Incidence of thyroid cancer has continuously increased in the last three decades globally. A similar trend of thyroid cancer incidence appeared in China. New cases and deaths of thyroid cancer in China accounted for 15.6% and 13.8% of the global new cases and deaths in 2012. The incidence in East China was the highest while that in Middle China was the lowest. Thyroid cancer was more common in urban areas than in rural counterparts. The incidence was substantially higher in female patients than male. Thyroid cancer occurred most commonly in middle age. Radiation exposure, iodine suffciency or deifciency, sex hormone and genetic mutations were risk factors for thyroid cancer. To prevent it, potassium iodide should be taken to prevent radiation fallout in nuclear accidents, unnecessary exposure to radiation from medical imaging is reduced, iodine surveillance system is improved and appropriate standards for iodized salt are established.

Objective To study the features and its effect factors of T lymphocyte apoptosis in preterm neonates. Methods The susceptibility to apoptosis of T lymphocytes were determined in 30 full-term neonates and 19 preterm neonates by percentage calculation of apoptosis cell and DNA fragmentation analysis. The expression of CD 25 and CD 38 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the volume of IL-2 and IL-6 produced by lymphocytes incubated for 48 h was determined by immunofluorescence procedure and ELISA. Results T lymphocyte apoptosis was easier in preterm(27.2?2.7)%,(34.8?3.9)% than in full-term neonates(21.1?1.4)%,(27.9?2.3)% at incubating 24 h, 48 h(t=10.547,7.789;P

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 64-slice computed tomography with MinIP and MPR for imaging the bronchus related to a solitary pulmonary lesion (SPL). Methods Seventy-five subjects with solitary pulmonary lesions underwent chest 64-slice CT and their bronchi were analyzed retrospectively. All images of thin-section (0.625 mm) were reconstructed with MPR and MinIP into images of 1, 2, 3, and 5 mm thickness and 1 mm gap in two orthogonal planes along the long axis of bronchus related to the SPL. The image quality of four series of MinIP and MPR images was evaluated in the aspect of bronchus visibility and pulmonary vascular masking. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and interclass correlation coefficient were used in the statistical analysis. Results (1) The mean scores of display of the bronchi on MinIP images of four series (4.85, 4.77 and 4.84, 4.63 and 4.67, 4.25 and 4.28, in 1, 2, 3, and 5 mm thickness, respectively) and on MPR images of 1 or 2 mm thickness (4.77 and 4.76, 4.04 and 4.27, in 1 and 2 mm thickness, respectively) were good or excellent. MPR images of 1 mm thickness and MinIP images of 1-3 mm thickness showed no significant differences (t=0.318, P> 0.05 for all), but they were superior to MinIP images of 5 mm thickness (t=6.318 and 6.610, P＜0.01). MPR images of 2 mm thickness were inferior to MinIP images of 1-3 mm thickness (t=5.003-8.958, P＜0.01), but there was no significant difference between MPR images of 2 mm thickness and MinIP images of 5 mm thickness (t=1.794 and 0.3181, all P> 0.05). (2) The effect of suppression of pulmonary vascular markings on MinIP images was better with the increase of slice thickness (F=45.312 and 40.415, P＜0.01). The mean scores of MinIP images of 3 mm and 5 mm thickness (4.67 and 4.64, 5.00 and 4.97, for 3 and 5 mm thickness, respectively) were good or excellent, but MinIP images of 2 mm thickness were just acceptable. Conclusion MinIP images of 3 mm thickness may display the bronchus related to SPL more clearly.

Trehalose, a compatible solute, is widely used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products and organ transplantation. Nowadays, trehalose is mostly produced by enzymatic synthesis with many secondary products and lowpurity. In this study, high amount of trehalose was produced by recombinant E. ccli fermentation. First, a bifunctional trehalose gene TPSP was amplified from genome of C. hutchinscoii. Second, an expression vector pTac-HisA containing TPSP was constructed and transformed into the host E. coli. Expression of this bifunctional enzyme-TPSP converted glucose to trehalose. The result suggested that TPSP from C. hutchinsonji has been successfully expressed in E. ccoi. High amount of extracellular trehalose generated from glucose by whole-cell catalysis and After optimization, the production of trehalose in shake flasks was improved to 1.2 g/L and the relative conversion rate reached 21%. The production in bioreactor reached 13.3 g/L and the relative conversion rate reached 48.6%. It is the first time to realize the functional expression of the bifunctional enzyme-TPSP of C. hutchinsonii in E. coli and achieved the conversion form glucose to trehalose. This study laid a foundation for industrial large-scale production of trehalose.
Bioreactors ; Catalysis ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Glucose ; Glucosyltransferases ; Industrial Microbiology ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; Trehalose ; biosynthesis

Objective To explore the rules of early pregnancy related hormone changes in different pregnancy outcomes.Methods Three hundred and fourteen women at early pregnancy women were selected as our subjects.And they were followed up until 3 months of gestation.chemiluminescence analysis was used to test serum human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG),progesterone,estradiol and testosterone levels all pregnant women.According to the pregnancy outcome,clinical symptom and body mass index,all subjects were divided into normal and abnormal group.Results Among 314 cases of early pregnancy women,the normal pregnancy group was 53.18％ (167/314) and the abnormal pregnancy were 46.82％ (147/314).While in abnormal pregnancy group,women with the threatened abortion and continues pregnancy were 102 cases(69.39％),with inevitable abortion group were 29 cases (19.73％),and with embryos diapauses were 16 cases (10.88％).Serum estradiol level of cases in normal pregnancy group was (3104.6 ± 1507.1) pmol/L,higher than that in threatened abortion and continues pregnancy,threatened abortion group and inevitable abortion group((2 361.0 ±1 057.9) pmol/L,(1 250.0 ±624.5) pmol/L,(1 465.7 ±724.4) pmol/L)),and the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).In normal pregnancy group,the level of serum β-HCG,estradiol and testosterone were positively correlated with gestational age (r =0.57,0.62 and 0.24 ; P ＜ 0.05).However,progesterone levels had no correlation with gestational age (r =0.15,P =0.06).Conclusion Dynamic detection of early pregnancy can guide clinicians to colytic therapy.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect,safety,and value of bronchofibroscopeguided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric patients with severe pneumonia.Methods A total of 60 patients with severe pneumonia was randomly divided into two groups with 30 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with conventional anti-infection therapy,while patients in the treatment group were treated with bronchofibroscope-guided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics on the basis of conventional therapy.The sputum positive rate,clinical effect,hospital stays,treatment costs,and adverse reactions were compared to analyze its value.Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 93.3％,which was significantly higher than that (60.0％) in the control group (P ＜0.01).The sputum positive rate of treatment group was 80.0％,which was significantly higher than that (43.3％) in the control group (P ＜0.01).The hospital stays and the treatment costs of the treatment group were both significantly less than those in control group (P ＜0.01 orP ＜0.05).No serious complications were found in patients of the treatment group.Conclusions Bronchofibroscope-guided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric patients with severe pneumonia show exactly clinical effects and significant improvement in dyspnea,which shortens the hospital stays,reduces the treatment costs,and has no seriously adverse reactions.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the effects of TLR4 on the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.Methods The cell lines of RAW264.7,Lewis,MFC,Hepal-6,Bl6,and NIH3T3 were irradiated with 5 Gy X-rays or sham-irradiated.24 h after irradiation,the expression of TLR4 was detected by flow cytometry.According to the TKR4 level,cells were divided into three groups:without treatment,LPS stimulation and TAK242 block.CCK-8 kit and Annexin-V Apoptosis Kit were used to detect cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of each group.Results After 24 h of 5 Gy ionizing radiation,TLR4 was significantly increased in Lewis cells (t =-8.68,P ＜0.01) but decreased in MFC cells (t =25.8,P ＜ 0.01) and had no significant changes in Hepal-6,B16 and RAW264.7 cells.In addition,the proliferation vitality (t =57.62,-6.23,P ＜ 0.01) and survival fraction (t =13.37,19.24,P ＜ 0.01) of the Lewis and MFC cells were reduced especially for the TLR4-blocked cells,and the apoptosis rates of both Lewis (t=-167.85,P＜0.01) and MFC cells (t=-26.45,P＜0.01) were elevated.The percentages of G0/G1 phase and S phase Lewis cells were significant increased (t =8.68,14.89,P ＜ 0.01) but its G2/M phase were reduced (t =-37.48,P ＜ 0.01).However,the percentages of G0/G1 phase and S phase MFC cells were obviously reduced (t =20.31,4.48,P ＜ 0.01) and G2/M phase increased (t =-13.06,P ＜ 0.01).For both cell lines of Lewis and MFC,the cycle distribution of TAK242 and LPS groups didn't change significantly.Conclusions High expression TLR4 in the Lewis cells is related to cell proliferation and apoptosis but not cell cycle distribution,and hence TLR4 could influence the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of two-points approach vascular stenting technique (via both the femoral artery and posterior tibial artery of the affected side) in repairing blunt popliteal artery injuries.Methods The clinical data of eleven patients with blunt popliteal arterial injuries,who were treated with two-points approach vascular stenting technique during the period from March 2011 to March 2015 as single-approach stenting repair failed,were retrospectively analyzed.First,antegrade puncture of the femoral artery on the affected side with subsequent angiography was performed to evaluate the arterial injury,when the attempt to push the guide-wire to pass the injured arterial segment by twisting manipulation failed the puncture of posterior tibial artery was immediately carried out,then,a 4-French single-bend catheter together with a goose neck snare was inserted.Guide-wire capture technique was used to gasp the guide-wire in the injured artery segment,and then the guide-wire was pulled to pass through the injured artery segment.In this way,the guide-wire working circle was reliably established,and along the guide-wire the vascular stent was inserted and delivered to the right site to repair the injured artery.A 6-French guiding catheter was inserted to perform thrombus aspiration for eliminating the distal outflow obstruction caused by thrombus.Thrombolytic therapy with small dose of urokinase through a indwelling catheter was employed for the treatment of peripheral arterial thrombosis.Results The technical success rate was 100％.Angiography revealed that partial transection of artery was detected in 7 patients,and complete transection of artery in 4 patients.A total of 16 stents were implanted.No perioperative mortality or procedure-related complication occurred.All patients were followed up for 13-24 months,with a mean of (18.7±3.8) months.In-stent thrombosis occurred in 2 patients,which was treated with thrombolytic therapy and the blood flow recovered;severe in-stent stenosis (＞70％) was seen in 3 patients,in whom the blood flow returned to normal after balloon dilation therapy;mild in-stent stenosis (＜30％) was found in 6 patients,and no special treatment was given.During the follow-up period,no stent fracture,deformation,or displacement was seen,and no patient needed to have an amputation surgery.Conclusion In treating blunt popliteal artery injuries,two-points approach vascular stenting technique can effectively reduce the operation time,rapidly recover the blood flow of the injured popliteal artery,and shorten the time of limb ischemia.This technique has very satisfactory clinical shortterm effect.

Objective To detect the expression of humar telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and telomerase activity in HeLa,MCF-7,SMMC7721 PC-3m and U2OS cell lines. Methods The techniques of immunochemistry and TRAP-ELISA were employed to detect the expression of hTERT and telomerase activity in different tumor cell lines.Results The positive rate of hTERT in HeLa cells(93.75%?3.10%)was significantly higher than that in U2OS cells(2.75%?0.96%),besides the other three cell lines showed an positive rates of hTERT in MCF-7(92.50%?2.65%),SMMC7721 (53.75%?2.22%)and PC-3m(23.50%?2.89%); Meanwhile,the telomerase activity of HeLa cells (94.58%?3.49%) was also much higher than that of U2OS(3.02%?0.43%),likewise the telomerase activities of the other three cell lines (MCF-7,SMMC7721,PC-3m) were 73.90%?4.50%,66.67%?3.35% and 50.62%?1.96%, respectively. Conclusion The expression of hTERT and telomerase activity show obvious differences among five tumor cell lines,suggesting that telomerase inhibitors cannot effect on all the tumor cell lines.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 19 STR Loci in Shandong Han population in order to provide the genetic data for paternity testing. METHODS: The genotypes of 205 unrelated individuals in Shandong Han population were typed by Goldeneye 20A kit to get the allele frequencies and population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci. Four kits, Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit, and Goldeneye 20A kit, were compared with each other and used in the analysis of a special paternity test case. RESULTS: The population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci in Shandong Han Population were obtained. The cumulative discrimination power (CDP) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) ranked from high to low were Goldeneye 20A kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit and Identifiler kit, respectively. As duo case, the result of the real case showed that Identifiler kit had no excluding loci, and none of the SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit or Goldeneye 20A kit could exclude fatherhood. CONCLUSION Compared with Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, and PowerPlex 16 kit, Goldeneye 20A kit shows the higher efficiency than the others, but is not completely satisfied for duo cases.
Asian People/genetics* ; China ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci/genetics* ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*