OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy, safety and patient compliance of transdermal estrogen patches(17-β estradiol, 1.5 mg per patch) in the hormone therapy in menopausal women. METHODS: Thirty-five naturally menopausal women with serum levels of FSH >40 u · L-1 and E2 < 30 pg · mL-1 were chosen. Transdermal estrogen patches were continuously used once a week for 24 weeks. On the same day of using the forth patches every month, the patients began taking 10 mg dydrogesterone per day for 10 d. Menopausal complaints were evaluated, and the serum FSH and E2 levels were determined before and after the hormone therapy. The safety index and the compliance of patients were observed. RESULTS: Kupperman index were decreased significantly and menopausal complaints were relieved notablely; serum E2 levels increased after therapy. Before and after treatment, liver and kidney functions, blood glucose and blood coagulation were within the normal range. CONCLUSION: Transdermal estrogen patches (17-β estradiol, 1.5 mg per patch) is effective and safe for relieving menopausal symptoms at least in a short term.

Objective:To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of Chinese agraphia caused by basal ganglia(BG)infarction.Methods:The writing abilities of 40 patients with BG infarction were detected by Chinese agraphia battery(CAB),and all the writing scores and agraphia quotient were calculated.The head CT/MRI images in agraphia and non-agraphia groups were standardized,the infarction were revealed and the superposition of two-dimensional arrays were performed,so that the central tendency of infarction was visually displayed.Results: Among the 40 patients,21 had left BG infraction,and 17 had agraphia;19 had right BG infraction,and 4 had agraphia.The two-dimensional superimposing neuroimages showed that BG infarctions caused agraphia was mostly in the left BG,including the left putamen,the head and body of the caudate nucleus,but there were fewer infarctions in the right putamen and the body of the candate nucleus.BG infarction caused agraphia was mostly aphasic agraphia,which was characterized by the orthographic disorders,paragraphia,and grammar mistakes.Conclusions: BG infarction may result in aphasic agraphia,which suggested that BG is involed in writing and processing,and it is the subcortical center of this advanced neurofunction in writing.

Molecular methods and fluoroscopic techniques suggest that rich microbial diversity exist in the marine environment, but less than 1% of these microbes can be cultured in the laboratory conditions, and that the cultivable dominant species were even less. This limitation has long been a barrier to the development of environmental microbiology and the utilization of marine resources. In the past decade, novel methods for culture and detection of these uncultured marine microbes have successfully applied to obtain several conventionally-uncultured microbes including those from extreme environments. Those progresses have inspired researchers greatly. Developments in the research of marine microbial resources are an important basis for the study of the micro-world and deserve increasing scientific attention.

Objective To explore the safer and more reasonable time of withdrawing nucleoside analogues antiviral therapy in women with chronic HBV infection during immune tolerance period. Methods The patients included in this study were 343 pregnant women with chronic HBV infection who received nucleoside antiviral therapy in Obstetrics and Gynecology Center of 302 Military Hospital of China. According to the time of withdrawing antiviral therapy after delivery, the patients were assigned to P0 group, i.e., withdrawal immediately after delivery, and the patients who stopped the drug 6 weeks after delivery were assigned to P6w group. The patients were compared between these two groups in terms of prevalence of ALT abnormality during pregnancy and postpartum, the peak value and occurrence time of postpartum ALT, and mother-to-child vertical transmission. Results The prevalence of postpartum ALT abnormality was 30.2％ in P0 group and 20.7％ in P6w group (χ2=4.129, P=0.046). Specifically, for the patients with abnormal liver function during pregnancy, the prevalence of postpartum ALT abnormality was 88.0％ and 39.4％ in the two groups respectively (χ2=14.043, P=0.001). While for the patients with normal liver function during pregnancy, the prevalence of postpartum ALT abnormality was 19.4％ and 16.6％ respectively (χ2=0.392, P=0.531). Mother-to-infant HBV transmission was blocked successfully in all the patients in spite of the time of withdrawing antiviral therapy. Conclusions For the pregnant women with chronic HBV infection who received oral nucleoside analogue antiviral agents to interrupt motherto-child transmission, the time of withdrawing antiviral agents did not show significant effect on the prevalence of postpartum liver function abnormality and rate of successful blocking mother-toinfant HBV transmission. However, for the patients with abnormal ALT during pregnancy, it is appropriate to continue the nucleoside analogue antiviral therapy after delivery.

Objective To explore the influence of montelukast on plasma nitric oxide in preschool children with asthma.Methods Forty-four preschool children with asthma aged 2-5 years who firstly met a criterion of asthma and treated 4 weeks with montelukast were investigated;and nitric oxide levels of plasma were inspected respectively before treatment and after treatment 1 week,4 weeks.Results The level of nitric oxide in the plasma of asthmatic children was obviously higher than that in normal control group(P

AIMTo investigate the effect of Safflor yellow on the gene expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in neonatal asphyxia.

METHODS30 minutes after SY 7 g/kg weight intraperitoneally was administered on the neonatal rats. After asphyxia for 40 minutes,the neonatal rats were reoxygenated for 48 h, and the nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) mRNA expression was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSNeuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were up in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) 48 h group, while both of them were down significantly in SY group, but no change was observed on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

CONCLUSIONThe protective of SY from brain damage induced by neonatal asphyxia might be associated with expression of NOSs mRNA.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Chalcone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gene Expression ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Quinones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natural Killer T-Cells ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Young Adult

Nano-magnetic contrast agent has become one of the important research directions of MRI contrast agent; its unique physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics present a promising application prospect and play an increasingly important role in clinical and research work. Nano-magnetic contrast agent with special physicochemical and biological properties could be swallowed by human macrophages easily, - causing changes of MRI signal intensity in lesion and possessing application prospect for quantitative diagnosis. This review discusses the recent progress on nano-magnetic contrast agent and their applications for imaging macrophages in human diseases.

Fermentation condition optimization of P. decumbens Ju-A10 for production of CMCase using three kinds of plant cellulosic wastes as carbon sources was made using RSA method. The result was that CMCase was the highest when the level of carbon source was 9. 77 % , 8. 69 % and 9. 97% , and liquid volume was 64. 7 mL, 54. 2 mL, 40. 8 mL for carbon sources of millet straw, wheat straw and paper sludge, respectively. The value of CMCase was 29. 26IU/mL, 29. 14 IU/mL, 29. 81 IU/mL, respectively, in the above cases. The value of R2 is 0. 9117 , 0. 9246, 0. 8655 , respectively. It could be concluded that the fermentation models were quite reliable. The method can be applied in optimization of fungi fermentation medium.

Animals ; Astrocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Microglia ; immunology ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Oxidopamine ; metabolism ; Parkinson Disease ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley