Corneal refractive surgery has been the major solution for the correction of ametropia.With the standardization of preoperative examination,intraoperative procedure and perioperative drugs,corneal refractive surgery has become much safer.Meanwhile,patients can get not only good visual acuity,but also favorable visual quality.However,the patient satisfaction has not been improved dramatically with the enhance of effectiveness and safety after surgery.Increase of the satisfaction degree to corneal refractive surgery is related to multiple factors such as experienced and highly skilled operation,operative safety,lessening operative complication,good postoperative visual and life quality of patients.Comprehensively analyzing existing problems in corneal refractive surgery in China and further obtain satisfaction of patient will be of an important significance for the healthy development of laser corneal refractive surgery.

Objective:A study was conducted to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of endostar combined with peme-trexed in elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods:Sixty advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ⅢB-Ⅳ) patients who never received any therapy were included. The patients were divided into two groups. One group comprised endostar treatment com-bined with pemetrexed (26 cases of males, 15 cases of females, and 11 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old), and the other group comprised pemetrexed only (34 cases of males, 20 cases of female, and 14 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old). The two groups were treated for 4 to 6 cycles, and evaluation of treatments was performed every two cycles. Results:The endostar group was re-treated for 80 cycles, and the average cycle was 3.1. The group without endostar was re-treated for 115 cycles. The short-term effects are as follows. The total effective rates (RRs) in the experimental and control groups were 23.1%and 14.7%, re-spectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) was not significantly different (P>0.05). For pleural effusion, RR and DCR were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). In the experimental group, compared with PD, the microvessel density (MVD) in the DCR showed higher expression, and a statistically signif-icant difference (P=0.03) was observed. In the control group, compared with PD, the MVD in the DCR also showed higher expression, but no significant difference (P=0.73) was observed. The long-term effects were as follows: median progression-free survival (PFS), median survival, and side effects between the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Endostar combined with pemetrexed showed increase in total efficiency in elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and malignant pleural effusion was controlled without increasing the toxicity of chemotherapy. MVD can be used as a predictor of Endostar application.

Objective To observe the function of kidney compromised and histopathological changes of renal tissue in heatstroke rats under the dry-heat atmosphere of desert in order to find the mechanism for provide a rationale of clinical treatment.Methods Forty-eight anaesthetized rats were divided into six groups (n =8 in each group):mild heatstroke group with its control group,moderate heatstroke group with its control group,and severe heatstroke group with its control group.The rats of three heatstroke groups were placed in a dry-heat environment prolonged with 41 ℃ and 10％ humidity,and the three control groups were placed in a room temperature prolonged with 25 ℃ and 35％ humidity.At heatstroke status of each group,arterial blood samples were collected from each group for testing creatine kinase (CK),creatinine (CREAT),uric acid (UA) and urea,kidney tissues and muscle tissues were taken for pathological examinations.Results Pathological examination showed dilatation and congestion of vessels,thrombosis,bleeding,protein casts and endothelium injury were found in the heatstroke rats.In mild heatstroke,the pathological changes mainly manifested as dilatation and congestion of vessels ; in moderate one,the changes mainly manifested as thrombosis; and in severe one,changes mainly manifested as bleeding and protein casts.Muscle tissues presented rhabdomyolysis,especially in severe one.The differences in biomarkers between three different degrees of heatstroke showed statistical significance (CK:F =136.204,P =0.000;CREAT:F =172.865,P=0.000; UA:F=546.454,P=0.000; urea:F=73.823,P=0.000).There was no significant difference in UA between mild heatstroke group and its control group (t =1.943 ;P =0.072),and the differences in rest biomarkers showed statistical significance between each heatstroke group and its control group (P =0.000).Conclusions The kidney injury developed during heatstroke in dry-heat environment of desert suggests that we should be alert to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC),myolysis and acute kidney failure,and should monitor the blood biochemical changes closely and treat it energetically,rescuing a heatstroke patient in dry-heat environment of desert.

The background, ideas of innovation and implementation process of the comprehensive experiment "separation and purification of lysozyme" was introduced. By the comprehensive experiment, the separate experiment content of the course of downtown engineering of biotechnology was reformed and the interest of students were greatly inspired. This work have a certain reference value to other medical schools for the innovation of the experiment teaching system of downtown engineering of biotechnology.

The purpose of this study is to find out anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT)/protease (PR) activity and inhibition of virus replication in cell cultures of novel coumarin analogs and determine their structure-activity relationship. Coumarin derivatives have been demonstrated to inhibit the activity of HIV-1 RT/PR in cell free system. It also shows inhibition effects to HIV-1 replication in cell culture. Based on the Chinese traditional pharmacological characteristics and protein three dimension computer aided design, analogs of tetracyclic dipyranocoumarin were synthesized from natural leading compounds. We studied the relationship of antiviral effects and chemical structures via HIV-1 PR/RT enzyme models and cell culture model system. Seven compounds were designed and tested. Several compounds showed anti-HIV-1 activity in varying degrees, especially V0201 showed much higher anti-HIV-1 activity with 3.56 and 0.78 micromol x L(-1) of IC50 against HIV-1 PR/RT and 0.036 micromol x L(-1) against HIV-1 replication in PBMC cultures. V0201 with a novel structure may be a new leading compound. These new compounds are valuable for development of new anti-HIV drugs in the future.

Objective To evaluate the effect of recombinant human annexin A5 on the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase C alpha (p-PKCα) and p120-catenin during endotoxin-induced damage to cardiomyocytes.Methods H9c2 cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),endotoxin group (group L),and recombinant human annexin A5 group (group A).Recombinant human annexin A5 (final concentration 5 ng/ml) was added,and the cells were incubated for 2 h in group A,and then lipopolysaccharide (final concentration 1 μg/ml) was added,and the cells were incubated for 4 h in L and A groups.At 4 h of incubation,cell apoptosis was detected using the cell apoptosis detection kit,the intercellular space was measured using the confocal microscopy,and the expression of p-PKCα and p120-catenin was determined by Western blot.The apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the apoptosis rate was significantly increased,the intercellular space was significantly widened,the expression of p120-catenin was significantly down-regulated,and the expression of p-PKCα was significantly up-regulated in group L (P＜0.05).Compared with group L,the apoptosis rate and intercellular space were significantly decreased,the expression of p120-catenin was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p-PKCα was significantly down-regulated in group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human annexin A5 can inhibit phosphorylation of PKCα and up-regulate the expression of p120-catenin,thus attenuating endotoxin-induced damage to cardiomyocytes.

Objective To explore the value of detection of systemic and local oxidation antioxidation level of ascites in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.Methods Thirty-five patients with malignant ascites hospitalized in the Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang from December 2012 to November 2013 as the malignant ascites, and 35 cases of benign ascites as the control group.The ascites of malignant ascites group and plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level of two group were detected by ferric ion reduction method.Plasma malonaldehyde (MDA) level of two group were detected by thiobarbituric acid content assay.Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) and tumor associated lymphocytes (TALS) in ascites were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation,the DNA damage of PBMCs and TALS were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) , expressed in the tailing rate.The value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites was judged according to the analysis of above indexes.Results (1) The difference analysis : the levels of T-AOC in plasma in malignant ascites group was (9.26 ± 1.88)mM, significantly lower than that in benign ascites group((11.26± 1.78) mM, t =16.520,P =0.000);T-AOC levels of malignant ascites group ascites was (6.59± 1.38) mM, significantly lower than the plasma levels of T-AOC ((9.22± 1.86) mM, t =13.869, P =0.000);the MDA level of malignant ascites group was (6.26± 1.83) nM, significantly higher than that of serum benign ascites((3.26±1.12) nM,t=18.267,P=0.000);tailing rate of PBMCS in malignant ascites group was (17.9 ± 6.7) ％, significantly higher than that in benign ascites group ((9.6 ± 5.3) ％, P＜ 0.01);tailing rate of TALS in malignant ascites group was (442.6± 10.8) ％, significantly higher than that of PBMCS ((17.2±6.1)％ ,P＜0.01).(2)The correlation analysis: there was a negative correlation between plasma T-AOC and MDA in malignant ascites group (r =-0.518, P ＜ 0.01), tailing rate of T-AOC and TALS ascites (r =-0.566,P＜0.01) ,tailing rate of plasma T-AOC and PBMCS(t =-0.472,P＜0.01);there was a positive correlation between the tailing rate of plasma MDA and PBMCS (r =0.476, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the malignant ascites group, there is oxidative stress in the whole body and the ascites, and the local oxidative stress in the ascites is more obvious.The sensitivity and accuracy of the diagnosis of malignant ascites can be increases by detected by the detection of the local oxidation resistance of the whole body and the ascites.

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule-medicated serum on mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell line bEnd .3 with hypoxic injury .METHODS:The Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule group .The serum was collected at the 7th day after drug administration . The bEnd.3 cells were divided into normal group , hypoxia serum model group and Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule serum group . After administration of the medicated serum , bEnd.3 cell were treated with hypoxia for 6 h.The cell morphology was ob-served under microscope , the apoptosis rate and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry , and the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) were detected by ELISA .RESULTS:Compared with other groups, Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule-medicated serum significantly resisted the injury caused by hypoxia , obviously improved the morphology of bEnd .3 cells, significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by hypoxia , and effectively in-hibited the occurrence of hypoxia-induced G1/S phase arrest in the bEnd.3 cells.At the same time, the medicated serum inhibited MDA production , and increased SOD activity .CONCLUSION: Huoxue-Dingxuan capsule attenuates hypoxia-induced bEnd .3 cell damage by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of cells and inhibiting cell apoptosis .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistance and the distribution of the main ?-lactamases encoding gene in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from four hospitals in Hangzhou city to provide the basic data for the optional treatment of A.baumannii infection.METHODS The identification of A.baumannii was performed using VITEK-AMS60.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) was examined by agar dilution and E-test.The homology of the resistant isolates was finished by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).PCR and sequencing were used to analyze the ?-lactamases encoding gene of the 36 strains of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii.RESULTS All of the imipenem-resistant isolates produced carbapenemase OXA-23,and 5 isolates produced PER-1,2 isolates produced TEM-1 except OXA-23.No metallo-?-lactamases were detected.No plasmid was extracted.Clone transmission of the imipenem-resistant strains existed in the 4 hospitals.Most strains were isolated from intensive care unit(ICU). CONCLUSIONS The clone transmission of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii strains is occurred in 4 hospitals.All strains produce carbapenemase OXA-23.Five strains also produce PER-1 type extended-spectrum ?-lactamases.Two strains also produce TEM-1 type extended-spectrum ?-lactamases.

The traditional Chinese medicine (Tripterygium wilfordiiHook.f.,TWH) has been clinically used to treat primary and secondary renal diseases and proteinuria for nearly 40 years.However,there is a rare literature about the effect of triptolide (the main active ingredient of TWH) on the expression of oxidative carbonyl protein (OCP) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).This study aimed to provide experimental evidence for triptolide treatment on DN through its effect on the expression of OCP,in order to investigate the effects of triptolide on the expression of OCP in rats with DN.Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,high-dose triptolide (Th) group,low-dose triptolide (T1) group,DN model group,and positive control (benazepril) group.The DN model was established using streptozotocin.Urinary protein excretion,fasting blood glucose (FBG),superoxide dismutase (SOD) in renal homogenate,malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal homogenate and renal nitrotyrosine by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of OCP by oxyblotimmune blotting were detected.In the DN model group,rat urinary protein excretion and renal MDA were significantly increased,while renal SOD significantly decreased and nitrotyrosine expression was obviously upregulated in the kidney.After triptolide treatment,24-h urinary protein excretion (61.96±19.00 vs.18.32±4.78 mg/day,P＜0.001),renal MDA (8.09±0.79 vs.5.45±0.68 nmol/L,P＜0.001),and nitrotyrosine expression were decreased.Furthermore,renal OCP significantly decreased,while renal SOD (82.50±19.10 vs.124.00±20.52 U/L,P＜0.001) was elevated.This study revealed that triptolide can down-regulate the expression of OCP in the renal cortex of DN rats.