OBJECTIVE:To review drug use in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital.METHODS:1000pediatric prescriptions during Aug.1to Aug.20,2004and another1000during Aug.1to Aug.20,2005were collected from the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital,and which were subjected to statistical analysis using international indicators of rational drug use and DDDs.RESULTS:The usage of injection accounted for12.3%in2004and11.4%in2005.The usage of anti-infectives stood at84.20%in2005,accounting for46.11%of total drug consumption sum.Azithromycin and cefaclor respectively dominated the first place on the lists of consumption sum and DDDs.CONCLUSION:The practice of Prescription Management Rules(trial)helps improving the use of injections in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital.However,there are still many problems,which needs to be tackled in the application of anti-infectives and further intervention measures needs to be taken.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzenesulfonates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Pyridines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction

Objective To establish virtual three-dimensional instrument and cerebral aneurysm models by using three-dimensional moulding software,and to explore the effect of the models in interventional preoperative simulation.Methods The virtual individual models including cerebral arteries and aneurysms were established by using the three-dimensional moulding software of 3D Studio MAX R3 based on standard virtual cerebral aneurysm models and individual DSA image.The virtual catheter,guide wire,stent and coil were also established.The study of interventional preoperative simulation was run in personal computer,and included 3 clinical cases.Results The simulation results of the working angle and the moulding angle of the head of catheter and guide wire in 3 cases were identical with that of operation results. The simulation results of the requirement of number and size of coil in 1 case of anterior communicating aneurysm and 1 case of posterior communicating aneurysm were identical with that of operation results.The simulation results of coil for aneurysmal shape in 1 case of giant internal carotid artery aneurysm were more than 2 three-dimensional coils with size of 3mm?3 cm from the operation results,and the position of the second coil in aneurysmal neck was adjusted according to the results of real-time simulation.The results of retrospective simulation of operation procedure indicated that the simulation methods for regular and small aneurysms could become a routine simulation means but more simulation experience was needed to build up for the giant aneurysms.Conclusions The virtual three-dimensional instrument and cerebral aneurysm models established by the general software provided a new study method for neuro-interventional preoperative simulation,and it played an important guidance role in developing neuro- interventional operation.

Adult ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Fractures, Ununited ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Transplantation, Autologous

Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 was capable of secreting p-mannanase by konjac inducement. A 34 orthogonal design was applied to determine the optimum medium of inducing mannanase by Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098. The results suggested that Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 secreted the high-activity enzyme in the optimum medium, which was composed of 2% konjac, 1% peptone, 25% potato juice,0.3% KH2PO4,15% MgSO4?7H2O, 0.01% VitB1. Purified by DEAE-anion exchange chromatography, two eluting peaks (P1 and P2) with the p-mannanase activity were obtained, and one of them (named?-mannanase P2) was a single band by the SDS-PAGE, and the molecular weight of?-mannanase P2 was 78. 9kDa. The isoelectric point of?-mannanase P2 was estimated to be 4.0-4. 1. The optimum activity for the enzyme was found at 60℃and pH4. 0 - 6. 0, and the enzyme was stable between pH4. 5 - 6. 0. The activity of?-mannanase P2 were enhanced by Na+ and Ba2+ . This?-mannanase can be used in feed industy. a new fungi secreting?-mannanase was obtained, providing an important base for cloning mannanase gene and constructing recombin microbe expressing?-mannanase .

In vivo fast cyclic voltammetry (FCV) was used to investigate dopamine (DA) release from amygdala (Amy) of female rats in different phases of estrus cycle, ovaricectomized (OVX) rats and male rats. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry was employed to measure the numbers of immunoreactive neurons in ventral tegmental area (VTA) of midbrain in the rats. We also observed the effect of intracerebroventricular injection of phytoestrogen-soy isoflavones on DA release from the Amy. The results are as follows: DA release from the Amy of proestrus female rats was apparently higher than that in estrus, metaestrus, diestrus female rats and OVX rats. Amy DA release and the numbers of the TH immunoreactive neurons in VTA showed a significant sex difference. DA release from Amy of female and OVX rats increased significantly within 5 min after i.c.v injection of soy isoflavones, which elicited no effects in male rats. The above-mentioned results suggest that endogenous estrogen may play an important role in regulating the activity of DA neurons in mid-limbic systems, and that soy isoflavones exert an estrogen-like effect on the dopaminergic systems in the Amy.
Amygdala ; metabolism ; physiology ; Animals ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; physiology ; Female ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; physiology ; Ovariectomy ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; Phytoestrogens ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Soybeans ; chemistry ; Ventral Tegmental Area ; metabolism

Objective To explore the relativity of preoperative health status and perioperative com-plication incidence of aged patients. Methods The chnical data of 3108 old aged people (60 and above 60 years old)who were operated from January 2006 to November 2007 was retrospectively analysed. General e-valuated preoperative health status, and summarized perioperative complication incidence. Results Before operation, 68.7% patients had one or more coexist disease, 41.1% patients had two or more coexist dis-eases, 38.7% had three coexist diseases in the meantime. After operation,one or more complications oc-curred in 21.4% (666/3108)patients, 2.8% (88/3108) patients died because of heart,brain,lung, kidney function failure. Conclusions Aged patients have more coexist diseases, the complications and death rates are higher than those in younger patients. The complications are correlated with preoperative health status and coexist diseases. Some factors could influence the patients rehabilitation,such as heart,brain,lung, kidney function, water-electrolyte balance and blood glucose change.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the role of clinical pharmacists participating in successful treatment of critically ill children with Influenza A (H1N1). METHODS:Considering patients' conditions,clinical pharmacists participated in drug treatment in respect of pharmacokinetics,pharmacodynamics,drug interactions and adverse drug reactions and so on. RESULTS:Combining with advantages of grade three class A comprehensive hospital,medical treatments had been achieved by multidisciplinary corporation. The symptoms of children under critically care disappeared completely and all test indicators returned normal so that critically ill children were cured. CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacist is an important component of the medical team. Therefore,clinical pharmacists participating in clinical drug treatment can improve clinical efficacy and safety of drug treatment.

Objective To observe the changes of soluble L-selectin(sL-selectin) concentrations in children with viral encephalitis(VE) and probe its significance in pathogenesy and clinic.Methods Selecting 30 children with VE,including 14 mild case and 16 severe case.Collecting their venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in acute and recovery stage.Using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method to measure sL-selectin concentrations of serum and CSF and comparing with control group,respectively.Results SL-selectin concentrations from serum and CSF in the acute stage were significantly higher than those of control group(all P0.05).Conclusions L-selectin may participate in the pathologic course in VE.The concentrations of sL-selectin from serum and CSF are related with the patients′ condition and it has important reference value in judging patients′ condition,assessing their prognose and guiding clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the unique relationship between Willis circle and cerebral watershed infarction in a Chinese population. Methods A retrospective analysis of cerebral CT angiography was conducted in 471 non-cere?bral watershed infarctions and 93 MRI-diagnosed cerebral watershed infarctions (CWI)(including External CWI and In?ternal CWI)in Department of Neurology of our hospital and compare the related variations and types of Willis circle be?tween these groups. Results Compared with non-cerebral watershed infarctions, the prevalence of Uni-FTP (short for“fetal type of the Posterior cerebral artery”) in E-CWI (36.4%, P<0.05) and Bi-FTP in I-CWI (0%, P<0.05) was signifi?cantly higher in cerebral watershed infarctions. Conclusion FTP is probably an unique risk factor in Chinese patients with CWI.