Corneal refractive surgery has been the major solution for the correction of ametropia.With the standardization of preoperative examination,intraoperative procedure and perioperative drugs,corneal refractive surgery has become much safer.Meanwhile,patients can get not only good visual acuity,but also favorable visual quality.However,the patient satisfaction has not been improved dramatically with the enhance of effectiveness and safety after surgery.Increase of the satisfaction degree to corneal refractive surgery is related to multiple factors such as experienced and highly skilled operation,operative safety,lessening operative complication,good postoperative visual and life quality of patients.Comprehensively analyzing existing problems in corneal refractive surgery in China and further obtain satisfaction of patient will be of an important significance for the healthy development of laser corneal refractive surgery.

Objective:A study was conducted to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of endostar combined with peme-trexed in elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods:Sixty advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ⅢB-Ⅳ) patients who never received any therapy were included. The patients were divided into two groups. One group comprised endostar treatment com-bined with pemetrexed (26 cases of males, 15 cases of females, and 11 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old), and the other group comprised pemetrexed only (34 cases of males, 20 cases of female, and 14 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old). The two groups were treated for 4 to 6 cycles, and evaluation of treatments was performed every two cycles. Results:The endostar group was re-treated for 80 cycles, and the average cycle was 3.1. The group without endostar was re-treated for 115 cycles. The short-term effects are as follows. The total effective rates (RRs) in the experimental and control groups were 23.1%and 14.7%, re-spectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) was not significantly different (P>0.05). For pleural effusion, RR and DCR were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). In the experimental group, compared with PD, the microvessel density (MVD) in the DCR showed higher expression, and a statistically signif-icant difference (P=0.03) was observed. In the control group, compared with PD, the MVD in the DCR also showed higher expression, but no significant difference (P=0.73) was observed. The long-term effects were as follows: median progression-free survival (PFS), median survival, and side effects between the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Endostar combined with pemetrexed showed increase in total efficiency in elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and malignant pleural effusion was controlled without increasing the toxicity of chemotherapy. MVD can be used as a predictor of Endostar application.

Objective To observe the function of kidney compromised and histopathological changes of renal tissue in heatstroke rats under the dry-heat atmosphere of desert in order to find the mechanism for provide a rationale of clinical treatment.Methods Forty-eight anaesthetized rats were divided into six groups (n =8 in each group):mild heatstroke group with its control group,moderate heatstroke group with its control group,and severe heatstroke group with its control group.The rats of three heatstroke groups were placed in a dry-heat environment prolonged with 41 ℃ and 10％ humidity,and the three control groups were placed in a room temperature prolonged with 25 ℃ and 35％ humidity.At heatstroke status of each group,arterial blood samples were collected from each group for testing creatine kinase (CK),creatinine (CREAT),uric acid (UA) and urea,kidney tissues and muscle tissues were taken for pathological examinations.Results Pathological examination showed dilatation and congestion of vessels,thrombosis,bleeding,protein casts and endothelium injury were found in the heatstroke rats.In mild heatstroke,the pathological changes mainly manifested as dilatation and congestion of vessels ; in moderate one,the changes mainly manifested as thrombosis; and in severe one,changes mainly manifested as bleeding and protein casts.Muscle tissues presented rhabdomyolysis,especially in severe one.The differences in biomarkers between three different degrees of heatstroke showed statistical significance (CK:F =136.204,P =0.000;CREAT:F =172.865,P=0.000; UA:F=546.454,P=0.000; urea:F=73.823,P=0.000).There was no significant difference in UA between mild heatstroke group and its control group (t =1.943 ;P =0.072),and the differences in rest biomarkers showed statistical significance between each heatstroke group and its control group (P =0.000).Conclusions The kidney injury developed during heatstroke in dry-heat environment of desert suggests that we should be alert to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC),myolysis and acute kidney failure,and should monitor the blood biochemical changes closely and treat it energetically,rescuing a heatstroke patient in dry-heat environment of desert.

The background, ideas of innovation and implementation process of the comprehensive experiment "separation and purification of lysozyme" was introduced. By the comprehensive experiment, the separate experiment content of the course of downtown engineering of biotechnology was reformed and the interest of students were greatly inspired. This work have a certain reference value to other medical schools for the innovation of the experiment teaching system of downtown engineering of biotechnology.

The purpose of this study is to find out anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT)/protease (PR) activity and inhibition of virus replication in cell cultures of novel coumarin analogs and determine their structure-activity relationship. Coumarin derivatives have been demonstrated to inhibit the activity of HIV-1 RT/PR in cell free system. It also shows inhibition effects to HIV-1 replication in cell culture. Based on the Chinese traditional pharmacological characteristics and protein three dimension computer aided design, analogs of tetracyclic dipyranocoumarin were synthesized from natural leading compounds. We studied the relationship of antiviral effects and chemical structures via HIV-1 PR/RT enzyme models and cell culture model system. Seven compounds were designed and tested. Several compounds showed anti-HIV-1 activity in varying degrees, especially V0201 showed much higher anti-HIV-1 activity with 3.56 and 0.78 micromol x L(-1) of IC50 against HIV-1 PR/RT and 0.036 micromol x L(-1) against HIV-1 replication in PBMC cultures. V0201 with a novel structure may be a new leading compound. These new compounds are valuable for development of new anti-HIV drugs in the future.

Animals ; Chickens ; physiology ; Eating ; drug effects ; Injections, Intraventricular ; methods ; Neuropeptide Y ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

ObjectiveTo study the role and mechanism of low-dose aspirin with IFN-α in inhibiting growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsMHCC97L cells were cultured and a metastatic model of human HCC was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human HCC tissue into the liver of nude (nu/nu) mice.After administration of different doses of Aspirin and IFN-α for 40 days,the mice bearing xenografts in liver were killed,and the tumor volume and lung metastasis were evaluated.Cell proliferation and MMP-2 activity were measured by MTT and gelatin zymography,respectively.The expressions of VEGF and MMP-2 were measured by western blot and ELISA.ResultsCompared to the control group,there were no significant differences in the high-dose Aspirin [45 mg/(kg · d)] treated group regarding tumor volume [(1.89 ±0.88) cm3 vs (3.12±0.85) cm3,P＞0.05] and incidence of lung metastases (58.3％ vs 66.7％,P＞0.05),but the tumor volume and incidence of lung metastasis were significantly inhibited in the highdose IFN-α group [1.5 × 107/(kg · d)],the high-dose IFN-α combined with high-dose Aspirin group,and the low-dose IFN-α [7.5 × 106 / (kg · d) ] combined with low-dose Aspirin [15 mg/(kg · d] group (P＜0.05).2 mmol/L Aspirin did not inhibit the proliferation of MHCC97 cells (P＞0.05),but inhibited the activities and expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF.Low-dose IFN-α combined with low-dose Aspirin significantly decreased the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF in nude mice (P＜0.05).ConclusionLow-dose Aspirin combined with low-dose IFN-α significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of HCC through suppressing the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF.

ObjectiveTo study changes of molecular markers of prothrombotic state:Platelet granule membrane protein ( GMP-140 ),Von Willebrand factor ( vWF:Ag),thrombomodulin (TM),Two-D dimer ( DD),antithrombin Ⅲ ( AT- Ⅲ ) in plasma and puerarin for treatment functions of acute pancreatitis (AP).MethodsIn 78 patients with AP [ severe acute pancreatitis (SAP):26 cases,mild acute pancreatitis (MAP):52 cases ],using a random number table,the patients were given puerarin treated base (n =40) and conventional treated base group (n =38 ).The two groups were given fast,continuous gastrointestinal decompression,correction of electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders,vein support,antisecretory drugs,antibiotics inhibit pancreatic secretion and inhibition of trypsin activity of drug treatment.Puerarin group:Puerarin injection 0.5 g in 5％glucose injection intravenous infusion of 500 ml,1 time a day.GMP-140 vWF:Ag,TM,DD were measured by the methods of analysis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and AT-Ⅲ was measured by the methods of analysis of chromogenic substrate method preformed in all patients,plasma amylase and uric amylase were determined by the method of somogyi and after the treatment.And 22 healthy people were selected as normal controls ( NC,Group C,n =22).ResultsCompared with the Group C and MAP,the plasma GMP-140 [ ( 86.26 ± 15.28 )ng/Lvs (32.56 ± 18.17) ng/L and (58.68 ± 15.86)ng/L],vWF[(236.22 ±31.78)％vs (95.12 ±31.68)％ and (126.68 ± 17.06)％ ],TM [(65.70 ± 12.27) μg/L vs (4.26 ±0.92) μg/L and (9.80 ± 6.98) μg,/L],DD [ (0.87 ±0.04) mg/L vs (0.36 ±0.06) mg/L and (0.56 ±0.05) mg/L] were significantly elevated,however the AT-Ⅲ [ (56.13 ± 15.78) U/ml vs (98.76 ±22.68) U/ml and (80.38 ± 18.29)U/ml )was significantly decreased SAP ( P ＜ 0.01 ).There were significant differences on the levels of GMP-140 [ (31.52 ± 15.81 ) ng/L vs (59.62 ± 13.73 ) ng/L,t =- 23.283 ],vWF [ ( 93.32 ± 28.62) ％ vs ( 128.81 ±16.23)％,t=-28.205,P＜0.01 ],TM[ (4.36 ± 0.82) μg,/L vs (11.23 ± 7.62)μg/L,t =-43.419,P ＜0.001],DD[ (0.32 ±0.05) mg/L vs (0.68 ±0.04) mg/L,t =- 15.642,P ＜0.001],AT-Ⅲ ((97.68 ±21.69) U/ml vs (76.86 ± 17.92) U/m,t =14.967,P ＜ 0.01 ) between puerarin treated base group and conventional treated base group.Comparing with treated base,the group given puerarin obviously shortened the increased of plasma [ ( 81.26 ± 17.12) U/L vs ( 119.63 ± 51.87 ) U/L,t =- 7.618,P ＜ 0.001 ],uric amylase [ (416.37 ± 116.50) U/L vs (576.32 ± 126.58) U/L,t =- 36.659,P ＜ 0.001 ],the time of abdominal pain relief and therapy to spend [ ( 2.18 ± 0.76 ) d vs ( 5.26 ± 0.58 ) d,t =- 13.619,P ＜ 0.001 ].Conclusion The molecular markers of prothrombotic state:GMP-140,vWF:Ag,TM,DD,AT- Ⅲ might all play key roles in the development of AP.Puerarin can improve the pancreatic microcirculation and adjust molecular markers of prothrombotic state,and had certain treatment functions with AP.

ObjectiveTo study the changes of the plasma thrombomodulin(TM) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels and their clinical significance associated with the extent and severity of acute ischemie colitis.MethodsThe plasma TM and vWF levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 46 patients with acute ischemic colitis (acute ischemic colitis group),42 patients with ulcerative colitis (ulcerative colitis group) and 40 healthy subjects (control group).ResultsThe plasma TM was (49.6 ±2.3) μg/L,and vWF was(198.8 ±8.9)％ in acute ischemic colitis group.The plasma TM was (38.2 ± 3.8) μ g/L,and vWF was ( 162.6 ± 7.6)％ in ulcerative colitis group.The plasma TM was (23.8 ±2.3) μg/L,and vWF was ( 116.7 ± 6.2)％ in control group.The plasma TM and vWF levels in acute ischemic colitis group were higher than those in ulcerative colitis group and control group (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).The plasma TM and vWF levels in ulcerative colitis group were higher than those in control group (P＜ 0.05).The plasma TM levels[(49.9 ± 0.3 ) μg/L] and vWF [(210.6 ± 8.2 ) ％] in all colon disease were higher than those in partial colon disease (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe changes of plasma TM and vWF levels can be used as one of the indicators for assessment of the development and the prognosis of acute ischemic colitis.

The traditional Chinese medicine (Tripterygium wilfordiiHook.f.,TWH) has been clinically used to treat primary and secondary renal diseases and proteinuria for nearly 40 years.However,there is a rare literature about the effect of triptolide (the main active ingredient of TWH) on the expression of oxidative carbonyl protein (OCP) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).This study aimed to provide experimental evidence for triptolide treatment on DN through its effect on the expression of OCP,in order to investigate the effects of triptolide on the expression of OCP in rats with DN.Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,high-dose triptolide (Th) group,low-dose triptolide (T1) group,DN model group,and positive control (benazepril) group.The DN model was established using streptozotocin.Urinary protein excretion,fasting blood glucose (FBG),superoxide dismutase (SOD) in renal homogenate,malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal homogenate and renal nitrotyrosine by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of OCP by oxyblotimmune blotting were detected.In the DN model group,rat urinary protein excretion and renal MDA were significantly increased,while renal SOD significantly decreased and nitrotyrosine expression was obviously upregulated in the kidney.After triptolide treatment,24-h urinary protein excretion (61.96±19.00 vs.18.32±4.78 mg/day,P＜0.001),renal MDA (8.09±0.79 vs.5.45±0.68 nmol/L,P＜0.001),and nitrotyrosine expression were decreased.Furthermore,renal OCP significantly decreased,while renal SOD (82.50±19.10 vs.124.00±20.52 U/L,P＜0.001) was elevated.This study revealed that triptolide can down-regulate the expression of OCP in the renal cortex of DN rats.