantation at left circumflex arterial occlusive lesion.
Adolescent ; Aneurysm ; Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Dipyridamole ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Exercise Test ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Infant ; Male* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Stents* ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is defined as atherosclerotic disease of infrarenal aorta or arteries of the lower extremities. PAD is a frequent but underdiagnosed and undertreated disease with substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, early recognition of PAD is crucial to initiation of therapy. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, inexpensive and noninvasive test to confirm the diagnosis of PAD and also provides risk stratification for the future cardiovascular events. Therefore, ABI should be measured in all patients with suspected PAD. Lifestyle adjustment and supervised exercise program are a major support for the therapy. Modification of treatable risk factors in conjunction with antiplatelet therapy improves cardiovascular outcomes. Cilostazol can be used as the first-line pharmacotherapy agent for the relief of claudication symptoms. Mechanical revascularization should be reserved for patients with critical limb ischemia or lifestyle limiting claudication. Remarkable technological advances in endovascular treatment have shifted revascularization strategies from traditional open surgery toward lower-morbidity percutaneous endovascular treatments. The novel therapies for increasing pain-free walking distance are under investigation. Above all, improved awareness and education in both primary physicians and the patients with cardiovascular risk factors can decrease morbidity and mortality secondary to atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Ankle Brachial Index ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Extremities ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Life Style ; Lower Extremity ; Oxalates ; Peripheral Arterial Disease ; Risk Factors ; Tetrazoles ; Vascular Diseases ; Walking

Although the carotid endarterectomy presently represents the standard therapeutic approach for most patients with significant carotid artery stenosis, a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stenting has become an alternative method for treating patients with co-mobid conditions, particulary coronary artery disease. A PTA with stenting has the potential for being safer, less traumatic, more cost-effective, and useful in patients at high surgical risk. As well, they are not limited to the cervical carotid artery. But it is reported that carotid angioplasty by femoral approach is difficult to do in 1 - 2% of patients with carotid stenosis due to abnormal origin of carotid artery or occlusion of femoral arteries. We succeeded in PTA with stenting of tight stenosis of right internal carotid artery through the transseptal approach in case of a sharply angled right brachiocephalic artery take-off from the aorta. The transseptal approach can be used for PTA with stenting in case of problems with femoral approach.
Angioplasty ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Carotid Stenosis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Stents*

We report on a patient with Behcet's syndrome who had two pseudoaneurysms at the junction of a saphenous vein graft and the native common carotid artery. He had experienced graft interposition due to the aneurysm rupture, but the saphenous vein was interpositioned due to the graft reobstruction. We successfully repaired the pseudoaneurysms with stent-graft.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False ; Behcet Syndrome* ; Carotid Artery Injuries* ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Humans ; Rupture ; Saphenous Vein ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Total occlusion of the infrarenal abdominal aorta is a very rare disease in clinical practice. The clinical outcome may be poor unless management is attempted promptly. Surgical bypass has been recommended as the treatment of choice for these lesions. However, there was relatively high surgical mortality and morbidity associad with aorto-bifemoral bypass graft in patients with other systemic disease, especially coronary artery disease. As a result, the use of, thrombolysis with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has recently been extended to this disease as an alternative method to surgery. PTA is technically simpler with less morbidity and mortality than surgery.We report our experience with thrombolysis and balloon angioplasty of total aortic occlusion in 14 patients between March 1991 and December 1996. METHODS: Fourteen patients, whose mean age was 59+/-13 years (11 male, 3 female), serve as the study's patients. Aortography was introduced via transbrachial artery. The end hole multipurpose catheter with guidewire was introduced into the thrombotic portion of the total occlusion. Urokinase was infused into the thrombus through the catheter if there were no contraindications. in sysremic thrombolysis. Thrombolytic therapy was continued until the thrombi was resolved and flow was restored. Balloon dilatation was followed in residual stenotic lesions. Stents were implanted in case of suboptimal results after ballooning. RESULTS: Clinical findings were resting leg pain in 6 patients, gangrene in 5 patients, and claudication in 3 patients. The causes of aortic occlusion were thromboembolism in 4 patients and thrombosis of an atherosclerotic aorta in 10 patients. Location of obstruction was below the renal artery in all cases. The clinical outcome of interventional therapy was successful in all cases except one patients. Operative treatment was undertaken in 2 cases because they could not received thrombolytic therapy due to contraindication and complication of thrombolytic therapy (gastrointestinal bleeding). Near normal revascularization was achieved in 3 patients by thrombolytic therapy only. PTA was performed at the stenotic after thrombolytic therapy in 4 patients. Stenting were performed at the stenotic sites after balloon dilatation in another 4 patients. There was bleeding complication in one case. CONCLUSIONS: Interventional therapy such as thrombolytic therapy with PTA is an effective and safe treatment modality for abdominal aortic total occlusion in selected cases. These techniques were very useful in some high risk patients who received surgical bypass procedures.
Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal* ; Aortography ; Arteries ; Catheters ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Dilatation ; Gangrene ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Mortality ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Artery ; Stents ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; Transplants ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Gallstone is a common disease with a prevalence of about 10%, but biliary ileus is a rare entity with a frequency of about 1% for all the symptomatic patients. We are reporting on a case of perforated terminal ileum that was due to gallstone, and this was without any associated intestinal obstruction or bilioenteric fistula. A 76 year old man presented with a history of jaundice and dark colored urine for a 3-month duration with no clinical features of intestinal obstruction. There was no past history of biliary tract disease. The abdominal radiograph demonstrated no biliary stones or classical findings of gallstone ileus, but there was a suspicion of cholangiocarcinoma. Laparotomy was performed. A perforation of terminal ileum was identified in the mesenteric border of the terminal ileum and adjacent to ileocecal valve, and it was wrapped by omentum. A small 1.5 cm sized stone was impacted in the mesentery at the site of the perforation. The perforation site was closed. Cholecystectomy and proximal common bile duct resection with Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy was then performed.
Aged ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cholecystectomy ; Choledochostomy ; Common Bile Duct ; Fistula ; Gallstones* ; Humans ; Ileocecal Valve ; Ileum* ; Ileus ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Jaundice ; Laparotomy ; Mesentery ; Omentum ; Prevalence

BACKGROUND: A stenosis of left main coronary artery has critical prognostic importance. Recent reports on successful left main stenting are now challenging traditional treatment patterns for this lesion. We evaluated recent four-year trends in incidence, clinical, angiographic findings and treatment modalities in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis(LMS). METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed as a significant LMS at Yonsei cardiovascular hospital between 1996 and 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The incidence of LMS during the period of 1996 to 1999 was 3.3%(n=24) and it was significantly higher than that of previous 15 years before 1996(p<0.01). The incidence of isolated ostial lesion was 0.28% and this lesion was more prevalent in young female patients with less risk factors compared with other types of LMS(p<0.01). After exclusion of the patients with an isolated ostial lesion, patients were grouped according to the lesion site: ostium, shaft, and shaft lesion extended to distal vessels. There were no differences in clinical and hemodynamic findings among these groups. Coronary artery bypass graft was performed in 141 patients(63%) and stent implantation in 16 patients(14%). CONCLUSION: The incidence of LMS has been increased. There was no difference in clinical and hemodynamic findings according to the types of LMS. Surgery is still a standard treatment, but in selected patients percutaneous coronary intervention can be another treatment option.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stents ; Transplants