Objective To explore the impact of partial or complete rupture of the tibiofibular syndesmosis on the biomechanical properties of the ankle joint.Methods Six fresh cadaveric specimens of adult ankle were used for creation of 3 models of tibiofibular syndesmosis.In model A,the medial and lateral ligaments of the ankle joint and the tibiofihular syndesmosis were intact.In model B,only the anterior lower tibiofibular ligament was broken.In model C,all inferior tibiofibular ligaments were broken.The 3 models were tested with an electronic pressure sensor in a BOSE material testing machine respectively at 5 positions:10° dorsal extension,20° inversion,20° eversion,20° plantar flexion,and neutral position.The peak values and locations of the compressive stresses of the 3 models at 5 positions were recorded.All the data were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Results Model A exhibited the smallest average stress at all the 5 positions,followed by model B and model C,with significant differences between groups (P ＜ 0.05).The locations of main compressive stress at the neutral position,10° dorsal extension,and 20° plantar flexion in model B and model C tended to expand outwards compared with model A,especially in model C.Conclusions Rupture of the anterior lower tibiofibular ligament and inferior tibiofibular ligaments may increase the compressive stress on the ankle joint,especially rupture of the inferior tibiofibular ligaments.The location of main compressive stress tends to expand outwards when the anterior lower tibiofibular ligament and inferior tibiofihular ligaments are broken,especially the inferior tibiofibular ligaments.

Materials Testing ; instrumentation ; Plastics ; chemistry ; Stress, Mechanical ; Temperature ; Water

Xanthan gum is a microbial, natural high molecular weight polysaccharide produced by a the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Due to its exceptional rheological properties, its numerous areas of application cover a broad range. This review focuses on various aspects of xanthan production, properties, degradation, and application.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the biological and molecular biological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae in burn patients in order to give the first hand information for preventing and controlling of hospital acquired infections.METHODS The identification was done by Bio-Merieux ATB expression.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed with K-B method.The plasmid DNA was extracted by Alkaline Lysis,and separated by electrophoresis on the gel.The ESBLs detection was based on NCCLS.RESULTS The K.pneumoniae from the burn patients and the environment were sensitive to CIP,FOX and IPM,but showed resistance to the rest 12 antibiotics.The plasmid DNA profile analysis showed 3 types,and the relative molecular mass was approximately 4.7?106,3.6?106 and 2.0?106.The molecular biological characteristics showed these pathogens were ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,which was different from the control bacteria.At the same time,the pathogens caused the original infection were detected,and they were accordingly Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pyogenes,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.CONCLUSIONS The outbreak in burn patients is caused by ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,which has the same antibiotic resistance spectrum and plasmid DNA profile.This ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae has the same origin.The pathogen might be transmitted by the case history clips and the door knobs.It was suggested that something must be done to enhance the antisepsis administration in order to prevent the hospital acquired infection.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) in articular cartilage defect repair in vivo.Methods The cylindrical,full-thick articular cartilage defects,(3.5 mm) in diameter,were made in the knee joints of 25 rabbits.rhGH of 0.1 U/kg was injected into the right knee joints 3 times a week for 4 weeks and equal volume of physiological saline to the left knee joints as control.The animals were killed respectively in 4,6,8,12,24 weeks,and the macroscopic,histologic and ultrastractural examinations were performed.Results The repairing process in experimental group was faster and better than that in the control.In the experimental groups,the defect was filled on week 4,the regenerated cartilage mainly in the shallow region and fibrous tissue in the deep region;on week 24,the regenerated tissue was morphologically close to the neighbour normal cartilage,hard to differentiate by macroscopy;Light microscopy showed the defect recovered to normal cartilage structure and the electron microscopy showed a large quantity of mature cartilage cells.In the control groups,the defect was of shallow introcession,mainly of fibrous tissue.The histological examination showed the significant difference between experimental and control groups(P

Objective:To evaluate of the feasibility of low-dose CT(LDCT)in the reconstruction of three-dimensional(3D)model of maxillofacial hard and soft tissues.Methods:Lightspeed 16-slice spiral CT scanner was used to scan one adult cadaveric head specimens with conventional parameters(280 mA)and low dose parameters(200,150,100,50,35,25,15 and 5 mA)respectively;the 3D model of the hard and soft tissues were reconstructed with Mimics 10.01 software,and 3D comparison were carried on with Geomagic 11.0 software.A comparison of the surface morphology of the hard and soft tissues of the 3D models with different scanning parameters was made.Results:With the reduction of the tube current,the model surface became rough gradually.Compared with the 280 mA scan results,the model surface produced by 35 mA scanning was still fairing,when the dose fell to less than 25 mA,the model surface became rough and the exact shape of the model could not be recognized.The same results of model surface were pro-duced after registration.Conclusion:The low-dose (35 mA)CT can be used to reconstruct 3D model of the maxillofacial hard and soft tissues.

Objective To investigate the status of the disease of the fluorosis and arsenism caused by coal-burning in Ankang city of Shaanxi. Methods Nine survey spots were chosen to carry out the epidemiological investigation of adult skeletal fluorosis and arsenism in the coal-polluted areas of Ankang, respectively using Determination of Fluorine in Coal (GB/T 4633-1997) to determine the coal fluorine and using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry(HCAFS) to determine coal arsenic. The diagnose of the adult skeletal fluorosis followed the Diagnosis of Clinical Classification for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis Standard(GB 16396-1996), that of arsenism using Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsensim (WS/T 211-2001). Results Totally 569 adults were investigated over the age of 16, among which 121 cases were skeletal fluorosis, with a total detection rate of 21.27%. Four cases of II degree and higher skeletal fluorosis patients were identified, accounting for 0.70% of the number of subjects. One hundred and thirty-two cases of arsenic poisonin were detected, in a rate of 23.20%. Ninety-five patients were identified with moderate or severe arsenic poisoning, accounting for 16.69% of subjects. A positive correlation was found between the detection rates of the skeletal fluorosis and the arsenism(r = 0.816, P < 0.01), as well as between the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis and fluoride content of coal(r = 0.775, P < 0.05). The detection rate of arsenism and arsenic content of coal also had close relationship (r = 0.761, P < 0.05). The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in the group aged 40 - ,50 - , and 60 - [27.20%(34/125) ,29.27%(36/123), 28.13%(36/128)] was increased, compared the group of less than 40 years age[7.77%( 15/193), X~2 = 21.969,25.648,23.856,P<0.01].For the detection rate of arsenism,male[33.67%(99/294)]was obviously higher than female[12.00%(33/275),)(X~2=37.162,P<0.01].Conclusions A high detection rate of fhorosis is correlated with arsenic poisoning,but the probability of the two diseases simultaneously occurred in a person is not high.In this polluted area.when fluoride accumulates to a certain level as in aduh,the detection rates no longer varies obviously;however,that of arsenism increases along with the age.

Objective To analyze the elonal gene rearrangement and complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) Repertoire of TCR β-chain in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Methods The TCR CDR3 region genes of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies were amplified by utilizing RT-PCR technology, and the CDR3 size lengths of TCR β-chain were analyzed with genesean technology for 4 healthy individuals and 4 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The clonality of T cells presumed by spectratyping was further confirmed by CDR3 sequencing. Results TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and only 1-4 TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were identified, respectively. Clonal expanded T cells, including mono, bioclonal and oligoclonal trend patterns, in one or more Vβ subfamilies were found in all cases. The mono expanded T cells have different CDR3 amino acid sequences. Conclusion Characteristic T cells cloning proliferation and selected usage of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were found in 4 cases with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are different.

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is considered as an important bone repairing materials due to its excellent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and remodellability, the study about its performance is still a hot topic in the field of bone tissue engineering. Premixed calcium phosphate cements (PCPC) has advantages that can save operatiion time,be convenient to the operation and preservation compared with the traditional way of immediately mixing calcium phosphate cement. PCCP has overcome the shortcomings of uneven and inadequate mixing, and can be arbitrarily remodeled according to the shape of defect, thus researches on PCCP has also become more and more interested
Bone Cements ; chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Solubility

Objective To explore the features of coronary artery morphological changes and left ventricular function indicators of resident population in plateau .Methods 50 plateau healthy adults and 50 plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volunteers completed coronary CTA examination .We measured the pipe diameter of left main coronary atery and right coronary artery and their branches ,respec‐tively .Furthermore ,SV and EF value of left ventricular cardiac function indexes and the wall thickening of free ventricular wall at left ventricular end systolic were measured .Results The average diameter of proximal right coronary of plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volun‐teers thicker than plateau group ,with statistical difference ;Other coronary artery branch did not exhibit any significant between‐group differences ;The two groups did not show significant between‐group differences with heart function indexes .Conclusion The body circulation system have adaptability and compensatory changes of resident population in plateau ,and their coronary artery mor‐phology and left ventricular function are as similar as plain people .