Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy

Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; methods

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; Rats ; Subthalamic Nucleus ; metabolism

AIM: To study the infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils ( PMNs ) after conjunctival flap covering in alkali-burned cornea.
●METHODS: Rabbit cornea alkali-burned model was made, then 50 rabbits were randomly divided into the experimental group ( n=25 ) and the control group ( n=25 ) . At the same time the surgery of conjunctival flap covering was given to rabbits of the experimental group. The condition developing of alkali-burned cornea was observed by slit lamp biomicroscopy, and took photos in two groups. The infiltration of PMNs was identified by hematoxylin eosin ( HE) staining in different periods.
●RESULTS:The quantity of PMNs increased on the 3d, reached the lower level on 7d, shown a peak on the 14d, then decreased gradually. PMNs level of the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference of 3, 14 and 21d was significant (P<0. 05).
●CONCLUSION: During the wound healing process, alkali - burned cornea has close relation with the infiltration of PMNs. The treatment of conjunctival flap covering for the severe alkali-burned cornea was found to have good effect.

Objective To investigate the incidence of postoperative hepatic metastasis,clinicolpathological characteristics and the prognosis for pancreatic cancer. Methods Totally 83 cases with pancreatic cancer admitted in our hospital during January 2007 to September 2012 was retro?spectively analyzed according to clinicolpathological data. Results Postoperative liver metastasis occurred in 31 cases with a metastatic rate of 37.3%. The size(χ2=9.606;P=0.002),vascular invasion(χ2=4.794,P=0.029)and UICC stage(χ2=5.318,P=0.021)were correlated with he?patic metastasis. Univariate analysis revealed the poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patient with hepatic metastasis(χ2=9.967,P=0.002). Cox re?gression analysis revealed hepatic metastasis as an independent prognostic factor(P=0.001). Conclusion Pancreatic cancer has a high possibility of hepatic metastasis. Postoperative hepatic metastasis was one of the independent factors for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Tumor size,vascular invasion and UICC stages were risk factors for postoperative liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

We applied Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) combined with brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) to study the change of alertness under sleep deprivation in our research. Ten subjects were involved in 36 hours sleep deprivation (SD), during which spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) experiments and auditory evoked EEG experiments-Oddball were recorded once every 6 hours. Spontaneous and evoked EEG data were calculated and BEAMs were structured. Results showed that during the 36 hours of SD, alertness could be divided into three stages, i. e. the first 12 hours as the high stage, the middle 12 hours as the rapid decline stage and the last 12 hours as the low stage. During the period SD, LZC of Spontaneous EEG decreased over the whole brain to some extent, but remained consistent with the subjective scales. By BEAMs of event related potential, LZC on frontal cortex decreased, but kept consistent with the behavioral responses. Therefore, LZC can be effective to reflect the change of brain alertness. At the same time LZC could be used as a practical index to monitor real-time alertness because of its simple computation and fast calculation.
Attention ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Sleep Deprivation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) of varicocele patients, the influence of spermatic vein ligation on IELT, and the relationship of Visual Analogue Score (VAS) with IELT.

METHODSWe selected 112 males who had regular sexual life after spermatic vein ligation and conducted follow-up visits for 6 months. According to preoperative IELT, we divided the patients into an IELT < or = 2 min group and an IELT > 2 min group, and compared their IELT, VAS and Chinese Index of Sexual Function for Premature Ejaculation-5 (CIPE-5) scores before and 6 months after operation.

RESULTSFollow-up was accomplished in 81 of the patients, 18 in the IELT < or = 2 min group and 63 in the IELT >2 min group. Compared with the baseline, IELT was significantly prolonged postoperatively in both the IELT < or = 2 min group ([1.26 +/- 0.37] vs [4.53 +/- 1.69] min, P < 0.01) and the IELT >2 min group ([5.14 +/- 2.03] vs [7.69 +/- 4.51] min, P < 0.05); the postoperative CIPE-5 scores were remarkably improved in the former (11.27 +/- 3.52 vs 15.64 +/- 2.37, P < 0.05) but insignificantly in the latter group (20.42 +/- 4.65 vs 21.83 +/- 5.49, P > 0.05); the postoperative grades of the CIPE-5 scores showed significant differences in both groups (chi2 = 6.353, P = 0.042 and chi2 = 3.910, P = 0.048); the postoperative VAS was markedly increased (3.18 +/- 0.92 vs 1.56 +/- 0.83 and 3.24 +/- 0.95 vs 1.74 +/- 0.79, P < 0.05), with significant differences in the grades of VAS in both groups (chi2 = 4.433, P = 0.035 and chi2 = 10.088, P = 0.001). The variation of VAS was negatively correlated with that of IELT in both groups (r = -0.572, P < 0.01 and r = -0.465, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVaricocele may be one of the causes of premature ejaculation, and some of the varicocele patients with IELT < or = 2 min may benefit from spermatic vein ligation. Improved VAS is negatively correlated with prolonged IELT. The relationship between varicocele and premature ejaculation deserves further studies.

Adult ; Ejaculation ; physiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Young Adult

Background About one third of congenital cataract is associated with inheriting factor.The inherited heterogeneity has been found in congenital cataract.To seek the pathogenic gene is essential for the gene therapy. Objective Present study was to map and identify the causal gene for autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC) in a Chinese family. Methods The clinical features of all affected members in this family were examined.Blood samples were collected from eleven family members for genetic linkage analysis.Polymorphic microsatellite markers were selected from the regions which harbor all known loci linked with ADCC.Universal fluorescent-labeled M13 primer was used in linkage analysis.Direct genomic sequencing was used to evaluate the candidate gene for example CRYBB2 gene.This study followed Helsinki Declaration and was proved by Tianjin City Ethic Committee.Written informed consent was obtained from each SUbject before any medical procees. Results The maximum two-point LOD score of 1.20 was obtained for marker D22S315 (θ=0).The LOD score of 0.6 was obtained for marker D16S3068.No mutation in all exons of CRYBB2 gene was found in the family. Conclusion CRYBB2 gene associated with ADCC was excluded from the family.A genome-wide linkage screening should be conducted.Genotyping with microsatellite markers using Universal fluorescent-labeled M13 primer can decrease the cost and obtain the same result.

AIMTo observe the change of STR neuronal firing rates with high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus in PD rats.

METHODSA model of Parkinson's disease was induced by unilateral administration of 6-hydroxydopamine into right substantia nigra in rats. After the high-frequency stimulation to STN, the spontaneous firing rates of STR on normal and PD rats were recorded by using extracellular recordings.

RESULTSStimulation caused a direct excited effect of STR neurons in normal rats whereas a excited and inhibited effect in PD rats. The inhibited effect was correlated with the stimulation period (r = 0.94).

CONCLUSIONStimulation to STN may inhibit the spontaneous firing rates of STR neurons in PD rats. These results also give some clues that high-frequency stimulation to STN may be a effective therapy to the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Corpus Striatum ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Male ; Neurons ; physiology ; Parkinson Disease ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Subthalamic Nucleus

AIMTo investigate the changes in neuronal activities of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL) after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamin (6-OHDA) lesioning of the striatum in rats.

METHODSExtracellular single-unit recordings were perin normal rats and 6-OHDA lesioned rats to observe the firing rate and firing pattern occurring in PPN and VL neurons.

RESULTSThe firing rate of PPN neurones significantly increased from (8.31 +/- 0.62) Hz in normal rats to (10.70 +/- 0.85) Hz in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. The firing pattern changed towards more irregular and bursty when compared with the normal rats, with the firing rate increasing in regular pattern. The firing rate of VL neurones in normal rats and 6-OHDA lesioned rats were (6.25 +/- 0.54) Hz and (5.67 +/- 0.46)Hz respectively, whereas to normal animals. Surthere were no significant differences in these two groups. In addition, the firing pattern did not change in VL compared prisingly, the firing rate in burst pattern decreased significantly.

CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrate that PPN neurons are overactive in 6-OHDAlesioned rats, indicating the participation of this nucleus in the pathophysiology of parkinsonism and the activities of VL neurons might be regulated by projection from PPN to VL.

Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Corpus Striatum ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neural Pathways ; injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Oxidopamine ; toxicity ; Parkinson Disease ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus ; physiopathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Nigra ; injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei ; physiopathology